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Identification of Differentially Senescing Mutants of Wheat and Impacts on Yield,Biomass and Nitrogen Partitioning

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第8期54卷 555-566页

作者： Adinda P.Derkx simon Orford simon Griffiths M.John Foulkes Malcolm J. Hawkesford Plant Biology and Crop Science Department Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenHertfordshireAL5 2JQUK Division of Plant&Crop Sciences School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusNr LoughboroughLE12 5RDUK John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkColneyNorwich NR4 7UHUK

Increasing photosynthetic capacity by extending canopy longevity during grain filling using slow senescing stay-green genotypes is a possible means to improve yield in wheat. Ethyl methanesulfonate （EMS） mutated wheat lines （Triticum aestivum l. cv. Paragon） were screened for fast and slow canopy senescence to investigate the impact on yield and nitrogen partitioning. Stay-green and fast-senescing lines with similar anthesis dates were characterised in detail. Delayed senescence was only apparent at higher nitrogen supply with low nitrogen supply enhancing the rate of senescence in all lines. In the stay-green line 3 （SG3）, on a whole plant basis, tiller and seed number increased whilst thousand grain weight （TGW） decreased; although a greater N uptake was observed in the main tiller, yield was not affected. In fast-senescing line 2 （FS2）, yield decreased, principally as a result of decreased TGW. Analysis of N-partitioning in the main stem indicated that although the slow-senescing line had lower biomass and consequently less nitrogen in all plant parts, the proportion of biomass and nitrogen in the flag leaf was greater at anthesis compared to the other lines; this contributed to the grain N and yield of the slow-senescing line at maturity in both the main tiller and in the whole plant. A field trial confirmed senescence patterns of the two lines, and the negative impact on yield for FS2 and a positive impact for SG3 at low N only. The lack of increased yield in the slow-senescing line was likely due to decreased biomass and additionally a possible sink limitation.

关键词： Wheat senescence stay-green grain-filling yield nitrogen.

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离子通道疗法在缺血性心脏病治疗中的应用

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中华心血管病杂志 2012年第3期40卷 254-255页

作者： C. Richard conti 美国弗罗里达大学心血管内科

基础研究显示有多种离子通道参与缺血性心脏病的发病机制，包括l型钙通道、T型钙通道、ATP敏感性钾通道、内向钠钾电流通道和晚钠电流通道。临床研究发现调控这些通道的功能可以改善心肌供血和心肌细胞代谢。本文对离子通道生物学研究... 详细信息

基础研究显示有多种离子通道参与缺血性心脏病的发病机制，包括l型钙通道、T型钙通道、ATP敏感性钾通道、内向钠钾电流通道和晚钠电流通道。临床研究发现调控这些通道的功能可以改善心肌供血和心肌细胞代谢。本文对离子通道生物学研究作一简要论述，同时对不同离子通道阻滞剂缺血性心脏病治疗中的应用进行回顾总结，以期临床重视这类药物的研究和应用。

关键词：离子通道阻滞剂缺血性心脏病应用治疗 ATP敏感性钾通道疗法心肌细胞代谢晚钠电流

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Management of occluded self-expanding biliary metal stents in malignant biliary disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第1期17卷 49-54页

作者： simon Nennstiel Isolde Tschurtschenthaler Bruno Neu Hana Algül Monther Bajbouj Roland M. Schmid Stefan von Delius Andreas Weber Klinik und Poliklinik fur Innere Medizin Ⅱ Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitar Manchen Ismaninger Straβe 22 Munich 81675 Germany Medizinische Klinik II Krankenhaus Landshut-Achdorf Academic Teaching Hospital Technische Universitar Munchen Achdorferweg 3 Landshut 84036Germany

