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Modelling the development of biological structures displaying longitudinal geometries in vitro:culturing pluripotent stem cells on plasma-treated,growth factor-coupled polycaprolactone fibres

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第1期5卷 124-138页

作者： badwi b.boumelhem Stuart T.Fraser Syamak Farajikhah Rachel A.Shparberg Michael b.Morris Marcela M.M.bilek Anyu Zhang behnam Akhavan simon Fleming Maryanne Large School of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of SydneyAustralia Sydney Nano Institute University of SydneyAustralia School of Chemical and biomolecular Engineering University of SydneyAustralia School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyAustralia School of biomedical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of SydneyAustralia School of Engineering University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute(HMRI) Precision Medicine ProgramNew Lambton Heights NSW 2305Australia

Many biological structures such as nerves,blood and lymphatic vessels,and muscle fibres exhibit longitudinal ge-ometries with distinct cell types extending along both the length and width of internal linear *** these three-dimensional structures in vitro is challenging:the best-defined stem-cell differentiation systems are mono-layer cultures or organoids using pluripotent stem *** stem cells can differentiate into functionally mature cells depending on the signals received,holding great promise for regenerative ***,the integration of in vitro differentiated cell types into diseased tissue remains a *** scaffolds can bridge this gap if the appropriate signalling systems are incorporated into the ***,we have taken a biomimicry approach to generate longitudinal structures in *** this approach,mouse embryonic stem cells are directed to differentiate to specific cell types on the surface of polycaprolactone(PCL)fibres treated by plasma-immersion ion implantation and to which with lineage-specifying molecules have been covalently *** demonstrate the simplicity and utility of our method for efficiently generating high yields of the following cell types from these pluripotent stem cells:neurons,vascular endothelial cells,osteoclasts,adipocytes,and cells of the erythroid,myeloid,and lymphoid *** arranged plasma-treated scaffolds with differentiated cell types could ultimately serve as a means for the repair or treatment of diseased or damaged tissue.

关键词： Pluripotent stem cells Lineage commitment Growth factors biomaterial engineering Plasma-immersion ion implantation Covalent biomolecule attachment Polycaprolactone

经皮冠状动脉介入的急性冠状动脉综合征患者早期不同联合降血脂策略效果分析

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中国医药 2024年第1期19卷 6-10页

作者：柳浩 Emmanuel simon Kinayi 张波大连医科大学附属第一医院心内科大连116000

目的分析经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗的急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者早期不同联合降血脂策略的疗效。方法选取2018年1月至2022年6月大连医科大学附属第一医院诊断为ACS并行PCI治疗的患者,根据患者出院时降血脂方案,分为A组(他汀类药物+... 详细信息

目的分析经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗的急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者早期不同联合降血脂策略的疗效。方法选取2018年1月至2022年6月大连医科大学附属第一医院诊断为ACS并行PCI治疗的患者,根据患者出院时降血脂方案,分为A组(他汀类药物+依折麦布)、b组(他汀类药物+依洛尤单抗)和C组(他汀类药物+依折麦布+依洛尤单抗),各73例。比较3组患者基线及1、6个月随访时低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和其他血脂指标水平变化。结果在1、6个月随访时,b、C组LDL-C较基线下降幅度显著大于A组,LDL-Cb水平均低于A组,差异均有统计学意义(均Pb、C组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);3组间三酰甘油、载脂蛋白A1水平比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论他汀类药物联合应用依洛尤单抗可快速降低ACS行PCI患者血脂,增加LDL-C达标率,但是在他汀类药物联合依洛尤单抗基础上再联合依折麦布降低LDL-C的效果并不优于他汀类药物联合依洛尤单抗。

关键词：急性冠状动脉综合征依洛尤单抗依折麦布低密度脂蛋白胆固醇

Hemispheric Specialization of the Primate Inferior Parietal Lobule

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Neuroscience bulletin 2022年第3期38卷 334-336页

作者： Sam Vickery simon b Eickhoff Patrick Friedrich Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Brain&Behaviour(INM-7)Research Centre Jülich52428JülichGermany Institute of Systems Neuroscience Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf40225DüsseldorfGermany

Hemispheric asymmetries can be seen as one of the evolutionary adaptations that allowed the human brain to muster more complex cognitive processes than other *** this vein,the study published by Cheng et al.[1]presents a pivotal investigation of both the regional and connectional asymmetries within the inferior parietal lobule(IPL)in human,chimpanzee,and *** investigating 4 sub-divisions of the IPL across the three species,Cheng and colleagues showed that the macroanatomical and connectional architecture of the IPL became more asymmetric throughout the primate *** macaques show little to no structural asymmetries,chimpanzees display a more asymmetric architecture but with both leftward and rightward asymmetries in various *** contrast,the human IPL displayed the highest number of asymmetries among the three species with a clear tendency towards more *** evolutionary trend towards a more lateralized organization of the IPL may have accompanied an improved command of tool-use,stronger forelimb asymmetries,and the increasing complexity of communicative behavior.

