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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2015年第1期1卷 165-180页

作者： Andreas C.Fischer Fredrik Forsberg Martin Lapisa simon j.bleiker Göran Stemme Niclas Roxhed Frank Niklaus Department of Micro and Nanosystems School of Electrical EngineeringKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-10044 StockholmSweden

The majority of microelectromechanical system(MEMS)devices must be combined with integrated circuits(ICs)for operation in larger electronic *** MEMS transducers sense or control physical,optical or chemical quantities,ICs typically provide functionalities related to the signals of these transducers,such as analog-to-digital conversion,amplification,filtering and information processing as well as communication between the MEMS transducer and the outside ***,the vast majority of commercial MEMS products,such as accelerometers,gyroscopes and micro-mirror arrays,are integrated and packaged together with *** are a variety of possible methods of integrating and packaging MEMS and IC components,and the technology of choice strongly depends on the device,the field of application and the commercial *** this review paper,traditional as well as innovative and emerging approaches to MEMS and IC integration are *** include approaches based on the hybrid integration of multiple chips(multi-chip solutions)as well as system-on-chip solutions based on wafer-level monolithic integration and heterogeneous integration *** are important technological building blocks for the‘More-Than-Moore’paradigm described in the International Technology Roadmap for *** this paper,the various approaches are categorized in a coherent manner,their merits are discussed,and suitable application areas and implementations are critically *** implications of the different MEMS and IC integration approaches for packaging,testing and final system costs are reviewed.

关键词： cofabrication platforms integrated circuits(ICs) microelectromechanical system(MEMS) More-Than-Moore multichip modules(MCMs) system-in-package(SiP) system-on-chip(SoC) three-dimensional(3D)heterogeneous integration

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Wafer-level hermetically sealed silicon photonic MEMS

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Photonics Research 2022年第2期10卷 I0001-I0008页

作者： Gaehun jo Pierre Edinger simon j.bleiker Xiacxjing Wang Alain Yuji Takabayashi Hamed Sattari Niels Quack Moises jezzini jun Su Lee Peter Verheyen Iman Zand Umar Khan Wim Bogaerts Göran Stemme Kristinn B.Gylfason Frank Niklaus Division of Micro and Nanosystems KTH Royal Institute of Technology11428 StockholmSweden École Polytechnique Federate de Lausanne(EPFL) 1015 LausanneSwitzerland Tyndall National Institute Lee Maltings Complex Dyke ParadeT12 R5CP CorkIreland imec vzw.3DSIP Department Si Photonics GroupKapeldreef 753001 LeuvenBelgium Department of Information Technology Photonics Research GroupGhent University-IMEC9052 GentBelgium

The emerging fields of silicon(Si) photonic micro–electromechanical systems(MEMS) and optomechanics enable a wide range of novel high-performance photonic devices with ultra-low power consumption, such as integrated optical MEMS phase shifters, tunable couplers, switches, and optomechanical resonators. In contrast to conventional SiO;-clad Si photonics, photonic MEMS and optomechanics have suspended and movable parts that need to be protected from environmental influence and contamination during operation. Wafer-level hermetic sealing can be a cost-efficient solution, but Si photonic MEMS that are hermetically sealed inside cavities with optical and electrical feedthroughs have not been demonstrated to date, to our knowledge. Here, we demonstrate wafer-level vacuum sealing of Si photonic MEMS inside cavities with ultra-thin caps featuring optical and electrical feedthroughs that connect the photonic MEMS on the inside to optical grating couplers and electrical bond pads on the outside. We used Si photonic MEMS devices built on foundry wafers from the iSiPP50G Si photonics platform of IMEC, Belgium. Vacuum confinement inside the sealed cavities was confirmed by an observed increase of the cutoff frequency of the electro-mechanical response of the encapsulated photonic MEMS phase shifters, due to reduction of air damping. The sealing caps are extremely thin, have a small footprint, and are compatible with subsequent flip-chip bonding onto interposers or printed circuit boards. Thus, our approach for sealing of integrated Si photonic MEMS clears a significant hurdle for their application in high-performance Si photonic circuits.

