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Global Wheat Head Detection 2021:An Improved Dataset for Benchmarking Wheat Head Detection Methods

Plant Phenomics 2021年第1期3卷 277-285页

作者： Etienne David Mario Serouart Daniel Smith simon Madec Kaaviya Velumani Shouyang Liu Xu Wang Francisco Pinto Shahameh Shafiee Izzat SATahir Hisashi Tsujimoto Shuhei Nasuda Bangyou Zheng Norbert Kirchgessner Helge Aasen Andreas Hund Pouria Sadhegi-Tehran Koichi Nagasawa Goro Ishikawa Sébastien Dandrifosse Alexis Carlier Benjamin Dumont Benoit Mercatoris Byron Evers Ken Kuroki Haozhou Wang Masanori Ishii Minhajul ABadhon Curtis Pozniak David Shaner LeBauer Morten Lillemo Jesse Poland Scott Chapman Benoit de Solan Frédéric Baret Ian Stavness Wei Guo Arvalis Institut du Végétal3 Rue Joseph et Marie Hackin75116 ParisFrance UMR1114 EMMAH INRAECentre PACABâtiment ClimatDomaine Saint-Paul228 Route de l’AérodromeCS 4050984914 Avignon CedexFrance School of Food and Agricultural Sciences The University of QueenslandGatton4343 QLDAustralia Hiphen SAS 120 Rue Jean DaussetAgroparcBâtiment Technicité84140 AvignonFrance Plant Phenomics Research Center Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Wheat Genetics Resource Center Dep.of Plant PathologyKansas State Univ.4024 Throckmorton Plant Sciences CenterManhattanKansasUSA Global Wheat Program International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre(CIMMYT)MexicoD.F.Mexico Faculty of Biosciences Norwegian University of Life SciencesP.O.Box 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway Agricultural Research Corporation Wheat Research ProgramP.O.Box 126Wad MedaniSudan Arid Land Research Center Tottori UniversityTottori 680-0001Japan Laboratories of Plant Genetics and Plant Breeding Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityJapan CSIRo Agriculture and Food Queensland Biosciences Precinct306 Carmody RoadSt Lucia4067 QLDAustralia Institute of Agricultural Sciences ETH ZurichUniversitätstrasse 28092 ZurichSwitzerland Plant Sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK Institute of Crop Science National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationJapan Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationJapan Biosystems Dynamics and Exchanges TERRA Teaching and Research CenterGembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of Liège5030 GemblouxBelgium Plant Sciences TERRA Teaching and Research CenterGembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of Liège5030 GemblouxBelgium Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo1-1-1 Midori-choNishitokyo CityTokyoJapan Department of Computer Science University of SaskatchewanCanada Department of Plant Sciences University of SaskatchewanCanada College of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of ArizonaTucsonArizona

The Global Wheat Head Detection(GWHD)dataset was created in 2020 and has assembled 193,634 labelled wheat heads from 4700 RGB images acquired from various acquisition platforms and 7 countries/*** an associated competition hosted in Kaggle,GWHD_2020 has successfully attracted attention from both the computer vision and agricultural science *** this first experience,a few avenues for improvements have been identified regarding data size,head diversity,and label *** address these issues,the 2020 dataset has been reexamined,relabeled,and complemented by adding 1722 images from 5 additional countries,allowing for 81,553 additional wheat *** now release in 2021 a new version of the Global Wheat Head Detection dataset,which is bigger,more diverse,and less noisy than the GWHD_2020 version.

关键词： Wheat adding release

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统计学简史

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统计学 2000年第2期

作者： H.o.Lancaster

1 起源，分布统计是初产生于研究对国家，特别是对其经济以及人口的描述。当时现代数学尚未形成。因此那时的统计史基本上是经济史的范畴。现代统计主要起源于研究总体（population），变差（variation）和简化数据（reduction of data...