关键词： asymmetric erior allowed

Type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis associated with severe ulcerative colitis: Three case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第24期10卷 8788-8796页

作者： Mark Ghali Karen bensted David b Williams simon Ghaly Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent's HospitalDarlinghurst 2010NSWAustralia School of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of New South WalesSydney 1466NSWAustralia

bACKGROUND Type two autoimmune pancreatitis is a rare and difficult to diagnose,steroid responsive non-IgG4 inflammatory pancreatopathy that can be associated with inflammatory bowel *** SUMMARY This case series describes three cases with varied clinical presentations and representations of autoimmune pancreatitis,and all associated with an aggressive course of ulcerative *** pancreatopathy was independent of bowel disease activity and developed in one case following *** Clinician awareness about this condition is important to allow early diagnosis,treatment and avoid unnecessary pancreatic surgery.

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Colectomy Case report

Film cooling performance and flow structure of single-hole and double-holes with swirling jet

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第3期35卷 201-213页

作者： Rui ZHU simon TERRENCE Shulei LI Gongnan XIE School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Research&Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA School of Marine Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

This paper presents the results of a numerical study of the effects of swirling flow in coolant jets on film cooling *** combined-hole designs with swirling coolant flow entering the delivery hole are proposed and *** film cooling effectiveness values for cases with various blowing ratios are *** flow structures and underlying mechanisms are *** results show that film cooling effectiveness is improved with jet swirl at high blowing ratios,and that swirl strength has significant influence on film cooling ***-hole designs can further improve film cooling performance using swirling jets due to mixing of coolant flows and interaction of *** largest improvements of area-averaged film cooling effectiveness for a single-hole swirl case and a combined-hole swirl case over corresponding non-swirling case results are 157%and 173%,respectively.

关键词： Combined-hole Film cooling Interactions of vortices Jet-in-cross-flow Swirling flow

Natural regeneration in logging gaps of different sizes in Subri River Forest Reserve(Ghana)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1157-1174页

作者： Maame Esi Hammond Radek Pokorný simon Abugre Augustine Gyedu Department of Silviculture Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemědělská361300 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Forest Science School of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Energy and Natural ResourcesP.O.Box 214SunyaniGhana Forest Services Division(FSD) P.M.BKumasiGhana

Subri River Forest Reserve(SR)is the most extensive forest area in Ghana with an accompanying rich floral *** the years,logging from both legally prescribed and illegal operations remain the predominant forest disturbance in *** creation following logging is crucial in determining tree species composition and ***,the study evaluated the composition and diversity of naturally regenerated tree species in logging gaps of different sizes and,again examined the roles of these tree species in fulfilling the economic and ecological agenda of sustainable forest management after logging in *** gaps were randomly selected:4 each were grouped into small size(≤200 m^(2)),medium size(201–300 m^(2)),and large size(≥300 m^(2)).Data were gathered from 1 m^(2) circular area at gap centres and repeatedly inside 1 m width strip along 20 m individual N-S-E-W *** diversity differed significantly between gap *** diversity indices were measured in large size *** sizes shared similar *** were significant differences among various height groupings of tree species across all three gap *** preferred medium to large size gaps,while shadetolerant tree species preferred small size gaps for their *** and Lower Risk Near Threatened tree species under Conservation Status and,Premium and Commercial tree species under Utilisation Status preferred small size gaps for their proliferation and ***,we recommend the single tree-based selective logging for ensuring creations of small to medium size(200–300 m^(2))gaps through adjustments to the logging permit process,revision of Allocation Quota Permit,strict adherence to the 40-year polycyclic selection system,along with more dedicated enforcement and *** along these protocols would tremendously facilitate natural regeneration of different suites of timber species resulting in the improvement of the overall biodiversity conservat

关键词： Conservation status Gap size Diversity Logging Natural regeneration Subri River Forest Reserve Tree species Utilisation status

Hepatitis b Surface Antigen and Hepatitis C Virus Antibodies among Drug Users in burkina Faso

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 92-104页

作者： Sylvie Zida Kadari Cissé Odette Ky-Zerbo Dinanibè Kambiré Serge Théophile Soubeiga simon Tiendrebéogo Fatou Sissoko Issa Sory Célestine Ki-Toé Solange Dioma Djeneba Zorom Adama Ouédraogo Cedric Dimitri Axon Hien Mahamoudou Sanou Seni Kouanda Henri Gautier Ouédraogo Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Dé partement de G&eacuteographie Universit&eacute Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Secré tariat permanent du Conseil national de lutte contre le Sida et les IST (SP/CNLS-IST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Initiative Privé e et Communautaire pour la Sant&eacute et la Riposte au VIH/SIDA au Burkina Faso (IPC/BF) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant&eacute (UFR-SDS) Universit&eacute Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: The epidemiology of both hepatitis b virus (HbV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among drug users (DUs) is little known in West Africa. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of hepatitis b and C viruses among drug users in burkina Faso. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional biological and behavioral survey conducted between June and August 2022, among drug users in Ouagadougou and bobo Dioulasso, the two main cities of burkina Faso. A respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to recruit drug users. Hepatitis b surface antigen was determined using lateral flow rapid test kits and antibodies to hepatitis C virus in serum determined using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Data were entered and analyzed using Stata 17 software. Weighted binary logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors of hepatitis b and C infections and a p-value Results: A total of 323 drug users were recruited with 97.5% males. The mean age was 32.7 years old. The inhaled or smoked mode was the most used by drug users. The adjusted hepatitis b and hepatitis C prevalence among study participants were 11.1% and 2.3% respectively. The marital status (p = 0.001), and the nationality (p = 0.011) were significantly associated with hepatitis b infection. The type of drug used was not significantly associated with hepatitis b infection or hepatitis C infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of HbsAg and anti-HCV antibodies among DUs are comparable to those reported in the general population in burkina Faso. This result suggests that the main routes of contamination by HbV and HCV among DUs are similar to those in the population, and could be explained by the low use of the injectable route by DUs in burkina Faso.

