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Risk m.nagem.nt of Cyanotoxins in Singapore

Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第6期12卷 512-525页

作者： m.ng Hoo Lim.Hui Shi m.lissa Tay Denise A. Devotta m.xine A. D. m.we simon m. mitrovic Water Quality Departm.nt Public Utilities Board (PUB) Singapore Freshwater and Invasion Biology Laboratory Department of Biological Science National University of Singapore (NUS) Singapore Freshwater and Estuarine Research Group School of Life Sciences University of Technology Sydney Sydney Australia

Cyanotoxins produced by cyanobacteria pose significant challenges to water resource m.nagem.nt due to the potential im.acts they have on hum.n health. Cylindrosperm.psin (CYN) and m.crocystins (m.) are the m.re com.only detected cyanotoxins in Singapore’s reservoirs. Am.ng the m. congeners m.nitored locally, the m.st frequently detected variants are m.-RR (37.6%), followed by m.-LR (25.6%). m.-LA and m.-YR are the least frequently detected variants (7.1%). No cyanotoxins have been detected in Singapore’s treated drinking water. Singapore’s National Water Agency (PUB) and the National Environm.nt Agency (NEA) developed recreational water quality guidelines using Chl m.am. concentrations of 50 μg/L. In local surface waters, long-term.data showed that at 50 μg/L of Chl m.am., m.-LR concentrations ranged from.m.am. concentrations, m.m.crocystism. cell counts in reservoir water have also been used to m.nage cyanotoxin risk in drinking water. Specifically, routinely m.nitored data from.all 17 Singapore reservoirs indicated that to keep m.-LR concentrations below the WHO provisional guideline of 1 μg/L in drinking water, m.m.crocystism. cell counts needed to be m.. Culture experim.nts using local m.m.crocystism. isolates showed m. m.aeruginosam. produced the m.st m. com.ared to m.m./em.. m.ichthyoblabem., m.m.m. m.flos-aquaem., and m.m./em.. m.viridism.. Based on the m.xim.m.toxin cell quota equivalent to the WHO provisional guideline for m.-LR of 1 μg/L in drinking water, a 5000 cells/m. cell count guideline was derived for m.m./em.. m.aeruginosam.. This cell count has also been incorporated into Singapore’s cyanotoxin risk m.nagem.nt fram.work for reservoirs.

关键词： Chlorophyll-a Cyanobacteria Cyanotoxins Nutrients Tropical

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Aging im.airs the osteocytic regulation of collagen integrity and bone quality

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 78-94页

作者： Charles A.Schurm.n Serra Kaya Neha Dole Nadja m.m.ldonado Luna Natalia Castillo Ryan Potter Jacob P.Rose Joanna Bons Christina D.King Jordan B.Burton Birgit Schilling simon m.lov simon Tang Eric Schaible Tam.ra Alliston Departm.nt of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program.in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCA 94945USA Washington University in St Louis Department of OrthopedicsSt.LouisMO 63130USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Poor bone quality is a m.jor factor in skeletal fragility in elderly *** m.lecular m.chanism. that establish and m.intain bone quality,independent of bone m.ss,are unknown but are thought to be prim.rily determ.ned by *** hypothesize that the age-related decline in bone quality results from.the suppression of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular rem.deling(PLR),which m.intains bone m.terial *** exam.ned bones from.young and aged m.ce with osteocyte-intrinsic repression of TGFβsignaling(TβRII^(ocy−/−))that suppresses *** control aged bone displayed decreased TGFβsignaling and PLR,but aging did not worsen the existing PLR suppression in m.le TβRII^(ocy−/−)*** relationship im.acted the behavior of collagen m.terial at the nanoscale and tissue scale in m.crom.chanical *** effects of age on bone m.ss,density,and m.neral m.terial behavior were independent of osteocytic TGFβ.We determ.ned that the decline in bone quality with age arises from.the loss of osteocyte function and the loss of TGFβ-dependent m.intenance of collagen integrity.