1 起源，分布统计是初产生于研究对国家，特别是对其经济以及人口的描述。当时现代数学尚未形成。因此那时的统计史基本上是经济史的范畴。现代统计主要起源于研究总体（population），变差（variation）和简化数据（reduction of data）。第一个经典文献属于John Graunt （1620-1674），其具有技巧的分析指出了把一些庞杂、令人糊涂的数据化简为几个说明问题的表格的价值。他注意到在非瘟疫时期，一个大城市每年死亡数有统计规律，而且出生儿的性别比为1.08，即每生13个女孩就有14个男孩。大城市的死亡率比农村地区要高。在考虑了已知原因的死亡及不知死亡年龄的情况下，Graunt估计出了六岁之前儿童的死亡率，并相当合理地估计出了母亲的死亡率为1.5%。因此，他从杂乱无章的材料中得出了重要的结论。他还给出了一个新的生命表。Edmond Halley（哈雷）（1656-1742）利用了Breslau 的记有死亡年龄的数据，改进了Graunt的生命表并引进了死亡率的定义。瑞士数学家Leonhard Euler（欧拉）（1707-1783）提出了平稳生命表的概念。 John De Witt（1625-1672）等人最早讨论退休金和人寿保险的方案。 Thomas Robert Malthus（马尔萨斯）（1766-1834）， Alfred JamesLotke（1880-1949），Ronald Aylmer Fisher（费歇）（1890-1962 ），及William Feller（费勒）（1906-1970 ）等人用渐趋复杂的数学来研究生命表的理论，这对人类及其它总体的动力学描述具有显著意义。William Petty（1623-1687）是Graunt同时代的经济学家及朋友。他认为需要建立中央统计部来利用人口统计学的知识；由行政区利用列出记录年龄，性别，婚姻状况等细节的记录表格来收集数据；要有出生，死亡，婚姻，收入，教育和商业等方面的统计数据。当时在研究诸如死亡等时间序列时，Graunt注意到了随机的起伏；但他仅以机械的术语加以描述—把这些与钟表运动的忽动忽停相联系。实际上，这种不规则的变化也影响赌博和天文学。因此，其后进一步导致了随机误差的误差分布概念的出现。赌博产生了第一个机会事件的模型：如果硬币就骰子的每一面都有相同概率，则导致估计抛一个均衡的硬币所出现的正面次数或掷一个均衡的骰子的总点数。更一般地，Abraham de Moivre（棣美佛）（1667-1754）导出了对二项分布的一个近似；这使每一个概率都等于正态曲线下的一块面积，这是一种的中心极限定理。Pierre simon Laplace（拉普拉斯）（1749-1827）导出了对男子出生比例的类似的渐近公式。 Jacob Bernoulli（伯努利）（1654-1705）以弱大数定律支持了对大样本均值的使用。Tomas simpson（辛普森）（1710-1761）计算了同分布随机变量和的精确分布，同样也支持了对大样本均值的使用。

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F-X域等道距道内插

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石油地球物理勘探 1996年第1期31卷 28-34,166页

作者：国九英周兴元俞寿朋石油地球物理勘探局研究院 072750

simonSpitz（1989）提出的用F－X域预测技术实现道内插的方法，尽管有许多优点，但还是存在计算量大、精度低等一些问题。本文给出了一种新的F－X域实现道内插的方法，该方法是利用F－X域预测算子包含了所有反射波同相轴的倾角信息这一... 详细信息

simonSpitz（1989）提出的用F－X域预测技术实现道内插的方法，尽管有许多优点，但还是存在计算量大、精度低等一些问题。本文给出了一种新的F－X域实现道内插的方法，该方法是利用F－X域预测算子包含了所有反射波同相轴的倾角信息这一特性来实现道内插。它不必像常规方法那样扫描反射波同相轴的倾角，而且即使存在严重的空间仅频时，也可得到较好的内插效果。理论与实际资料试验的结果表明，该方法具有速度快、精度高、内插出的地震道波形自然、不受空间仅频影响等优点，但前提是要求在作道内播之前道距必须相等。