关键词： sealed sealing bonding

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In situ characterization of particle formation in spray flame synthesis using wide-angle light scattering

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 304-312页

作者： simon Aβmann Franz j.T.Huber Stefan Will Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik(LTT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen91058Germany Erlangen Graduate Schoolin Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg(FAU)Erlangen91052Germany Competence Unit Engineering of Advanced Materials(EAM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen91052Germany

Wide-angle light scattering(WALS)was used for in situ measurements of droplet and nanoparticle size distributions during the synthesis of titania and iron oxide particles from liquid precursor solutions in the standardized SpraySyn burner for spray flame *** was synthesized from titanium tetraisopropoxide(TTIP)and iron oxide from iron(II)nitrate nonahydrate(INN)using ethanol(EtOH)as *** images were taken at heights up to 120 mm above the burner surface and classified into droplet and particle *** size distributions were derived from a sequential analysis of scattering data containing the oscillating Mie pattern,the lognormal size distribution parameters for spherical and fractal particle fractions from a multivariate approach on averaged particle scattering *** results show that the precursor addition leads to altered evaporation behavior and even droplet disruption probably induced by puffing or micro-explosions compared to pure *** the case of TTIP(a hygroscopic alkoxide),the synthesis of a large fraction of spheres was observed,while the nitrate INN leads to the formation of mostly fractal aggregates.

关键词： Spray flame synthesis Metal oxide particles Elastic light scattering Droplet size distribution Nanoparticle morphology Particle size distribution

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Machine learning ensemble model prediction of northward shift in potato cyst nematodes(Globodera rostochiensis and ***)distribution under climate change conditions

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journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期23卷 3576-3591页

作者： Yitong He Guanjin Wang Yonglin Ren Shan Gao Dong Chu simon j.McKirdy Shandong Engineering Research Centre for Environment-friendly Agricultural Pest Management College of Plant Health andMedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Harry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia School of Information Technology Murdoch UniversityPerthWA 6150Australia Hebei Dahaituo National Nature Reserve Management Centre Chicheng 075500China

Potato cyst nematodes(PCNs)are a significant threat to potato production,having caused substantial damage in many *** the future distribution of PCN species is crucial to implementing effective biosecurity strategies,especially given the impact of climate change on pest species invasion and *** learning(ML),specifically ensemble models,has emerged as a powerful tool in predicting species distributions due to its ability to learn and make predictions based on complex data ***,this research utilised advanced machine learning techniques to predict the distribution of PCN species under climate change conditions,providing the initial element for invasion risk *** first used Global Climate Models to generate homogeneous climate predictors to mitigate the variation among ***,five machine learning models were employed to build two groups of ensembles,single-algorithm ensembles(ESA)and multi-algorithm ensembles(EMA),and compared their *** this research,the EMA did not always perform better than the ESA,and the ESA of Artificial Neural Network gave the highest performance while being *** results indicated that the distribution range of PCNs would shift northward with a decrease in tropical zones and an increase in northern ***,the total area of suitable regions will not change significantly,occupying 16-20%of the total land surface(18%under current conditions).This research alerts policymakers and practitioners to the risk of PCNs’incursion into new ***,this ML process offers the capability to track changes in the distribution of various species and provides scientifically grounded evidence for formulating long-term biosecurity plans for their control.

