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Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: Is HIPEC the Only Answer?

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Modern Chemotherapy 2014年第2期3卷 11-19页

作者： Ka-On Lam Betty Tsz-Ting law simon ying-kit law Dora Lai-Wan Kwong Department of Clinical Oncology LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Surgery LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis is notorious for its dismal prognosis. While the pathophysiology of peritoneal dissemination is still controversial, the rapid downhill course is universal. Patients usually suffer abdominal distension, intestinal obstruction and various complications before they succumb after a median of 3 - 6 months. Although not adopted in most international treatment guidelines, intraperitoneal chemotherapy has growing evidence compared with conventional systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is well-established for clinical benefit but is technically demanding with substantial treatment-related morbidities and mortality. On the other hand, normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the form of bidirectional neoadjuvant treatment is promising with various newer chemotherapeutic agents. Regardless of the treatment technique applied, the essential element of success is meticulous patient selection and availability of expertise. Future direction is along the line of personalized treatment with the application of translational science.

关键词： Gastric Cancer Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) Neoadjuvant Intraperitoneal/Systemic Chemotherapy (NIPS) Cytoreductive Surgery

Multinational survey on the preferred approach to management of Barrett’s esophagus in the Asia-Pacific region

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第4期13卷 279-294页

作者： Guan Sen Kew Alex Yu Sen Soh Yeong Yeh Lee Takuji Gotoda Yan-Qing Li Yan Zhang Yiong Huak Chan Kewin Tien Ho Siah Daniel Tong simon ying kit law Andrew Ruszkiewicz Ping-Huei Tseng Yi-Chia Lee Chi-Yang Chang Duc Trong Quach Chika Kusano Shobna Bhatia Justin Che-Yuen Wu Rajvinder Singh Prateek Sharma Khek-Yu Ho Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medicine ClusterNational University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National University HospitalNational University Health SystemSingapore 119074Singapore School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaPenang 11800Malaysia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNihon University School of MedicineTokyo 173-8610Japan Department of Gastroenterology Laboratory of Translational GastroenterologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Surgery The University of Hong KongHong Kong PokfulamHong KongChina Department of Pathology SA PathologyAdelaide 5112Australia Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University HospitalTaipei 100Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University HospitalTaipei 24352Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Hochiminh CityVietnamHochiminh 70000Viet Nam Department of Gastroenterology Seth GS Medical College and King Edward Memorial HospitalMumbai 400012India Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Gastroenterology Lyell McEwin HospitalUniversity of AdelaideAdelaide 64128Australia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kansas City VA Medical CenterKansas CityKS 64128United States Department of Medicine National University HospitalSingapore 119074Singapore

BACKGROUND Major societies provide differing guidance on management of Barrett’s esophagus(BE),making standardization challenging.AIM To evaluate the preferred diagnosis and management practices of BE among Asian endoscopists.METHODS Endoscopists from across Asia were invited to participate in an online questionnaire comprising eleven questions regarding diagnosis,surveillance and management of BE.RESULTS Five hundred sixty-nine of 1016(56.0%)respondents completed the survey,with most respondents from Japan(n=310,54.5%)and China(n=129,22.7%).Overall,the preferred endoscopic landmark of the esophagogastric junction was squamocolumnar junction(42.0%).Distal palisade vessels was preferred in Japan(59.0%vs 10.0%,Pying extents(P<0.001).Most Asian endoscopists(70.8%)would survey long-segment BE without dysplasia every two years.Adherence to Seattle protocol was poor with only 6.3%always performing it.73.2%of Japanese never did it,compared to 19.3%outside Japan(P<0.001).The most preferred(74.0%)treatment of non-dysplastic BE was proton pump inhibitor only when the patient was symptomatic or had esophagitis.For BE with low-grade dysplasia,6-monthly surveillance was preferred in 61.9%within Japan vs 47.9%outside Japan(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Diagnosis and management of BE varied within Asia,with stark contrast between Japan and outside Japan.Most Asian endoscopists chose squamo-columnar junction to be the landmark for esophagogastric junction,which is incorrect.Most also did not consistently use Prague criteria,and Seattle protocol.Lack of standardization,education and research are possible reasons.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Survey Asia-Pacific Asian Barrett's consortium Prague criteria Seattle protocol

Oncogene GAEC1 regulates CAPN10 expression which predicts survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第18期19卷 2772-2780页

作者： Dessy Chan Miriam Yuen-Tung Tsoi Christina Di Liu SauHing Chan simon ying-kit law Kwok-Wah Chan Yuen-Piu Chan Vinod Gopalan Alfred King-Yin Lam Johnny Cheuk-On Tang State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences Lo Ka Chung Centre for Natural Anti-cancer Drug Development Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Surgery Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University of Hong Kong Department of Pathology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University of Hong Kong Department of Pathology Griffith Medical School and Griffith Health Institute Griffith University