关键词： F-X域等道距道内插

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A history of high-power laser research and development in the United Kingdom

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 41-126页

作者： Colin N.Danson Malcolm White John R.M.Barr Thomas Bett Peter Blyth David Bowley Ceri Brenner Robert J.Collins Neal Croxford A.E.Bucker Dangor Laurence Devereux Peter E.Dyer Anthony Dymoke-Bradshaw Christopher B.Edwards Paul Ewart Allister I.Ferguson John M.Girkin Denis R.Hall David C.Hanna Wayne Harris David I.Hillier Christopher J.Hooker simon M.Hooker Nicholas Hopps Janet Hull David Hunt Dino A.Jaroszynski Mark Kempenaars Helmut Kessler Sir Peter L.Knight Steve Knight Adrian Knowles Ciaran L.S.Lewis Ken S.Lipton Abby Littlechild John Littlechild Peter Maggs Graeme P.A.Malcolm oBE Stuart P.D.Mangles William Martin Paul McKenna Richard o.Moore Clive Morrison Zulfikar Najmudin David Neely Geoff H.C.New Michael J.Norman Ted Paine Anthony W.Parker Rory R.Penman Geoff J.Pert Chris Pietraszewski Andrew Randewich Nadeem H.Rizvi Nigel Seddon MBE Zheng-Ming Sheng David Slater Roland A.Smith Christopher Spindloe Roy Taylor Gary Thomas John W.G.Tisch Justin S.Wark Colin Webb S.Mark Wiggins Dave Willford Trevor Winstone AWE Aldermaston ReadingUK oxford Centre for High Energy Density Science Department of PhysicsClarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Intertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK Formerly of Electrox LetchworthUK Formerly of Central Laser Facility Rutherford LaboratoryDidcotUK Formerly of Ferranti Defence Systems LincolnUK Leonardo EdinburghUK Retired AWEReadingUK Formerly of AWE ReadingUK Formerly of Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Formerly of optilas Ltd Milton KeynesUK Retired Pro-Lite TechnologyCranfieldUK Specialised Imaging Ltd PitstoneUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Magna-Power Electronics Ltd ReadingUK DeBe Lasers Needham Laser TechnologiesWhitchurchUK Blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonLondonUK SPIE Europe CardiffUK Professor Emeritus(Physics) University of HullKingston upon HullUK Kentech Instruments Ltd WallingfordUK Department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Professor Emeritus Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Department of Physics Durham UniversityDurhamUK Professor Emeritus(Photonics) Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK Professor Emeritus University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK optical Surfaces Ltd KenleyUK JEH Lasers Ltd RugbyUK Scottish Universities Physics Alliance Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK ITER organization Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance Manx Precision optics Ltd BallasallaUK Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Elliot Scientific Ltd MetroTest Scientific GroupHarpendenUK Centre for Plasma Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Retired Founderand former MDRofin-Sinar UK LtdHullUK Heraeus Noblelight Ltd CambridgeUK Mirli Books ChelmsfordUK M Squared Lasers Ltd GlasgowUK University of Hertfordshire HatfieldUK E&Eo UK Ltd Barton-upon-HumberUK Department of Physics University of YorkYorkUK IC optical Systems Ltd BeckenhamUK Laser Micromachining Ltd St AsaphUK MBDA UK Ltd Brist

The first demonstration of laser action in ruby was made in 1960 by *** of Hughes Research Laboratories,*** laboratories worldwide began the search for lasers using different materials,operating at different *** the UK,academia,industry and the central laboratories took up the challenge from the earliest days to develop these systems for a broad range of *** historical review looks at the contribution the UK has made to the advancement of the technology,the development of systems and components and their exploitation over the last 60 years.