关键词： invasive species distribution future climates homogeneous climate predictors single-algorithm ensembles multi-algorithm ensembles artificial neural network

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Regional trends and petrologic factors inhibit global interpretations of zircon trace element compositions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 300-307页

作者： Nick M.W.Roberts Christopher j.Spencer Stephen Puetz C.Brenhin Keller simon Tapster Geochronology and Tracers Facility British Geological SurveyNottingham NG125GGUK Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada Atkinson Dr Suite 704HonoluluHI 96814USA Department of Earth Sciences Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HamphireUSA

The trace element composition of zircon reveals information about the melt that they are derived from,as such,detrital zircon trace element compositions can be used to interrogate melt compositions,and thus the evolution of the continental crust in time and ***,we present a global database of detrital zircon compositions and use it to test whether average global trends for five common petrogenetic proxies truly represent secular changes in continental *** demonstrate that the secular trend is broadly comparable across continental regions for Ti-in-zircon temperatures,but for other trace element ratios interrogated,secular trends are highly variable between continental *** trace element ratios result from multiple petrologic variables,we argue that these petrogenetic proxies can be overinterpreted if projected to global geologic *** particular,we caution against the interpretation of crustal thickness from trace elements in zircon,and we argue that our results negate current hypotheses concerning secular changes in crustal thickness.

关键词： Detrital zircon Trace elements Secular change Eu anomaly Crustal thickness

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Effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness:A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 90-98页

作者： Tania Pinto-Escalona Erica Gobbi Pedro L.Valenzuela simon j.Bennett Pierluigi Aschieri Manuel Martin-Loeches Antonio Paoli Oscar Martinez-de-Quel Faculty of Education Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Urbino“Carlo Bo”Urbino 61029Italy Department of Systems Biology University of AlcaláMadrid 28805Spain Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Faculty of ScienceLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL33AFUK Italian judo WrestlingKarate and Martial Arts FederationRome 00122Italy Psychobiology&Methods for the Behavioural Sciences Department Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPadua 35122Italy

Purpose:To examine the effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness in children aged 7-8 ***:Twenty schools in 5 different European countries(2 second-grade classrooms per school)participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial(Sport at School trial).Participants were assigned to either a control group,which continued with their habitual physical education lessons,or to an intervention group,which replaced these lessons with a 1-year karate intervention(Karate Mind and Movement program).A total of 721 children(344 girls and 377 boys,7.4±0.5 years old,mean±SD)completed the study,of which 333 and 388 were assigned to the control group and intervention group,*** included academic performance(average grade),psychosocial functioning(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for parents),and different markers of physical fitness(cardiorespiratory fitness,balance,and flexibility).Results:The intervention provided small but significant benefits compared to the control group for academic achievement(d=0.16;p=0.003),conduct problems(d=-0.28;p=0.003),cardiorespiratory fitness(d=0.36;p0.05).Conclusion:A 1-year school-based karate intervention was effective in improving academic achievement,conduct problems,and physical fitness in primary school *** results support the inclusion of karate during physical education lessons.

关键词： Academic performance Cardiorespiratory fitness Conduct problems Karate Physical fitness

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Structural,morphological,optical and antibacterial performances of rare earth(Sm)-doped ZnO nanorods

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第11期42卷 2119-2127页

作者： A.Ravi j.Samuel S.Sahaya jude Dhas S.Usharani Turibius simon D.Senthil Kumar S.K.jasmin Vijitha A.Sivakumar Raju Suresh Kumar C.S.Biju Department of Physics University College of Engineering Department of Physics and Research Centre Malankara Catholic College Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha University Department of Chemistry S.I.V.E.T College Department of Biotechnology Vivekanandha College of Arts and Science for Woman (Autonomous) Department of Physics Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology Department of Physics & Research Centre Muslim Arts College Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud University Department of Physics St. Alphonsa College of Arts and Science

