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Applications of circulating tumor cells for prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2016年第4期3卷 254-259页

作者： Shirley Cheng Jie-Fu Chen Yi-Tsung Lu Leland W.K.Chung Hsian-Rong Tseng Edwin M.posadas Urologic Oncology Program Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Internal Medicine John H Stroger HospitalChicagoILUSA Cancer Biology Program Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA California Nanosystems Institute University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Molecular Pharmacology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Translational Oncology Program Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA

One of the major challenges that clinicians face is in the difficulties of accurately monitoring disease *** cancer is among these diseases and greatly affects the health of men *** tumor cells(CTCs)are a rare population of cancer cells that have shed from the primary tumor and entered the peripheral *** until recently,clinical applications of CTCs have been limited to using enumeration as a prognostic tool in ***,advances in emerging CTC technologies point toward new applications that could revolutionize the field of prostate *** is now possible to study CTCs as components of a liquid biopsy based on morphological phenotypes,biochemical analyses,and genomic *** advances allow us to gain insight into the heterogeneity and dynamics of cancer biology and to further study the mechanisms behind the evolution of therapeutic *** recent developments utilizing CTCs for clinical applications will greatly impact the future of prostate cancer research and pave the way towards personalized care for men.

关键词： Prostate cancer Circulating tumor cell Biomarker Liquid biopsy Molecular oncology

Estimation of Mycotoxin Multiple Contamination in Mexican Hybrid Seed Maize by HPLC-MS/MS

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第9期6卷 1089-1097页

作者： Silvia Denise Pena Betancourt Benjamín Valladares Carranza Eduardo posadas Manzano Department of Animal and Agricultural Production Laboratory of ToxicologyUAM-XMéxicoD.F.México Center of Research and Studies in Animal Health FMVZUAEMTolucaMéxico Department of Animal Ruminants Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUNAMMéxicoD.F.México

In Mexico, the presence of mycotoxins in chemical treated seed maize by sowing is not well known, despite the need to improve the quality and corn safe for human consumption. It collected twenty-five genotypes maize samples from Morelos State in the spring of 2013, all of them treated with synthetic colors (pink, green, yellow), fungicides and insecticides. Two samples (synthetic seed and hybrid commercial) were selected for analysis of twenty-two mycotoxins by LC-MS/MS and AFB1 determination by liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). The results of the 25 samples showed the presence of Aflatoxin B1 in 25% of samples in a ranged concentration between 2 to 6 μg·kg-1, and average of 4.1-1 μg·kg, which were within the allowed limits by national and international legislation. Twenty-two mycotoxins were found in levels ranging between 791.7 and 891.2 μg·kg. The content average in both samples was for total aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AG2) of 16.95 μg·kg, with G aflatoxins the most prevalence. Twelve trichothecenes (Nivalenol, Neosolanol, Fusarenone X, DAS, HT-2, FB1, FB2, FB3, T-2, Zearalenone, ZEA2, ZEA3) were in a level of 292.7 μg·kg-1, Enniantine 8.6 μg·kg-1, Sterigmatocystin 6.5 μg·kg-1, Roquefortine C, 2.9 μg·kg-1. Ochratoxin 8.8 μg·kg-1 and Mycophenolic acid at 535 μg·kg-1 were the highest content. The synthetic color present in seeds analyzed inhibited a good purification in the extracted mycotoxin by optimizing the step in HPLC-MS/MS quantification system. The information generated in this study would be useful in breeding programs in order to improve the sanitary quality and also to investigate the final contamination of agricultural products with multiple mycotoxin contamination.

关键词： Maize Seed Warehouse Moulds Mycotoxins HPLC MS/MS

Hypertension and obesity in living kidney donors

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World Journal of Transplantation 2021年第6期11卷 180-186页

作者： Mahmoud M Mohamed Ahmed Daoud Syed Quadri Michael J Casey Mariah Aurora posadas Salas Vinaya Rao Tibor Fülöp Karim M Soliman Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyUniversity of TennesseeMemphisTN 38163United States Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425United States Medicine Service Ralph H.Johnson VA Medical CenterCharlestonSC 29401United States

Over the past few decades,the shortage in the kidney donor pool as compared to the increasing number of candidates on the kidney transplant waitlist led to loosening of kidney donors’acceptance *** and obesity represent risk factors for chronic kidney disease,both in native kidneys and those in kidney transplant *** great progress has been made in kidney transplantation from living donors to benefit the recipient survival and quality of life,progress has been slow to fully risk-characterize the *** review critically reassesses the current state of understanding regarding the risk of endstage kidney disease in those donors with obesity,hypertension or *** risk assessment tools need to be developed urgently to fully understand the risk glomerular filtration rate compensation failure in the remaining kidney of the donors.