关键词： high-power lasers history United Kingdom

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Decline in subarachnoid haemorrhage volumes associated with the first wave of the CoVID- 19 pandemic

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 542-552,I0026-I0032页

作者： Thanh N Nguyen Diogo C Haussen Muhammad M Qureshi Hiroshi Yamagami Toshiyuki Fujinaka ossama Y Mansour Mohamad Abdalkader Michael Frankel Zhongming Qiu Allan Taylor Pedro Lylyk omer F Eker Laura Mechtouff Michel Piotin Fabricio oliveira Lima Francisco Mont'Alverne Wazim Izzath Nobuyuki Sakai Mahmoud Mohammaden Alhamza R Al-Bayati Leonardo Renieri Salvatore Mangiafico David ozretic Vanessa Chalumeau Saima Ahmad Umair Rashid Syed Irteza Hussain Seby John Emma Griffin John Thornton Jose Antonio Fiorot Rodrigo Rivera Nadia Hammami Anna M Cervantes-Arslanian Hormuzdiyar H Dasenbrock Huynh Le Vu Viet Quy Nguyen Steven Hetts Romain Bourcier Romain Guile Melanie Walker Malveeka Sharma Don Frei Pascal Jabbour Nabeel Herial Fawaz Al-Mufti Atilla ozcan ozdemir ozlem Aykac Dheeraj Gandhi Chandril Chugh Charles Matouk Pascale Lavoie Randall Edgell Andre Beer-Furlan Michael Chen Monika Killer-oberpfalzer Vitor Mendes Pereira Patrick Nicholson Vikram Huded Nobuyuki ohara Daisuke Watanabe Dong Hun Shin Pedro SC Magalhaes Raghid Kikano Santiago ortega-Gutierrez Mudassir Farooqui Amal Abou-Hamden Tatsuo Amano Ryoo Yamamoto Adrienne Weeks Elena A Cora Rotem Sivan-Hoffmann Roberto Crosa Markus Möhlenbruch simon Nagel Hosam Al-Jehani Sunil A Sheth Victor S Lopez Rivera James E Siegler Achmad Fidaus Sani Ajit S Puri Anna Luisa Kuhn Gianmarco Bernava Paolo Machi Daniel G Abud octavio M Pontes-Neto Ajay K Wakhloo Barbara Voetsch Eytan Raz Shadi Yaghi Brijesh P Mehta Naoto Kimura Mamoru Murakami Jin Soo Lee Ji Man Hong Robert Fahed Gregory Walker Eiji Hagashi Steve M Cordina Hong Gee Roh Ken Wong Juan F Arenillas Mario Martinez-Galdamez Jordi Blasco Alejandro Rodriguez Vasquez Luisa Fonseca M Luis Silva Teddy Y Wu simon John Alex Brehm Marios Psychogios William J Mack Matthew Tenser Tatemi Todaka Miki Fujimura Roberta Novakovic Jun Deguchi Yuri Sugiura Hiroshi Tokimura Rakesh Khatri Michael Kelly Lissa Peeling Yuichi Murayama Hugh Stephen Winters Johnny Wong Mohamed Teleb Jeremy Payne Hiroki Fukuda Kosuke Miyake Junsuke Shimbo Yusuke Sug Neurology RadiologyBoston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Neurology Marcus Stroke&Neuroscience CenterGrady Memorial HospitalEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Radiology Radiation OncologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA Neurology National Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan Neurosurgery National Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan Neurology Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Radiology Boston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology Xinqiao HospitalChongqingChina Neurosurgery University of Cape TownRondeboschWestern CapeSouth Africa Neurosurgery Interventional NeuroradiologyClinica La Sagrada FamiliaBuenos AiresArgentina Neuroradiologie Neurologie VasculaireHospices Civils de LyonLyonAuvergne-Rhône AlpesFrance Neurologie Vasculaire Hospices Civils de LyonLyonAuvergne-Rhône AlpesFrance Interventional Neuroradiology Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de RothschildParisÎle-de FranceFrance Neurology Hospital Geral de FortalezaFortalezaBrazil Interventional Neuroradiology Hospital Geral de FortalezaFortalezaBrazil Neuroradiology Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Department of Neurosurgery Kobe City Medical Center General HospitalKobeHyogoJapan Interventional Neurovascular Unit University Hospital CareggiFirenzeToscanaItaly Neuroradiology University Hospital Centre ZagrebZagrebCroatia Interventional Neuroradiology Hopital BicetreLe Kremlin-BicetreFrance Stroke and Interventional Neuroradiology Lahore General HospitalLahorePakistan Neurological Institute Cleveland Clinic Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Department of Radiology Beaumont HospitalDublinIreland Neurology Stroke UnitHospital-Estadual CentralVitoriaBrazil Neuroradiology Instituto de Neurocirugia Dr AsengoSantiagoChile Interventional Neuroradiology Institut National de NeurologieTunisTunisia Neurology Boston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Neurosurgery Boston Medical Center