关键词： Drug Users Hepatitis C Hepatitis b Prevalence burkina Faso

Evaluating organic acids as alternative leaching reagents for rare earth elements recovery from NdFeb magnets

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第4期41卷 621-631页

作者： Sahar belfqueh Alain Seron simon Chapron Guilhem Arrachart Nourredine Menad bRGM Direction de l'Eaude l'Environnementdes Procédés et AnalysesOrleansFrance ICSM Univ.MontpellierCEACNRSENSCMMarcouleFrance

This study proposes an advanced leaching method using organic acids to recover rare earth elements(REEs)from NdFeb permanent magnets from end-of-life computers hard disk drives(HDDs).The end-oflife HDDs were first dismantled in order to recover NdFeb magnets,which were then thermally demagnetized at 350℃during 30 min before crushing in a ball mill under inert *** electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM/EDS)analyses performed on the NdFeb magnets show the heterogeneous structure containing the major matric phase Nd_(2)Fe_(14)b and the REEsrich phase containing Nd and Pr ***,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Mossbauer spectroscopy(MS)analyses on the ground NdFeb magnet show that grinding NdFeb magnets under inert atmosphere helps to minimize its *** analysis shows that the composition of the ground sample is Nd:22.8 wt%,Pr:3.3 wt%,Dy:1.2 wt%,Fe:62.6 wt%,Co:1.5 wt%,b:0.9 wt%,Ni:0.6 wt%.Diagrams of speciation and equilibrium phases(E_(h) ***)were calculated to determine the predominance of the formed species in the REEs-organic acids *** influence of the organic acid type(acetic acid,formic acid,citric acid and tartaric acid),the acid concentration(10 vol%,up to saturation),and the solid/liquid(S/L)ratio(0.5%-10%)on NdFeb magnets leaching was investigated employing an optimal experimental design conceived by the statistical software *** acid(CH_(3)COOH)shows the highest leaching performance of REEs,allowing leaching yields over 90%for Nd,Dy and Pr in the acid concentration range of 1.6-10 mol/L and the S/L ratio range of 0.5%-5%at a temperature of 60℃.The results presented in this investigation suggest that REEs can be recovered from magnets of end-of-life HDDs using an eco-friendly method assisted by organic acids.

关键词： NdFeb magnets Rare earth elements Leaching Organic acids Acetic acid

Why 90%of clinical drug development fails and how to improve it?

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2022年第7期12卷 3049-3062页

作者： Duxin Sun Wei Gao Hongxiang Hu simon Zhou Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA Translational Development and Clinical Pharmacology Bristol Meyer Squibb CompanySummitNJ07920USA

Ninety percent of clinical drug development fails despite implementation of many successful strategies,which raised the question whether certain aspects in target validation and drug optimization are overlooked?Current drug optimization overly emphasizes potency/specificity using structure-activityrelationship(SAR)but overlooks tissue exposure/selectivity in disease/normal tissues using structure-tissue exposure/selectivity—relationship(STR),which may mislead the drug candidate selection and impact the balance of clinical dose/efficacy/*** propose structure-tissue exposure/selectivity—activity relationship(STAR)to improve drug optimization,which classifies drug candidates based on drug’s potency/selectivity,tissue exposure/selectivity,and required dose for balancing clinical efficacy/***Ⅰdrugs have high specificity/potency and high tissue exposure/selectivity,which needs low dose to achieve superior clinical efficacy/safety with high success ***Ⅱdrugs have high specificity/potency and low tissue exposure/selectivity,which requires high dose to achieve clinical efficacy with high toxicity and needs to be cautiously ***Ⅲdrugs have relatively low(adequate)specificity/potency but high tissue exposure/selectivity,which requires low dose to achieve clinical efficacy with manageable toxicity but are often ***Ⅳdrugs have low specificity/potency and low tissue exposure/selectivity,which achieves inadequate efficacy/safety,and should be terminated *** may improve drug optimization and clinical studies for the success of clinical drug development.

关键词： Drug development Drug optimization Clinical trial Structure-tissue exposure/selectivity relationship(STR) Structure-tissue exposure/selectivity—activity relationship(STAR)