关键词： Living donor Kidney Obesity Hypertension Living kidney donors

Recombinant protein detection and its content in total protein, lipids and toxic antinutritional substances in Mexican maize

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Health 2013年第10期5卷 9-13页

作者： Pena Betancourt Silvia Denise posadas Manzano Eduardo Valladares Carranza Benjamin Laboratorio de Toxicologia Departamento de Produccion Agricola y AnimalUAM-XochimilcoMexicoD.F.Mexico Departamento de Rumiantes Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia UNAMMexicoD.F.Mexico 3Centro de Investigacion y Estudios avanzados en salud animalFMVZ-UAEMMexico

The engineering genetic technology has developed Bt maize events which contain recombinant protein that will be safe for the consumer. The aflatoxins are contaminants present in maize capable of producing cancer and decreasing the immune response in human, additionally contained polyphenols compounds considered non nutritive. The objective of this study was to identify the presence of recombinant protein in hybrid and local varieties of corn and evaluate the content of aflatoxins and tannins. 25 samples of white grain maize for human consumption were collected, 12 were for hybrid maize and 13 local varieties, from the states of Hidalgo, Mexico and Morelos. Samples were analyzed for Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac, using lateral flow strip method, crude protein and lipids by standard methods. Aflatoxins were assessed by comercial Elisa kit and tannins by spectroscopy method. The data were grouped in a completely random model and an analysis of variance was performed. The results indicated that 44.5% of hybrid corn was positive by Bt-Cry1Ab/1Ac proteins, containing 9.02% ± 2.5 lipids and 11.33% ± 2.2 crude protein, 189 ± 0.92 mg/g of tannins and 6.36 ± 3.3 μg·g-1 aflatoxins. The local maize samples (55.5%) were negative to Bt-Cry1Ab/ Cry1Ac, which protein content was of 8.68% ± 0.90, 6.14% lipids ± 2.3, 273 ± 0.40 mg/100g tannin and 7.15 ± 3.3 μg·g-1 of aflatoxins. In conclusion, we observed an improvement of nutrient composition in hybrid maize with Bt proteins, and decrease in tannins content comparing with some local varieties without Bt proteins. The effectiveness of Bt maize expressing the Cry1Ab/ Cry1Ac in reducing aflatoxin contamination was not observed, therefore, additive affects of aflatoxins contamination in maize Bt-Cry need to be further investigated in cancer disease development.

关键词： Transgenic Maize Mycotoxins Safety Toxicants Anti-Nutritional Protein

The Knowledge of Antibiotics in Veternary Students and Repercution in Human Health

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Health 2020年第12期12卷 1632-1639页

作者： Silvia D. Peña Betancourt Silvia Denise posadas Peña Lyda Y. Parra-Forero Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal Laboratorio de Toxicología Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Ciudad de México Mexico Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Ciudad de México México Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal Ciudad de México Mexico

The concept of single health is currently undoubtedly one of the most relevant in pandemic times, where humans and animals are together in the same world. Penicillin was discovered in the last century by Alexander Fleming, used against infectious agents mainly of bacterial types, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Brucella and Mycobacterium are examples of cattle pathogens. The bacteria have developed defense mechanisms allowing them to survive in the host cell (mutation) even in the presence of antimicrobials (bacterial selection). The aim of the study was to examine the degree of knowledge of antibiotics through a structured survey of ten questions, addressed to eighty-six students from the Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics in 2019. Based on the information collected and after analyzing their answers, 63.14% of the students work in Clinics and Universities, 89.47% recognize the need for a quantified prescription, 47.36% mentioned that the Veterinary Medicine can prescribe antimicrobials, 52.63% support the use of antimicrobials for all microorganisms including viruses, 52.63% use the labeling to consult the withdrawal time and 100% identify that it is the withdrawal time and the practices that lead to the development of antimicrobial resistance. It is concluded that most of the students identify malpractice as the trigger for bacterial resistance, however their knowledge is not adequate to avoid antibiotic resistance to humans. It is recommended to reinforce the courses of microbiology, pharmacology and virology in the Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics degree, as well as to be updated on alternatives such as the use of phytobiotics.

关键词： Antibiotics Resistance Bacteria Veterinary Students

Tacrolimus confers lower acute rejection rates and better renal allograft survival compared to cyclosporine

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World Journal of Transplantation 2016年第4期6卷 697-702页

作者： Mahmoud Kamel Manish Kadian Titte Srinivas David Taber Maria Aurora posadas Salas Department of Medicine Medical University of South Carolina Department of Surgery Medical University of South Carolina