Background During the CoVID-19 pandemic,decreased volumes of stroke admissions and mechanical thrombectomy were *** study’s objective was to examine whether subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH)hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions demonstrated similar *** We conducted a cross-sectional,retrospective,observational study across 6 continents,37 countries and 140 comprehensive stroke *** with the diagnosis of SAH,aneurysmal SAH,ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions and CoVID-19 were identified by prospective aneurysm databases or by International Classification of Diseases,10th Revision,*** 3-month cumulative volume,monthly volumes for SAH hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling procedures were compared for the period before(1 year and immediately before)and during the pandemic,defined as 1 March-31 May *** prior 1-year control period(1 March-31 May 2019)was obtained to account for seasonal *** There was a significant decline in SAH hospitalisations,with 2044 admissions in the 3 months immediately before and 1585 admissions during the pandemic,representing a relative decline of 22.5%(95%CI−24.3%to−20.7%,polisation of ruptured aneurysms declined with 1170-1035 procedures,respectively,representing an 11.5%(95%CI−13.5%to−9.8%,p=0.002)relative *** analysis was noted for aneurysmal SAH hospitalisation decline from 834 to 626 hospitalisations,a 24.9%relative decline(95%CI−28.0%to−22.1%,poiling was noted in low coiling volume hospitals of 41.1%(95%CI 32.3%to 50.6%,p=0.008)despite a decrease in SAH admissions in this *** There was a relative decrease in the volume of SAH hospitalisations,aneurysmal SAH hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm embolisations during the CoVID-19 *** findings in SAH are consistent with a decrease in other emergencies,such as stroke and myocardial infarction.

关键词： diagnosis representing subarachnoid

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艺术的扩张旧金山现代博物馆扩建项目

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室内设计与装修 2016年第7期 72-77页

作者： [挪]snohetta violet(编译) Craig Dykers Aaron Dorf Lara Kauiman Jon McNeal simon Ewings Alan Gordon Marianne Lau Elaine Molinar Kjetil Traedal Thorsen Nick Anderson Behrang Behin Sam Brisette Chad Carpenter Michael Cotton Aroussiak Gabrielian Kyle Johnson Nick Koster Mario Mohan Neda Mostafavi Anne-Rachel Schiffmann Carrie Tsang Giancarlo Valle Henrik Kam(摄影) Iwan Baan(摄影) 无不详 Joe Fletcher courtesy SFMoMA

自成立的25年以来,Sn（o）hetta建筑事务所一直致力于大型公共文化空间的设计开发,它们坚持跨学科的设计实践理念,将建筑和周围景观进行融合式设计.2016年5月14日开馆的旧金山当代艺术博物馆（SFMoMA）扩建项目是他们最新的设计力作.