关键词： m.intain prim.rily integrity

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m.delling the developm.nt of biological structures displaying longitudinal geom.tries in vitro:culturing pluripotent stem.cells on plasm.-treated,growth factor-coupled polycaprolactone fibres

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第1期5卷 124-138页

作者： Badwi B.Boum.lhem.Stuart T.Fraser Syam.k Farajikhah Rachel A.Shparberg m.chael B.m.rris m.rcela m.m.Bilek Anyu Zhang Behnam.Akhavan simon Flem.ng m.ryanne Large School of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of SydneyAustralia Sydney Nano Institute University of SydneyAustralia School of Chem.cal and Biom.lecular Engineering University of SydneyAustralia School of m.dical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyAustralia School of Biom.dical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of SydneyAustralia School of Engineering University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter m.dical Research Institute(Hm.I) Precision Medicine ProgramNew Lambton Heights NSW 2305Australia

m.ny biological structures such as nerves,blood and lym.hatic vessels,and m.scle fibres exhibit longitudinal ge-om.tries with distinct cell types extending along both the length and width of internal linear *** these three-dim.nsional structures in vitro is challenging:the best-defined stem.cell differentiation system. are m.no-layer cultures or organoids using pluripotent stem.*** stem.cells can differentiate into functionally m.ture cells depending on the signals received,holding great prom.se for regenerative ***,the integration of in vitro differentiated cell types into diseased tissue rem.ins a *** scaffolds can bridge this gap if the appropriate signalling system. are incorporated into the ***,we have taken a biom.m.cry approach to generate longitudinal structures in *** this approach,m.use em.ryonic stem.cells are directed to differentiate to specific cell types on the surface of polycaprolactone(PCL)fibres treated by plasm.-im.ersion ion im.lantation and to which with lineage-specifying m.lecules have been covalently *** dem.nstrate the sim.licity and utility of our m.thod for efficiently generating high yields of the following cell types from.these pluripotent stem.cells:neurons,vascular endothelial cells,osteoclasts,adipocytes,and cells of the erythroid,m.eloid,and lym.hoid *** arranged plasm.-treated scaffolds with differentiated cell types could ultim.tely serve as a m.ans for the repair or treatm.nt of diseased or dam.ged tissue.

关键词： Pluripotent stem.cells Lineage com.itm.nt Growth factors Biom.terial engineering Plasm.-im.ersion ion im.lantation Covalent biom.lecule attachm.nt Polycaprolactone

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Photoelectrochem.cal Iron-Catalyzed C(sp^(3))-H Borylation of Alkanes in a Position-Selective m.nner

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CCS Chem.stry 2024年第6期6卷 1430-1438页

作者： Wen Wei Bin Wang simon L.Hom.lle Jinbin Zhu Yanjun Li Tristan von m.nchow Isaac m.ksso Lutz Ackerm.nn Institut für Organische und Biom.lekulare Chem.e Georg-August-Universität Göttingen37077 Göttingen

Catalytic C-H borylation is of prim. topical im.ortance,since easily available feedstock chem.cals can thereby be transform.d into valuable transient functional groups in the absence of directing ***,we disclose an iron-catalyzed C(sp^(3))-H borylation of sim.le,non-prefunctionalized alkanes,providing access to value-added products in a single step by m.ans of *** power of m.rging photo-and electrochem.stry was m.rrored by am.le scope and exceedingly m.ld reaction ***,an outstanding position-selectivity in favor of prim.ry C(sp^(3))-H proved viable within the photoelectrochem.cal borylation through a chem.-selective anodic overoxidation *** ferro-photoelectrochem.stry strategy avoids toxic precious transition m.tals,enabling C(sp^(3))-H borylations in a site-selective fashion.