AIM: To identify the downstream regulated genes of GAEC1 oncogene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and their clinicopathological significance. METHODS: The anti-proliferative effect of knocking down the expression of GAEC1 oncogene was stud-ied by using the RNA interference (RNAi) approach through transfecting the GAEC1 -overexpressed esophageal carcinoma cell line KYSE150 with the pSilencer vector cloned with a GAEC1 -targeted sequence, followed by MTS cell proliferation assay and cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry. RNA was then extracted from the parental, pSilencer-GAEC1 -targeted sequence transfected and pSilencer negative control vector transfected KYSE150 cells for further analysis of different patterns in gene expression. Genes differentially expressed with suppressed GAEC1 expression were then determined using Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 cDNA microarray analysis by comparing with the parental cells and normalized with the pSilencer negative control vector transfected cells. The most prominently regulated genes were then studied by immunohistochemical staining using tissue microarrays to determine their clinicopathological correlations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by statistical analyses. RESULTS: The RNAi approach of knocking down gene expression showed the effective suppression of GAEC1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line KYSE150 that resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation and increase of apoptotic population. cDNA microarray analysis for identifying differentially expressed genes detected the greatest levels of downregulation of calpain 10 (CAPN10 ) and upregulation of trinucleotide repeat containing 6C (TNRC6C ) transcripts when GAEC1 expression was suppressed. At the tissue level, the high level expression of calpain 10 protein was significantly associated with longer patient survival (month) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma compared to the patients with low level of calpain 10 expression (37.73 ± 16.33 vs 12.62 ± 12.44, P = 0.032). No significa

关键词： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Oncogene RNA interference Calpain 10 Tissue microarray

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香港前肠外科现状

中华普通外科杂志 2024年第6期39卷 418-422页

作者：黄宇匡罗英杰香港大学临床医学院外科学系中国

前肠是指胚胎时期的消化道上部,进一步发育成为食管、肺、胃、肝脏、胰腺及部分十二指肠等器官.在中国香港,针对治疗和研究前肠相关良性疾病的前肠外科已经拥有相对成熟的技术和先进仪器配合,包括采用一系列的辅助检查方法,率先开展新... 详细信息

前肠是指胚胎时期的消化道上部,进一步发育成为食管、肺、胃、肝脏、胰腺及部分十二指肠等器官.在中国香港,针对治疗和研究前肠相关良性疾病的前肠外科已经拥有相对成熟的技术和先进仪器配合,包括采用一系列的辅助检查方法,率先开展新颖的抗反流手术方式,如机器人辅助下食管裂孔疝修补、磁珠环括约肌增强术等.目前亚洲各地学者开始越来越重视前肠相关疾病,本文通过介绍香港前肠外科情况促进与国际进行学术交流合作,谋求与亚太地区进一步共同建设亚洲前肠相关协会,分享诊治经验和学术成果.

关键词：胃食管反流疝食管裂孔肥胖症机器人贲门失驰缓症前肠外科

Fatigue Crack Propagation law of Corroded Steel Box Girders in Long Span Bridges

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 201-227页

作者： ying Wang Longxiao Chao Jun Chen Songbai Jiang Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Structures of Ministry of Education School of Civil EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Construction Standard Station Nanjing210036China

In order to investigate the fatigue performance of orthotropic anisotropic steel bridge decks,this study realizes the simulation of the welding process through elastic-plastic finite element theory,thermal-structural sequential coupling,and the birth-death element method.The simulated welding residual stresses are introduced into the multiscale finite element model of the bridge as the initial stress.Furthermore,the study explores the impact of residual stress on crack propagation in the fatigue-vulnerable components of the corroded steel box girder.The results indicate that fatigue cracks at the weld toe of the top deck,the weld root of the top deck,and the opening of the transverse diaphragm will not propagate under the action of a standard vehicle load.However,the inclusion of residual stress leads to the propagation of these cracks.When considering residual stress,the fatigue crack propagation paths at the weld toe of the transverse diaphragm and the U-rib weld toe align with those observed in actual bridges.In the absence of residual stress,the cracks at the toe of the transverse diaphragm with a 15%mass loss rate are categorized as type I cracks.Conversely,when residual stress is considered,these cracks become I-II composite cracks.Residual stress significantly alters the cumulative energy release rate of the three fracturemodes.Therefore,incorporating the influence of residual stress is essential when assessing the fatigue performance of corroded steel box girders in long-span bridges.

关键词： Residual stress crack propagation corroded steel box girder cumulative energy release rate

Genomics-driven derivatization of the bioactive fungal sesterterpenoid variecolin:Creation of an unnatural analogue with improved anticancer properties

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 421-432页

作者： Dexiu Yan Jemma Arakelyan Teng Wan Ritvik Raina Tsz Ki Chan Dohyun Ahn Vladimir Kushnarev Tsz Kiu Cheung Ho Ching Chan Inseo Choi Pui Yi Ho Feijun Hu Yujeong Kim Hill Lam Lau ying Lo law Chi Seng Leung Chun Yin Tong Kai Kap Wong Wing Lam Yim Nikolay S.Karnaukhov Richard Y.C.Kong Maria V.Babak Yudai Matsuda Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina iGEM Team“VarieCure” City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Moscow Clinical Research Center Named After A.S.Loginov Moscow 111123Russian Federation