The significant rise of ultra-violet（UV） radiation and pathogenic infectious bacteria poses a serious threat to global *** researchers' interests are attracted by novel materials with strong UVblocking ability,antibacterial activity and low toxicity to other *** this case,a simple wet chemical method with different annealing temperatures（400,500,and 600℃） was employed to create highly effective rare earth（Sm）-doped ZnO ***（101） plane of wurtzite ZnO shifts towards a lower angle with increasing annealing temperature,according to the X-ray diffraction（XRD） study findings,which additionally establishes the consequence of lattice *** of doublet peaks of Sm 3d(Sm 3d5/2and Sm 3d3/2) in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） spectrum clearly validates the substitution of Sm3+ions in the 500℃-annealed *** 500℃-annealed nanorods exhibit combined performances of the wide band gap,improved UV absorbance,and vivid green luminescent emission（563 nm）.Additio nally,the nanorods have favorable UV-blocking execution of 96% for UVA at 360 nm,92% for UVB at 320 nm,and 57% for UVC at 225 nm,which is greater than the majority of ZnO-related materials that have been reported up to this *** doping is also appropriate for improving bacterial inhibition against the two studied strains（Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus）,in addition to the intriguing features discussed ***,with maximum inhibition zone diameters of 20±0.72 and 18±0.57 mm,respectively,these nanorods exhibit high inhibitory action against *** and *** bacterial *** rare earth-doped material developed during the current experiment,which was annealed at 500℃,could potentially serve as an effective replacement for UV-blocking and antibacterial material,especially for biomedical applications.

关键词： Wet chemical method rare earth doping Metal oxide UV-Shielding Bacterial inhibition

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Piezo1 expression in chondrocytes controls endochondral ossification and osteoarthritis development

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 199-214页

作者： Laura j.Brylka Assil-Ramin Alimy Miriam E.A.Tschaffon-Müller Shan jiang Tobias Malte Ballhause Anke Baranowsky simon von Kroge julian Delsmann Eva Pawlus Kian Eghbalian Klaus Püschel Astrid Schoppa Melanie Haffner-Luntzer David j.Beech Frank Timo Beil Michael Amling johannes Keller Anita Ignatius Timur A.Yorgan Tim Rolvien Thorsten Schinke Department of Osteology and Biomechanics University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics University Medical Center UlmBadenWürttemberg89081 UlmGermany Department Legal Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLS29JT LeedsUK

Piezo proteins are mechanically activated ion channels,which are required for mechanosensing functions in a variety of cell *** we and others have previously demonstrated that the expression of Piezo1 in osteoblast lineage cells is essential for boneanabolic processes,there was only suggestive evidence indicating a role of Piezo1 and/or Piezo2 in *** we addressed the question if and how chondrocyte expression of the mechanosensitive proteins Piezo1 or Piezo2 controls physiological endochondral ossification and pathological osteoarthritis(OA)*** with chondrocyte-specific inactivation of Piezo1(Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre)),but not of Piezo2,developed a near absence of trabecular bone below the chondrogenic growth plate ***,all Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) animals displayed multiple fractures of rib bones at 7 days of age,which were located close to the growth *** skeletal growth was only mildly affected in these mice,OA pathologies were markedly less pronounced compared to littermate controls at 60 weeks of ***,when OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection,only the chondrocyte inactivation of Piezo1,not of Piezo2,resulted in attenuated articular cartilage ***,osteophyte formation and maturation were also reduced in Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) *** further observed increased Piezo1 protein abundance in cartilaginous zones of human ***,we identified Ptgs2 and Ccn2 as potentially relevant Piezo1 downstream genes in ***,our data do not only demonstrate that Piezo1 is a critical regulator of physiological and pathological endochondral ossification processes,but also suggest that Piezo1 antagonists may be established as a novel approach to limit osteophyte formation in OA.