关键词：艺术博物馆扩建项目旧金山建筑事务所设计实践文化空间跨学科

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六方晶型MgTio_3温致微结构变化及其原位拉曼光谱研究

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物理学报 2011年第10期60卷 319-325页

作者：王丽红尤静林王媛媛郑少波西蒙.派特里克侯敏季自方上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海200072 法国国家科学研究中心高温和辐射研究所 45071 奥尔良大学

采用固相烧结法制备了六方晶型结构的MgTio3粉体.经高温原位X射线衍射分析(293—1473K)进行了表征与确认,获得了晶胞参数及其随温度的变化,测量了高温原位拉曼光谱(273—1623K),并运用第一性原理理论计算方法对应核实了拉曼谱峰的归属.... 详细信息

采用固相烧结法制备了六方晶型结构的MgTio3粉体.经高温原位X射线衍射分析(293—1473K)进行了表征与确认,获得了晶胞参数及其随温度的变化,测量了高温原位拉曼光谱(273—1623K),并运用第一性原理理论计算方法对应核实了拉曼谱峰的归属.结果表明,随着温度升高,MgTio3晶面间距和晶格常数增大,从而反映对于拉曼光谱较为敏感的键长和键角的变化;温致拉曼位移可以反映Ti—o,Mg—o等键长以及Ti—o—Ti,Ti—o—Mg与Mg—o—Mg等键角随温度的细微变化,相关关系则独立于温度,有效提升了原位拉曼光谱微探针诊断技术的分析能力;拉曼谱峰随温度升高而展宽,表明原子瞬间运动振幅加剧,弥散性增加,稳定性有所下降,但仍维持六方晶型.

关键词： MgTio3 微结构拉曼光谱高温

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收缩期前瞻性心电门控双源CT血管成像评价心脏移植受者的冠状动脉

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国际医学放射学杂志 2011年第6期 600-600页

作者： G.Bastarrika J.Broncano M.Arraiza P.M.Azcárate I.simon-Yarza B.G.L.Praschker 张芳 Department of Radiology Clínica Universidad de NavarraAvenida Pío XIIUSA

目的评价心脏原位移植受者前瞻性心电门控冠状动脉CT血管成像的可行性、影像质量和辐射剂量。方法连续选取47例心脏原位移植受者[男40例,平均年龄(62.1±10.9)岁,平均心率(86.3±14.4)次/min]进行心动周期为35%～

关键词： CT扫描 X线心脏移植冠状动脉血管成像辐射

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Measurements of dihadron correlations relative to the event plane in Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=200 GeV