Background: Occlusion of self-expanding metal stents(SEMS) in malignant biliary obstruction occurs in up to 40% of patients. This study aimed to compare the different techniques to resolve stent occlusion in our collective of ***: Patients with malignant biliary obstruction and occlusion of biliary metal stent at a tertiary referral endoscopic center were retrospectively identified between April 1, 1994 and May 31, 2014. The clinical records were further analyzed regarding the characteristics of patients, malignant strictures, SEMS,management strategies, stent patency, subsequent interventions, survival time and case ***: A total of 108 patients with biliary metal stent occlusion were identified. Seventy-nine of these patients were eligible for further analysis. Favored management was plastic stent insertion in 73.4% patients. Second SEMS were inserted in 12.7% patients. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and mechanical cleansing were conducted in a minority of patients. Further analysis showed no statistically significant difference in median overall secondary stent patency(88 vs. 143 days, P = 0.069), median survival time(95 vs. 192 days, P = 0.116), median subsequent intervention rate(53.4% vs. 40.0%, P = 0.501)and median case charge(€5145 vs. €3473, P = 0.803) for the treatment with a second metal stent insertion compared to plastic stent insertion. In patients with survival time of more than three months,significantly more patients treated with plastic stents needed re-interventions than patients treated with second SEMS(93.3% vs. 57.1%, P = 0.037).Conclusions: In malignant biliary strictures, both plastic and metal stent insertions are feasible strategies for the treatment of occluded SEMS. Our data suggest that in palliative biliary stenting, patients especially those with longer expected survival might benefit from second SEMS insertion. Careful patient selection is important to ensure a proper decision for either management

关键词： Self-expanding metal stents Biliary tract neoplasms Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Biliary tract diseases Complications

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The complexity of sediment recycling as revealed by common Pb isotopes in K-feldspar

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第5期9卷 1515-1527页

作者： simon P.Johnson Christopher l.Kirkland Noreen J.Evans Brad J.McDonald Huntly N.Cutten Geological Survey of Western Australia Mineral House100 Plain StreetEast PerthWestern Australia6004Australia Centre for Exploration Targeting-Curtin Node The Institute for Geoscience ResearchDepartment of Applied GeologyWestern Australian School of MinesCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6102Australia John de laeter Centre The Institute for Geoscience ResearchDepartment of Applied Geology and Applied PhysicsCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6102Australia

Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology has become the gold standard in evaluating source to sink relationships in sedimentary basins. However, the physical and chemical robustness of zircon, which make it such a useful mineral for provenance studies, is also a hindrance as zircon can be recycled through numerous sedimentary basins, thus obscuring the first cycle source to sink relationship. An elegant approach to addressing this potential issue is to compare the Pb isotope composition of detrital K-feldspar, a mineral which is unlikely to survive more than one erosion-transport-deposition cycle, with that of magmatic K-feldspar from potential basement source terranes. Here we present new in situ Pb isotope data on detrital K-feldspar from two Proterozoic arkosic sandstones from Western Australia, and magmatic K-feldspar grains from potential igneous source rocks, as inferred by the age and Hf isotope composition of detrital zircon grains. The data indicate that the detrital zircon and K-feldspar grains could not have been liberated from the same source rocks, and that the zircon has most likely been recycled through older sedimentary basins. These results provide a more complete understanding of apparently simple source to sink relationships in this part of Proterozoic Western Australia.

关键词： Detrital zircon K-feldspar Pb isotopes Sediment provenance Sediment recycling

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An algorithm for family screening for coeliac disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第48期12卷 7805-7809页

作者： Jocelyn S Fraser Alistair l King H Julia Ellis simon J Moodie Ingvar Bjarnason Jill Swift Paul J Ciclitira Division of Nutritional Sciences King's College London United Kingdom Division of Nutritional Sciences King’s College London United Kingdom

AIM: To assess the level of undiagnosed coeliac disease (CD) in relatives of patients affected by the condition. METHODS: We collected blood from 914 relatives of probands. We screened these individuals by ElISA for IgA and IgG tTG antibodies, confirming any positive IgA tTG results with an IgA EMA and looked for evidence of IgA deficiency in those who were IgG tTG positive alone, and performed IgG1 EMA in these individuals. We undertook HlA typing where positive screening was found, and this confirmed a strong prevalence of HlA- DQ2 in the coeliac population. Follow-up small intestinal biopsy was undertaken in cases with positive serological screening, wherever possible. RESUlTS:Use of this serological screening algorithm revealed a prevalence of undiagnosed CD in 5%-6% of first degree relatives of probands. CONClUSION:Our data suggests that first degree relatives of individuals with CD should be screened for this condition.