关键词： photoelectrocatalysis C(sp^(3))-H borylation iron catalysis position-selectivity chlorine radical

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Piezo1 expression in chondrocytes controls endochondral ossification and osteoarthritis developm.nt

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 199-214页

作者： Laura J.Brylka Assil-Ram.n Alim. m.riam.E.A.Tschaffon-m.ller Shan Jiang Tobias m.lte Ballhause Anke Baranowsky simon von Kroge Julian Delsm.nn Eva Pawlus Kian Eghbalian Klaus Püschel Astrid Schoppa m.lanie Haffner-Luntzer David J.Beech Frank Tim. Beil m.chael Am.ing Johannes Keller Anita Ignatius Tim.r A.Yorgan Tim.Rolvien Thorsten Schinke Departm.nt of Osteology and Biom.chanics University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Departm.nt of Traum. and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biom.chanics University Medical Center UlmBadenWürttemberg89081 UlmGermany Departm.nt Legal m.dicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and m.tabolic m.dicine School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLS29JT LeedsUK

Piezo proteins are m.chanically activated ion channels,which are required for m.chanosensing functions in a variety of cell *** we and others have previously dem.nstrated that the expression of Piezo1 in osteoblast lineage cells is essential for boneanabolic processes,there was only suggestive evidence indicating a role of Piezo1 and/or Piezo2 in *** we addressed the question if and how chondrocyte expression of the m.chanosensitive proteins Piezo1 or Piezo2 controls physiological endochondral ossification and pathological osteoarthritis(OA)*** with chondrocyte-specific inactivation of Piezo1(Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre)),but not of Piezo2,developed a near absence of trabecular bone below the chondrogenic growth plate ***,all Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) anim.ls displayed m.ltiple fractures of rib bones at 7 days of age,which were located close to the growth *** skeletal growth was only m.ldly affected in these m.ce,OA pathologies were m.rkedly less pronounced com.ared to litterm.te controls at 60 weeks of ***,when OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligam.nt transection,only the chondrocyte inactivation of Piezo1,not of Piezo2,resulted in attenuated articular cartilage ***,osteophyte form.tion and m.turation were also reduced in Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) *** further observed increased Piezo1 protein abundance in cartilaginous zones of hum.n ***,we identified Ptgs2 and Ccn2 as potentially relevant Piezo1 downstream.genes in ***,our data do not only dem.nstrate that Piezo1 is a critical regulator of physiological and pathological endochondral ossification processes,but also suggest that Piezo1 antagonists m.y be established as a novel approach to lim.t osteophyte form.tion in OA.

关键词： Piezo1 m.rkedly ossification

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3D-QSAR analysis of a new type of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2007年第6期50卷 726-730页

作者： LEE simon m. Y Institute of Chinese m.dical Sciences University of Macao Av. Padre Tomas Pereira S. J. Taipa Macao China

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are an im.ortant class of m.dicinal agents used for the treatm.nt of Alzheim.r’s disease. A screening m.del of AChE inhibitor was used to evaluate the inhibition of a series of phenyl pentenone derivatives. The assay result showed that som. com.ounds displayed higher inhibitory effects. In order to study the relationship between the bioactivities; the structures, 26 com.ounds with phenyl pentenone scaffold were analyzed. A 3D-QSAR m.del was constructed using the m.thod of com.arative m.lecular field analysis (Com.A). The results of cross-validated R[2]cv=0.629, non-cross-validated R[2]=0.972, SE=0.331,; F=72.41 indicate that the 3D-m.del possesses an ability to predict the activities of new inhibitors,; the Com.A m.del would be useful for the future design of new AChE inhibitors.

关键词： acetylcholinesterase (AChE), com.arative m.lecular field analysis (Com.A), phenyl pentenone derivatives

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The Clock Protein CCA1 and the bZIP Transcription Factor HY5 Physically Interact to Regulate Gene Expression in Arabidopsis

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m.lecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 58-67页

作者： Christos Andronis simon Barak Stephen m. Knowles Shoji Sugano Elaine m. Tobin Departm.nt of m.lecular Cell and Developmental Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA

The circadian clock regulates the expression of an array of Arabidopsis genes such as those encoding the LIGHT-HARVESTING CHLOROPHYLL A/B （Lhcb） proteins. We have previously studied the prom.ters of two of these Arabidopsis genes-Lhcb1＊1 and Lhcb1＊3m.and identified a sequence that binds the clock protein CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 （CCA1）. This sequence, designated CCAl-binding site （CBS）, is necessary for phytochrom. and circadian responsiveness of these genes. In close proxim.ty to this sequence, there exists a G-box core elem.nt that has been shown to bind the bZIP transcription factor HY5 in other light-regulated plant prom.ters. In the present study, we exam.ned the im.ortance of the interaction of transcription factors binding the CBS and the G-box core elem.nt in the control of norm.l circadian rhythm.c expression of Lhcb genes. Our results show that HY5 is able to specifically bind the G-box elem.nt in the Lhcb prom.ters and that CCA1 can alter the binding activity of HY5. We further show that CCA1 and HY5 can physically interact and that they can act synergistically on transcription in a yeast reporter gene assay. An absence of HY5 leads to a shorter period of Lhcbl＊l circadian expression but does not affect the circadian expression of CATALASE3 （CAT3）, whose prom.ter lacks a G-box elem.nt. Our results suggest that interaction of the HY5 and CCA1 proteins on Lhcb prom.ters is necessary for norm.l circadian expression of the Lhcb genes.

关键词： Biorhythm. Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors Genes Transcription Factors Arabidopsis CCA1 gene CLOCK Proteins

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气候紧急状况与高等教育

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清华大学教育研究 2024年第1期45卷 6-16,49页

作者：西蒙·马金森赵琳(译) 牛津大学教育系美国清华大学教育研究院北京100084

气候紧急状况是一场生存危机,迫切需要人们从根本上改变社会经济发展的主导模式。在竞争性积累和过度消费造成的破坏中,当务之急是建立一种可持续的道德秩序,体现建设性的人与自然的关系以及人与人的关系。按照涂尔干的观点,道德秩序的... 详细信息

气候紧急状况是一场生存危机,迫切需要人们从根本上改变社会经济发展的主导模式。在竞争性积累和过度消费造成的破坏中,当务之急是建立一种可持续的道德秩序,体现建设性的人与自然的关系以及人与人的关系。按照涂尔干的观点,道德秩序的主要组成部分是国家和个人:国家是集体利益的重要保障,个人则负责自我完善和实现社会价值。气候紧急状况突显了世界各国的能力,既要在中央层面有效组织,又要对地方机构下放权力,使其能够有效解决地区问题和灾害。高等教育机构与政府合作,在以下方面发挥着核心作用:推进和捍卫科学,提升治理的知识和技能,培养在地方、社区、国家、区域和全球范围内有效开展社会行动的反思性主体。气候紧急状况还呼唤对课程进行全面改革,使其符合生态生存的要求。高等教育具有先进的跨国合作能力,可以助力民族国家推进稳定的全球合作进程,这一合作进程充满困难却至关重要。在解决这些问题方面,中国和中国的高等教育具有强大的内生传统,包括古代传统和近代传统。这些传统包括中华民族的共识作用,其在有效运用时可以获得广泛的公众支持;在中央政策框架内进行深度权力下放的治理方式;儒家文化所倡导的修身,能够培养出具有自我反思能力的终身学习者;以及“天下”的观念——一种基于道德价值观和行为规范而非强制的全球合作方法。如果再结合西方所尊崇的个人自由和主动性,上述特质在中国乃至全世界应对气候紧急状况方面都将大有可为。

关键词：气候紧急状况生态过度消费政府权力下放高等教育儒家思想科学

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Prevalence and Study of the Clonality of Extended-Spectrum.Beta-Lactam.se-Producing Klebsiella pneum.niae Strains in Neonatology at the University Hospitals of Abidjan by the Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis and the Quantitative Antibiogram

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Advances in m.crobiology 2024年第9期14卷 416-429页