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第4期45卷 198-241页

作者： H.Agakishiev M.M.Aggarwal Z.Ahammed A.V.Alakhverdyants I.Alekseev J.Alford B.D.Anderson C.D.Anson D.Arkhipkin G.S.Averichev J.Balewski D.R.Beavis N.K.Behera R.Bellwied M.J.Betancourt R.R.Betts A.Bhasin A.K.Bhat H.Bichsel J.Bieleik J.Bielcikova B.Biritz L.C.Bland W.Borowski J.Bouchet E.Braidot A.V.Brandin A.Bridgeman S.G.Brovko E.Bruna S.Bueltmann I.Bunzarov T.P.Burton X.Z.Cai H.Caines M.Calderon de la Barca Sanchez D.Cebra R.Cendejas M.C.Cervantes Z.Chajecki P.Chaloupka S.Chattopadhyay H.F.Chen J.H.Chen J.Y.Chen L.Chen J.Cheng M.Cherney A.Chikanian K.E.Choi W.Christie P.Chung M.J.M.Codrington R.Corliss J.G.Cramer H.J.Crawford S.Dash A.Davila Leyva L.C.De Silvat R.R.Debbe T.G.Dedovich A.A.Derevschikov R.Derradi de Souza L.Didenko P.Djawotho S.M.Dogra X.Dong J.L.Drachenberg J.E.Draper J.C.Dunlop L.G Efimov M.Elnim J.Engelage G Eppley M.Estienne L.Eun o.Evdokimov R.Fatemi J.Fedorisin A.Feng R.G.Fersch P.Filip E.Finch V.Fine Y.Fisyak C.A.Gagliardi D.R.Gangadharan A.Geromitsos F.Geurts P.Ghosh Y.N.Gorbunov A.Gordon o.Grebenyuk D.Grosnick S.M.Guertin A.Gupta W.Guryn B.Haag o.Hajkova A.Hamed L-X.Han J.W.Harris J.P.Hays-Wehle M.Heinz S.Heppelmann A.Hirsch E.Hjort G.W.Hoffmann D.J.Hofiman B.Huang H.Z.Huang T.J.Humanic L.Huo G.Igo P.Jacobs W.W.Jacobs C.Jena F.Jin J.Joseph E.G.Judd S.Kabana K.Kang J.Kapitan K.Kauder H.Ke D.Keane A.Kechechyan D.Kettler D.P.Kikola J.Kiryluk A.Kisiel V.Kizka A.G.Knospe D.D.Koetke T.Kollegger J.Konzer I.Koralt L.Koroleva W.Korsch L.Kotchenda V.Kouchpil P.Kravtsov K.Krueger M.Krus L.Kumar P.Kurnadi M.A.C.Lamont J.M.Landgraf S.LaPointe J.Lauret A.Lebedev R.Lednicky J.H.Lee W.Leight M.J.LeVine C.Lil L.Li N.Li W.Li X.Li X.Li Y.Li Z.M.Li M.A.Lisa F.Liu H.Liu J.Liu T.Ljubicic W.J.Llope R.S.Longacre W.A.Love Y.Lu E.V.Lukashov X.Luo G.L.Ma Y.G.Mai D.P.Mahapatra R.Majka o.I.Mall L.K.Mangotra R.Manweiler S.Margetis C.Markert H.Masui H.S.Matis Yu.A.Matulenko D.MeDonald T.S.McShane A.Meschanin R.Milner N.G.Minaev S.Mioduszewski A.Mischke M.K.Mitrovski B.Mohanty M.M.Mondal B.Morozov D.A.Morozov M.G.Munhoz M Argonne National Laboratory Argonnellinois 60439USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA University of Califomia BerkeleyCaliformnia 94720USA University of California DavisCalifornia 95616USA University of Califormnia Los AngelesCalifomia 90095USA Universidade Estadual de Campinas Sao PauloBrazil University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIlinois 60607USA Creighton University OmahaNebraska 68178USA Czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPrague11519Czech Republic Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR 25068 Rez/PragueCzech Republic University of Frankfurt FrankfurtGermany Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar 751005India Indian Institute of Technology MumbaiIndia Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47408USA Alikhanov Instiute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics MoscowRussia University of Jammu Jammu 180001India Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980Russia Kent State University KentOhio 44242USA University of Kentucky LexingtonKentucky40506-0055USA Institute of Modern Physics LanzhouChina Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA 02139-4307USA Mx-Planck-Institut fir Physik MunichGermany Michigan State University East LansingMichigan 48824USA Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Moscow Russia NIKHEF and Utrecht University AmsterdamThe Netherlands ohio State University ColumbusOhio 43210USA old Dominion University NorfolkVA23529USA Panjab University Chandigarh 160014India PennsyIvania State University University ParkPennsylvania 16802USA Institute of High Energy Physics ProtvinoRussia Purdue University West LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Pusan National University PusanRepublic of Korea University of Rajasthan Jaipur 302004India Rice University HoustonTexas 77251USA Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao PauloBrazil University of Science&Technology of China Hefei 230026.China Shandong University JinanShandong 250100China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Shanghai 201800Chi