关键词： Piezo1 markedly ossification

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A system-on-chip microwave photonic processor solves dynamic RF interference in real time with picosecond latency

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 91-102页

作者： Weipeng Zhang joshua C.Lederman Thomas Ferreira de Lima jiawei Zhang simon Bilodeau Leila Hudson Alexander Tait Bhavin j.Shastri Paul R.Prucnal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton UniversityPrinceton08544NJUSA NEC Laboratories America Princeton08540NJUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada Department of Physics Engineering Physics and AstronomyQueen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada

Radio-frequency interference is a growing concern as wireless technology advances,with potentially life-threatening consequences like interference between radar altimeters and 5 G cellular *** transceivers mix signals with varying ratios over time,posing challenges for conventional digital signal processing(DSP)due to its high *** challenges will worsen as future wireless technologies adopt higher carrier frequencies and data ***,conventional DSPs,already on the brink of their clock frequency limit,are expected to offer only marginal speed *** paper introduces a photonic processor to address dynamic interference through blind source separation(BSS).Our system-on-chip processor employs a fully integrated photonic signal pathway in the analogue domain,enabling rapid demixing of received mixtures and recovering the signal-of-interest in under 15 *** reduction in latency surpasses electronic counterparts by more than three orders of *** complement the photonic processor,electronic peripherals based on field-programmable gate array(FPGA)assess the effectiveness of demixing and continuously update demixing weights at a rate of up to 305 *** compact setup features precise dithering weight control,impedance-controlled circuit board and optical fibre packaging,suitable for handheld and mobile *** experimentally demonstrate the processor’s ability to suppress transmission errors and maintain signal-to-noise ratios in two scenarios,radar altimeters and mobile *** work pioneers the real-time adaptability of integrated silicon photonics,enabling online learning and weight adjustments,and showcasing practical operational applications for photonic processing.

关键词： processor mixing dynamic

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Enhanced diagnostic workup increases pathological findings in patients with acute ischaemic stroke:results of the prospective HEBRAS study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第2期9卷 145-152,I0414-I0425页

作者： simon Hellwig Thomas Krause jan F Scheitz juliane Herm Ulrike Grittner Nadja jauert jochen B Fiebach Mario Kasner Wolfram Doehner Matthias Endres Rolf Wachter Thomas Elgeti Christian H Nolte Karl Georg Haeusler Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany Center for Stroke Research Berlin BerlinGermany Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin BIH Biomedical Innovation AcademyBerlinGermany Department of Neurology Jüdisches Krankenhaus BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Diseases(DZHK) Partner Site BerlinBerlinGermany Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies(BCRT) Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Cardiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Cardiology Campus Benjamin FranklinCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases(DZNE) Partner Site BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Cardiology University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Radiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Neurology University Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany

Background Stroke aetiology remains cryptogenic in a relevant proportion of patients with acute ischaemic stroke(AIS).We assessed whether enhanced diagnostic workup after AIS yields a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings compared with routine diagnostic care *** Hospitalised patients with AIS were prospectively enrolled in the investigator-initiated observational HEart and BRain Interfaces in Acute Ischaemic Stroke(HEBRAS)study at the Charité,Berlin,*** with AIS without known atrial fibrillation(AF)underwent cardiovascular MR imaging(CMR),MR-angiography of the aortic arch and prolonged Holter-ECG monitoring on top of routine diagnostic *** Among 356 patients with AIS(mean age 66 years,37.6%female),enhanced workup yielded a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings compared with routine care(17.7%vs 5.3%;p<0.001).Consequently,fewer patients were classified as cryptogenic after enhanced diagnostic workup(38.5%vs 45.5%,p<0.001).Routine care included echocardiography in 228(64.0%)*** was successfully performed in 292(82.0%)patients and revealed more often a prespecified pathological finding compared with routine echocardiography(16.1%vs 5.3%).Furthermore,study-related ECG monitoring(median duration 162 hours(IQR 98–210))detected AF in 16(4.5%)patients,while routine monitoring(median duration 51 hours(IQR 34–74))detected AF in seven(2.0%)*** Enhanced diagnostic workup revealed a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings in patients with AIS compared with routine diagnostic care and significantly reduced the proportion of patients with cryptogenic *** registration number NCT02142413.

关键词： routine patients prospective

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