关键词： Coeliac disease Screening Endomysialantibody Familial study IgA deficiency Prevalence Tissue transglutaminase

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Evaluating organic acids as alternative leaching reagents for rare earth elements recovery from NdFeB magnets

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第4期41卷 621-631页

作者： Sahar Belfqueh Alain Seron simon Chapron Guilhem Arrachart Nourredine Menad BRGM Direction de l'Eaude l'Environnementdes Procédés et AnalysesOrleansFrance ICSM Univ.MontpellierCEACNRSENSCMMarcouleFrance

This study proposes an advanced leaching method using organic acids to recover rare earth elements(REEs)from NdFeB permanent magnets from end-of-life computers hard disk drives(HDDs).The end-oflife HDDs were first dismantled in order to recover NdFeB magnets,which were then thermally demagnetized at 350℃during 30 min before crushing in a ball mill under inert *** electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM/EDS)analyses performed on the NdFeB magnets show the heterogeneous structure containing the major matric phase Nd_(2)Fe_(14)B and the REEsrich phase containing Nd and Pr ***,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Mossbauer spectroscopy(MS)analyses on the ground NdFeB magnet show that grinding NdFeB magnets under inert atmosphere helps to minimize its *** analysis shows that the composition of the ground sample is Nd:22.8 wt%,Pr:3.3 wt%,Dy:1.2 wt%,Fe:62.6 wt%,Co:1.5 wt%,B:0.9 wt%,Ni:0.6 wt%.Diagrams of speciation and equilibrium phases(E_(h) ***)were calculated to determine the predominance of the formed species in the REEs-organic acids *** influence of the organic acid type(acetic acid,formic acid,citric acid and tartaric acid),the acid concentration(10 vol%,up to saturation),and the solid/liquid(S/l)ratio(0.5%-10%)on NdFeB magnets leaching was investigated employing an optimal experimental design conceived by the statistical software *** acid(CH_(3)COOH)shows the highest leaching performance of REEs,allowing leaching yields over 90%for Nd,Dy and Pr in the acid concentration range of 1.6-10 mol/l and the S/l ratio range of 0.5%-5%at a temperature of 60℃.The results presented in this investigation suggest that REEs can be recovered from magnets of end-of-life HDDs using an eco-friendly method assisted by organic acids.

关键词： NdFeB magnets Rare earth elements leaching Organic acids Acetic acid

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California Simulation of Evapotranspiration of Applied Water and Agricultural Energy Use in California

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第8期12卷 1371-1388页

作者： Morteza N Orang Richard l Snyder Shu Geng Quinn J Hart Sara Sarreshteh Matthias Falk Dylan Beaudette Scott Hayes simon Eching California Department of Water Resources Department of land Air and Water ResourcesUniversity of California School of Environment and Energy Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking University

The California Simulation of Evapotranspiration of Applied Water （CaI-SIMETAW） model is a new tool developed by the California Department of Water Resources and the University of California, Davis to perform daily soil water balance and determine crop evapotranspiration （ETo）, evapotranspiration of applied water （ETaw）, and applied water （AW） for use in California water resources planning. ETaw is a seasonal estimate of the water needed to irrigate a crop assuming 100% irrigation efficiency. The model accounts for soils, crop coefficients, rooting depths, seepage, etc. that influence crop water balance. It provides spatial soil and climate information and it uses historical crop and land-use category information to provide seasonal water balance estimates by combinations of detailed analysis unit and county （DAU/County） over Califomia. The result is a large data base of ETc and ETaw that will be used to update information in the new California Water Plan （CWP）. The application uses the daily climate data, i.e., maximum （Tx） and minimum （Tn） temperature and precipitation （Pcp）, which were derived from monthly USDA-NRCS PRISM data （PRISM Group 2011） and daily US National Climate Data Center （NCDC） climate station data to cover California on a 4 kmx4 km change grid spacing. The application uses daily weather data to determine reference evapotranspiration （ETo）, using the Hargreaves-Samani （HS） equation （Hargreaves and Samani 1982, 1985）. Because the HS equation is based on temperature only, ETo from the HS equation were compared with CIMIS ETo at the same locations using available CIMIS data to determine correction factors to estimate CIMIS ETo from the HS ETo to account for spatial climate differences. CaI-SIMETAW also employs near real-time reference evapotranspiration （ETo） information from Spatial CIMIS, which is a model that combines weather station data and remote sensing to provide a grid of ETo information. A second database containing the available soil water