Dihadron azimuthal correlations containing a high transverse momentum(pr)trigger particle are sensit-ive to the properties of the nuclear medium created at RHIC through the strong interactions occurring between the traversing parton and the medium,*** measurements revealed a strong modification to di-hadron azimuthal correlations in Au+Au collisions with respect to ptp and d+Au *** modification in-creases with the collision centrality,suggesting a path-length or energy density dependence to the je-quenching *** paper reports STAR measurements of dihadron azimuthal correlations in mid-central(20%-60%)Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=200 GeV as a function of the trigger particle's azimuthal angle relative to the event plane,Ф_(s)=|Ф_(t)-ψ_(Ep)|.The azimuthal correlation is studied as a function of both the trigger and associated particle *** subtractions of the combinatorial background and anisotropic flow,assuming Zero Yield At Minimum(ZYAM),are *** correlation results are first discussed with subtraction of the even harmonic(elliptic and quadrangu-lar)flow *** away-side correlation is strongly modifed,and the modification varies withФ_(s),with a double-peak structure for out-of-plane trigger *** near-side ridge(long range pseudo-rapidity△_(η)correla-tion)appears to drop with increasingФ_(s)while the jet-like component remains approximately *** correla-tion functions are further studied with the subtraction of odd harmonic triangular flow background arising from *** is found that the triangular flow,while responsible for the majority of the amplitudes,is not sufficient to explain theφs-dependence of the ridge or the away-side double-peak *** dropping ridge withФ_(s)could be attributed to aФ_(s)-dependent lliptie anisotropy;however,the physics mechanism of the ridge remains an open *** with aФ_(s)-dependent elliptic flow,the away-side correlation structure

关键词： relativistic heavy ion collisions dihadron correlations jet-medium interactions anisotropic flow background event plane

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Mineralogical and geochemical evidence for coupled bacterial uranium mineralization and hydrocarbon oxidation in the Shashagetai deposit,NW China

Mineralogical and geochemical evidence for coupled bacterial...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2007学术年会

作者： Chunfang Cai~(a,*),Hailiang Dong~b,Hongtao Li~a,Xinjian Xiao~c, Guanxi ou~c,Chunming Zhang~d a Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,P.o.Box 9825, Beitucheng Xilu No.19,Chaoyang District,Beijing 100029,PR China b Department of Geology,Miami University,oxford,oH 45056,USA c Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,Beijing 100029,PR China d Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for oil and Gas Resources(Yangtze University),Ministry of Education, Jingzhou,Hubei 434023,PR China

Unusual mineral structures have recently been found in a sandstone-hosted roll-type uranium deposit in the Middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formation in the Shashagetai deposit,the northern ordos basin,NW *** structures possess a chemical composition and crystal structure characteristic of mineral coffinite[(USio)(oH)],which occurs as nanoparticles with size ranging from 5 to 25 *** structures are interpreted to be fossilized microorganisms,based on mineralogical biosignatures including morphology,size,occurrence of biogenic coffinite as nano-crystals,and biological elements such as *** intimate intergrowth of coffinite with secondary pyrite of bacterial origin,as defined by lowδS values,and calcite cements with petroleum-derived carbon supports its biogenic *** inclusions in the host sandstone are characterized by abundant n-alkanes,slightly increased Pr/nC and Ph/nC ratios,significant amounts of demethylated hopanes and tricyclic terpanes,and the existence of unresolved complex *** characteristics are interpreted to be a result of mixing of an earlier,heavily degraded oil with a later charged fresh oil;subsequently the oils were slightly *** lines of evidence lead to the proposal that the reduction of sulfate and oxidization of petroleum are likely synchronous with reduction of hexavalent[U(Ⅵ)]to tetravalent[U(Ⅳ)]uranium by sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB).The discovery of a natural association of microorganism-like structures,a uranium mineral,and biodegraded petroleum has implications for uranium biomineralization and fossil fuel exploration.

关键词： Uranium deposit Anaerobic petroleum oxidation Sulfate-reducing bacteria Nanoparticle Microfossil Sulfur isotopes

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