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Short Sleep Duration is Associated with Central Arterial Stiffness in Children Independent of Other Lifestyle Behaviors

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第3期2卷 236-245页

作者： Lee Stoner simon higgins Katherine Black Kim Boggess Michelle L.Meyer Andrea Chou Barbara Galland Jillian J.Haszard Kim Meredith-Jones Pouya Saeedi Sheila Skeaff Paula M.L.Skidmore Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Exercise Science Elon UniversityElonNCUSA Department of Human Nutrition University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Emergency Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Women and Childrens Health University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand Department of Medicine University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand Department of Medicine University of OtagoChristchurchNew Zealand

Purpose Children require 9-11 h sleep to ensure adequate growth and development by optimizing the efficiency of a number of biological systems,including the cardiovascular *** study aim was to determine whether short sleep duration(<9 h)is associated with elevated aortic arterial stiffness in children aged 9-11 years,independent of other lifestyle behav-iors,including physical activity,sedentary behaviour and dietary *** This cross-sectional study included 421 children(51%female)aged 9-11 *** arterial stiffness was measured using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity(cfPWV),sleep duration,time spent sedentary,and moderate-vigorous physical activity were measured using wrist actigraphy,and dietary patterns using a food frequency ***-tions between short sleep duration and cfPWV were examined using mixed effects *** There was a positive[unadjusted]association between short sleep duration and cfPWV(β=0.245,95%CI 0.093-0.396).This association persisted following adjustment for demographic factors and was strengthened following adjustment for lifestyle behaviors(β=0.331,95%CI 0.109-0.553).Conclusions Short sleepers(<9 h)had a clinically meaningful elevated aortic arterial stiffness in comparison to those sleeping the recommended daily 9-11 *** duration may be important for cardiovascular health independent of other lifestyle behaviors.

关键词： Pulse wave velocity Cardiovascular disease Sedentary behaviour Physical activity Diet

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Periodicities in Solar Activity, Solar Radiation and Their Links with Terrestrial Environment

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Natural Science 2023年第3期15卷 111-147页

作者： Valentina V. Zharkova Irina Vasilieva simon J. Shepherd Elena Popova Department of MPEE University of Northumbria Newcastle upon Tyne UK ZVS Research Enterprise Ltd. London UK Department of Solar Physics Main Astronomical Observatory Kyiv Ukraine PRIMAL Research Group Sorbonne Universite Paris France Centro de Investigación en Astronomía Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins Santiago Chile

Solar magnetic activity is expressed via variations of sunspots and active regions varying on different timescales. The most accepted is an 11-year period supposedly induced by the electromagnetic solar dynamo mechanism. There are also some shorter or longer timescales detected: the biennial cycle (2 - 2.7 years), Gleisberg cycle (80 - 100 years), and Hallstatt’s cycle (2100 - 2300 years). Recently, using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the observed solar background magnetic field (SBMF), another period of 330 - 380 years, or Grand Solar Cycle (GSC), was derived from the summary curve of two eigenvectors of SBMF. In this paper, a spectral analysis of the averaged sunspot numbers, solar irradiance, and the summary curve of eigenvectors of SBMF was carried out using Morlet wavelet and Fourier transforms. We detect a 10.7-year cycle from the sunspots and modulus summary curve of eigenvectors as well a 22-year-cycle and the grand solar cycle of 342 - 350-years from the summary curve of eigenvectors. The Gleissberg centennial cycle is only detected on the full set of averaged sunspot numbers for 400 years or by adding a quadruple component to the summary curve of eigenvectors. Another period of 2200 - 2300 years is detected in the Holocene data of solar irradiance measured from the abundance of 14C isotope. This period was also confirmed with the period of about 2000 - 2100 years derived from a baseline of the solar background magnetic field, supposedly, caused by the solar inertial motion (SIM) induced by the gravitation of large planets. The implication of these findings for different deposition of solar radiation into the northern and southern hemispheres of the Earth caused by the combined effects of the solar activity and solar inertial motion on the terrestrial atmosphere is also discussed.