关键词： soil water balance crop water requirements weather generator water resource planning crop coefficient energy use

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Development of a short duration method to assess the envelope thermal performance of multi-family housings

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Building Simulation 2023年第4期16卷 527-545页

作者： lorena de Carvalho Araujo simon Thébault laurent Mora Thomas Recht Alain Sempey Patrick Schalbart Michae Cohen CSTB 84 Av.Jean JauresChamps-sur-Marne77420France Bordeaux University 351 Cours de la LiberationTalence33405France MINES ParisTech Centre for Energy Efficiency of Systems5 rue Léon BlumPalaiseau91120France

Building energy efficiency is a key factor in reducing CO_(2) *** this reason,European Union(EU)member states have developed thermal regulations to ensure building thermal *** results are often based on results achieved with building simulation software during the design ***,the actual thermal performance can deviate significantly from the predicted one,and this difference is known as the energy performance *** indicators of the actual thermal performance are a valuable tool to guarantee building *** indicators,including the heat transfer coefficient(HTC)and the heat loss coefficient(HlC),can be estimated by the application of in situ *** multi-family housing and tertiary sector buildings are an important part of the building stock,mature methods to measure their thermal performance are *** paper presents a short-duration method for assessing the HTC in large building typologies using a sampling *** method was applied in a four-storey building model under different conditions to study the limits of the method and to improve indicator bias and *** quality was strongly influenced by the external weather conditions,the temperature variation during the protocol and the heat exchange with the adjacent *** winter conditions and with stable indoor temperatures,the method had a high accuracy when the protocol was applied for half a *** is recommended that the protocol be used over two days to improve indicator quality under less favorable test conditions.

关键词： building envelope thermal performance HTC estimation multi-family housing

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发展型H-半变分不等式解的存在性(英文)

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数学进展 2001年第1期30卷 47-55页

作者：刘振海 simon l 长沙电力学院数学系匈牙利EOTVOS大学

本文研究非线性发展型Ｈ－半变分不等式，即具有非凸泛函的抛物型变分不等式．这类问题的研究起源于力学．利用Ｃｌａｒｋｅ广义梯度和（Ｓ＋）型多值映象的不动点理论，我们证明了这类问题解的存在性．并利用这一理论，研究了具间断项... 详细信息

本文研究非线性发展型Ｈ－半变分不等式，即具有非凸泛函的抛物型变分不等式．这类问题的研究起源于力学．利用Ｃｌａｒｋｅ广义梯度和（Ｓ＋）型多值映象的不动点理论，我们证明了这类问题解的存在性．并利用这一理论，研究了具间断项的非线性抛物型方程解的存在性．

关键词：发展H-半变分不等式多值映象周期解解存在性非线性抛物型方程

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Mechanisms of autophagy activation in endothelial cell and their targeting during normothermic machine liver perfusion

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第48期23卷 8443-8451页

作者： Yuri l Boteon Richard laing Hynek Mergental Gary M Reynolds Darius F Mirza simon C Afford Ricky H Bhogal The liver Unit University Hospitals of BirminghamMindelsohn Way The Centre for liver Research Institute for Biomedical ResearchUniversity of Birmingham

Ischaemia-reperfusion injury(IRI) is the leading cause of injury seen in the liver following transplantation. IRI also causes injury following liver surgery and haemodynamic shock. The first cells within the liver to be injured by IRI are the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(lSEC). Recent evidence suggests that lSEC coordinate and regulates the livers response to a variety of injuries. It is becoming increasingly apparent that the cyto-protective cellular process of autophagy is a key regulator of IRI. In particular lSEC autophagy may be an essential gatekeeper to the development of IRI. The recent availability of liver perfusion devices has allowed for the therapeutic targeting of autophagy to reduce IRI. In particular normothermic machine liver perfusion(NMP-l) allow the delivery of pharmacological agents to donor livers whilst maintaining physiological temperature and hepatic flow rates. In this review we summarise the current understanding of endothelial autophagy and how this may be manipulated during NMP-l to reduce liver IRI.

关键词： Autophagy liver transplant Ischaemiareperfusion injury Normothermic machine liver perfusion

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