AIM To compare the impact of tacrolimus(FK) and cyclosporine(CYA) on acute rejection and graft survival and to assess the predominant causes of graft loss between patients receiving these two calcineurin inhibitors(CNIs).METHODS Retrospective review of 1835 patients who received a kidney transplant(KTX) between 1999-2012. Patients were grouped based on initial CNI utilized: 1195 in FK group, 640 in CYA group. Data on baseline characteristics, clinical outcomes, and causes of graft loss in both groups were analyzed. RESULTS Cumulative acute rejection rates were 14% in the FK vs 24% in the CYA group. Despite more marginal donor characteristics in the FK group, these patients had better graft survival rates compared to the CYA group. Three and five year graft survival rates were 88% and 84% respectively in the FK group compared to 79% and 70% respectively in the CYA group(P < 0.001). After multivariate analysis, which controlled for confounders, FK use was a strong predictor for lower acute rejectionrates [odds ratio(OR) 0.60, 95%CI: 0.45-0.79] and better renal allograft survival(OR 0.740, 95%CI: 0.58-0.94). Death with a functioning graft was the most common cause of graft loss in both groups. Common causes of death included cardiovascular disease, infections, and malignancies. Chronic allograft nephropathy was also found to be an important cause of graft loss, being more prevalent in the CYA group. CONCLUSION The use of FK-based maintenance immunosuppression therapy is associated with a significantly lower rate of acute rejection and better graft survival compared to CYA-based regimen. Individualizing immunosuppression through risk-stratified CNI choice may lead to improved outcomes across all spectra of KTX patients.

关键词： Tacrolimus Cyclosporine Renal allograft survival

Classic Linear Methods Provisos Verification for Oscillator Design Using NDF and Its Use as Oscillators Design Tool

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Circuits and Systems 2013年第1期4卷 89-96页

作者： Angel Parra-Cerrada Vicente González-posadas José Luis Jiménez-Martín Alvaro Blanco Department Ingeniería Audiovisual y Comunicaciones Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain

The purpose of this paper is to show the conditions that must be verified before use any of the classic linear analysis methods for oscillator design. If the required conditions are not verified, the classic methods can provide wrong solutions, and even when the conditions are verified each classic method can provide a different solution. It is necessary to use the Normalized Determinant Function (NDF) in order to perform the verification of the required conditions of the classic methods. The direct use of the NDF as a direct and stand-alone tool for linear oscillator design is proposed. The NDF method has the main advantages of not require any additional condition, be suitable for any topology and provide a unique solution for a circuit with independence of the representation and virtual ground position. The Transpose Return Relations (RRT) can be used to calculate the NDF of any circuit and this is the approach used to calculate the NDF on this paper. Several classic topologies of microwave oscillators are used to illustrate the problems that the classic methods present when their required conditions are not verified. Finally, these oscillators are used to illustrate the use and advantages of the NDF method.

关键词： Oscillator Provisos NDF RR RRT

Biology and therapy of urological cancer metastasis

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Asian Journal of Urology 2016年第4期3卷 167-169页

作者： Edwin M.posadas David J.McConkey Leland W.K.Chung Guest Editor of this issue Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los AngelesCAUSA Guest Editor of this issue Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute Department of Urology Brady Urological InstituteJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Guest Editor of this issue Co-Editor in ChiefAsian Journal of UrologyUro-Oncology Research Department of Medicine Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA

From the early roots of modern urology to today,genitourinary(GU)cancers have been an important part of the fields of urology and cancer *** medical science has advanced,newer clinical and basic viewpoints have impacted the thinking and practice in this important *** such,GU oncology has been consistently seen as an area of rapid evolution both in biological understanding and clinical *** cancers continue to rise in incidence ***,they represent a significant portion of cancer mortality in Asia and the western *** facts have been met with some of the boldest and most important advances in cancer biology and therapy that have reshaped this field.

关键词： metastasis mortality urinary

Predictive Score for Pulmonary Ultrasound and Factors Associated to Mortality and Hospitalization during the Covid-19 Pandemic

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第4期10卷 210-219页

作者： Leandro Seoane Adrian Ruggiero Anabela Martinelli Cristian Noriega Martin Diana Menendez Marcelo Rodriguez Natalia Cano Lourdes posadas Hospital Universitario Austral Pilar Argentina Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina

Pulmonary ultrasound is a non-invasive bedside resource that has showed to be useful for the assessment of patients presenting with respiratory insufficiency as well as the diagnosis of several pleural and other pulmonary pathologies. The pulmonary ultrasound score (LUS) is a semi quantitative scale that measures the loss of pulmonary aeration cause by many pathologic conditions. Our primary objective was to describe factors associated to death and hospitalization in patients aged 16 or older that were admitted to the emergency department (ED) with signs or symptoms of COVID-19 infection through the diagnosis of viral pneumonia with pulmonary ultrasound (PU). It was a cohort retrospective study through a one-year period. Emergency physicians performed lung ultrasounds and calculated LUS. Results: 672 patients suspected of COVID-19 infection with a PU finding of viral pneumonia were included. 495 patients had a positive COVID-19 PCR test, 73.6% of the population. 258 patients presented with high probability of COVID-19 pneumonia following the patterns in PU. 55% were male with a median age of 45 years old. The average LUS score at admission was 8. Global hospitalization rate was 51.5%, 7.5% were admitted to the ICU. Patients with a LUS > 10 had a mortality of 6%, and patients admitted to the ICU had a 50% mortality rate. They presented with an average LUS score at admission of 15.2. Conclusions: LUS was a good predictor of death, hospitalization to general ward or ICU of patients with COVID-19 admitted from the emergency department.

关键词： Pulmonary Ultrasound COVID-19 Pulmonary Ultrasound Score Emergency Physicians Viral Pneumonia