关键词： Sun: Magnetic Field Sun: Solar Activity Sun: Sunspots Sun: Solar Dynamo

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吡嗪酰胺对人体单核细胞培养分化的巨噬细胞内的结核分支杆菌无抗菌作用

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2001年第3期 140-144页

作者： L Heifets M. higgins B. simon 贺晓新 National Jewish Medical and Research Center The University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver Colorado USA

地点:克罗拉多州,丹佛,国家犹太人医学和研究中心微生物学实验室。目的:评价吡嗪酰胺对人体单核细胞培养分化的正常和激活的巨噬细胞中结核分支杆菌的抗菌作用。设计:将人体血中分离的单核细胞在塑料平皿中培养7天使其衍化成巨噬细胞... 详细信息

地点:克罗拉多州,丹佛,国家犹太人医学和研究中心微生物学实验室。目的:评价吡嗪酰胺对人体单核细胞培养分化的正常和激活的巨噬细胞中结核分支杆菌的抗菌作用。设计:将人体血中分离的单核细胞在塑料平皿中培养7天使其衍化成巨噬细胞单层。使用TNF-α或IFN-γ激活或未经过处理的巨噬细胞感染结核分支杆菌。次日加入不同浓度的吡嗪酰胺(PZA)、吗啉酰胺(MZA)或异烟肼(INH),并于第0、4、8天记数细胞内的活菌数。结果:不论其浓度大小均未发现吡嗪酰胺的抑菌作用,而在同一实验模型中则观察到了随着MZA和异烟肼剂量增加其抑菌和杀菌作用也增加。结论:PZA对人体单核细胞培养分化的巨噬细胞内滞留或繁殖的结核分支杆菌既无抑菌作用又无杀菌作用,关于人们所知道的该药对结核病人的效力可能与所推测的该药对细胞内菌群的抗菌作用无关。

关键词：结核病吡嗪酰胺巨噬细胞

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*** activity specific to peripheral emotional treatment induced by a visual steady state

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期 459-459页

作者： Caroline Grand-Maître Vanessa Hadid Michèle W.MacLean Marie-Charlotte higgins simon Faghel Soubeyrand Franco Lepore Centre de recherche en Neurosciences et Cognition(CERNEC) Universitéde MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada Département de Psychologie Universitéde MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada Département de Sciences biomédicales Universitéde MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada

Background:Research suggests that the analysis of facial expressions by a healthy brain would take place approximately 170 ms after the presentation of a facial expression in the superior temporal sulcus and the fusiform gyrus,mostly in the right *** researchers argue that a fast pathway through the amygdala would allow automatic and early emotional treatment around 90 ms after *** treatment would be done subconsciously,even before this stimulus is perceived and could be approximated by presenting the stimuli quickly on the periphery of the *** present study aimed to identify the neural correlates of a peripheral and simultaneous presentation of emotional expressions through a frequency tagging ***:The presentation of emotional facial expressions at a specific frequency induces in the visual cortex a stable and precise response to the presentation frequency[i.e.,a steady-state visual evoked potential(ssVEP)]that can be used as a frequency tag(i.e.,a frequency-tag to follow the cortical treatment of this ***,the use of different specific stimulation frequencies allowed us to label the different facial expressions presented simultaneously and to obtain a reliable cortical response being associated with(I)each of the emotions and(II)the different times of presentations repeated(1/0.170 ms=~5.8 Hz,1/0.090 ms=~10.8 Hz).To identify the regions involved in emotional discrimination,we subtracted the brain activity induced by the rapid presentation of six emotional expressions of the activity induced by the presentation of the same emotion(reduced by neural adaptation).The results were compared to the hemisphere in which attention was sought,emotion and frequency of ***:The signal-to-noise ratio of the cerebral oscillations referring to the treatment of the expression of fear was stronger in the regions specific to the emotional treatment when they were presented in the subjects peripheral vision,unbeknown

关键词： Emotional expressions electrophysiology frequency labeling steady-state visual evoked potential(ssVEP) spatial visual attention

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