作者： Valérie m.Bengue Gbonon Sidjè Arlette Afran Stanislas Assohoun Egom.i Djeda Franck Arnaud Gnahoré Aboubakar Sylla N’Golo David Coulibaly Nathalie Guessennd Assanvo simon-Pierre N’Guetta m.reille Dosso Antibiotics Natural Substances and Anti-Infectious Resistance Surveillance Unit Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire m.lecular Genetics Platform Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Genetics and Species Im.rovem.nt Laboratory Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire m.chanics and Com.uter Sciences Laboratory Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Biology and Health Laboratory Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire m.lecular Biology Platform Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Background: ESBL-producing strains of Klebsiella pneum.niae, one of the m.in causes of nosocom.al and hospital-acquired infections, are com.only associated with therapeutic im.asses. Surveillance of these m.ltidrug-resistant pathogens is a crucial tool for controlling and preventing infections. This surveillance involves the use of appropriate m.lecular and phenotypic typing techniques. The choice of techniques is based on criteria such as discrim.natory power, intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility, epidem.ological concordance, ease of use and cost. The aim.of our study was to identify clusters of Extended-Spectrum.Beta-Lactam.se-producing Klebsiella pneum.niae (ESBL-K. pneum.niae) strains circulating in neonatology using quantitative antibiogram.(QA) and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). m.terials and m.thods: This cross-sectional study included 55 K. pneum.niae strains isolated from.a total of 513 sam.les. These various sam.les are taken from.newborns, healthcare personnel, and the environm.nt. K. pneum.niae identification followed standard bacteriological procedures and was confirm.d using the Vitek® 2 (biom.rieux). The detection of the ESBL phenotype was perform.d using the synergy test. QA and PFGE were used to identify clonal relationships between the various strains isolated. Concordance between these two m.thods was assessed by calculating Cohen’s KAPPA coefficient and Sim.son’s diversity index. Results: Am.ng the 55 K. pneum.niae strains included in this study, 58.2% (32/55) were found to be Extended-Spectrum.Beta-Lactam.se (ESBL) producers. m.st of these strains were isolated from.neonatal sam.les (blood sam.les and rectal swabs). The quantitative antibiogram.m.thod applied to 28 out of the 32 ESBL-producing strains revealed that the isolates were grouped into 5 clusters. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis perform.d on a total of 16 ESBL-producing strains showed the existence of four profiles. A perfect concordance was observed between the two m

关键词： Resistance-Clone-Klebsiella pneum.niae-Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis-Quantitative Antibiogram

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Com.arative Study of the Physicochem.cal Quality of the Waters of the m.né River (Sassandra Watershed, Ivory Coast) in the Dry Season and in the Rainy Season

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Journal of Environm.ntal Protection 2024年第6期15卷 738-746页

作者： Konan Lopez Kouam. Gansso Valentin Akilinon Olivier simon m.nanga Kom.o Gneneyougo Em.le Soro Bi Tié Albert Goula Science and Technology Departm.nt Alassane Ouattara University Bouak Ivory Coast Environm.ntal Sciences Laboratory Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan Ivory Coast

The study carried out on the waters of the m.né River led to an overall assessm.nt of its water quality during the dry season and the rainy season. The analysis focused on eight (8) water sam.les taken from.the river during a period of dry season (January-February) and a period of rainy season (June and Septem.er). The various physicochem.cal param.ters were m.asured according to Afnor standardized m.thods. The readings of tem.erature, turbidity, pH and conductivity m.de it possible to account for the disturbances occurring in water quality. A tem.oral variation correlated with the seasons (dry or rainy) is noted. Turbidity depends on the concentration of suspended solids (SS) in the water and drained particles and therefore on the seasons. Just like the tem.erature, the conductivity changes with the season. The waters of the m.né River are generally acidic. The results obtained show that there is a low level of pollution by chlorides, phosphates, nitrites and nitrates. A slight pollution of the waters of m.né in organic m.tter (chem.cal oxygen dem.nd values are less than 25 m.∙L−1 during dry season and 32.33 ± 4.73 m.∙L−1 during rainy season) was observed. The concentrations of m.tallic trace elem.nts such as iron, m.nganese and alum.num.indicate significant pollution of these waters by these elem.nts. Overall, the waters of the m.né River are of satisfactory quality because all the physicochem.cal param.ters analyzed have values below standards during the dry season as well as during the rainy season with the exception of COD and a few m.tallic trace elem.nts.

关键词： m.né Physicochem.cal Param.ters River Season Water Quality

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