A biosynthetic gene cluster for the bioactive fungal sesterterpenoids variecolin(1)and variecolactone(2)was identified in Aspergillus aculeatus ATCC 16872.Heterologous production of 1 and 2 was achieved in Aspergillus oryzae by expressing the sesterterpene synthase VrcA and the cytochrome P450 VrcB.Intriguingly,the replacement of VrcB with homologous P450s from other fungal terpenoid pathways yielded three new variecolin analogues(5-7).Analysis of the compounds’anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo revealed that although 5 and 1 had comparable activities,5 was associated with significantly reduced toxic side effects in cancer-bearing mice,indicating its potentially broader therapeutic window.Our study describes the first tests of variecolin and its analogues in animals and demonstrates the utility of synthetic biology for creating molecules with improved biological activities.

关键词： Animal studies Anticancer properties Biosynthesis Natural products Sesterterpenoids Synthetic biology Terpene synthases Variecolin

Dynamics of information diffusion and disease transmission in time-varying multiplex networks with asymmetric activity levels

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 690-699页

作者：谢笑笑霍良安董雅芳程英英 Business School University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Intelligent Emergency Management University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Management Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China

While the interaction between information and disease in static networks has been extensively investigated,many studies have ignored the characteristics of network evolution.In this study,we construct a new two-layer coupling model to explore the interactions between information and disease.The upper layer describes the diffusion of disease-related information,and the lower layer represents the disease transmission.We then use power-law distributions to examine the influence of asymmetric activity levels on dynamic propagation,revealing a mapping relationship characterizing the interconnected propagation of information and diseases among partial nodes within the network.Subsequently,we derive the disease outbreak threshold by using the microscopic Markov-chain approach(MMCA).Finally,we perform extensive Monte Carlo(MC)numerical simulations to verify the accuracy of our theoretical results.Our findings indicate that the activity levels of individuals in the disease transmission layer have a more significant influence on disease transmission compared with the individual activity levels in the information diffusion layer.Moreover,reducing the damping factor can delay disease outbreaks and suppress disease transmission,while improving individual quarantine measures can contribute positively to disease control.This study provides valuable insights into policymakers for developing outbreak prevention and control strategies.

关键词： information diffusion disease transmission asymmetric activity levels quarantine strength

A Comparative Study of the Power-law Relationship between the Pulse width and Energy of Precursor and Main Burst

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 144-168页

作者： Hui-ying Deng Zhao-Yang Peng Jia-Ming Chen Dan Zhu College of Physics and Electronic Information Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China

In gamma-ray burst prompt emission,there is still no consistent conclusion if the precursor and main burst share the same origin.In this paper,we try to study this issue based on the relationship between pulse width and energy of the precursor and main burst.We systematically search the light curve data observed by Swift/BAT and Fermi/GBM,and find 13 long bursts with well-structured precursors and main bursts.After fitting the precursor light curve of each different energy channel with the Norris function,we find that there is not only a power-law relationship between precursor width and energy,but also a power-law relationship between the ratio of the rising width to the decaying width and energy.By comparing the relationship between the precursors and the main burst pulses,we find that the distribution of the precursors and the relationship between the power-law indices are roughly the same as those of the main burst.In addition,it is found that the precursor width distribution as well as the upper limit of the pulse width ratio does not exceed 1 and both are asymmetric,which are also consistent with the main burst.These indicate that the precursor and the main burst are indistinguishable,and the precursor and the main burst may have the same physical origin.

关键词： methods data analysis-(stars) gamma-ray burst general-shock waves

A deoxidation thermodynamic model for 304 stainless steel considering multiple-components coupled reactions

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第1期31卷 74-91页

作者： Yan Yan Guang-hao Shang Li-ping Zhang Shao-ying Li Han-jie Guo School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials Beijing100083China Henan Jinhui Stainless Steel Industry Group Co. Ltd.Xuchang461500HenanChina Changge Jinhui Recycling Metal R&D Co. Ltd.Xuchang461500HenanChina

A thermodynamic model for predicting the equilibrium oxygens of 304 stainless steel was developed based on the theory of slag-steel equilibrium,the law of mass conservation,and the ion and molecule coexistence theory.In the developed model,the Fe-Cr-Mn-Si-Al-S-O-melts reaction system and CaO-MgO-CaF_(2)-FeO-MnO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-Cr2O_(3)slags were considered.The oxygen contents calculated by the model are in good agreement with experimental results and reference data.The equilibrium oxygen contents in 304 stainless steel mainly decrease with increasing binary basicity(w(CaO)/w(SiO_(2)),where w(i)is the mass percentage of component i)and decreasing temperature.Controlling binary basicity at 2.0 while maintaining temperatures lower than 1823 K will keep the oxygen contents in the 304 stainless steel lower than 15×10^(-6).The equilibrium oxygen contents may also be decreased with increasing content of MgO in slags,which is more significant at lower binary basicity.Besides,a small amount of FeO,MnO,and Al_(2)O_(3)(about 0-2.5 wt.%)in slags has little effect on equilibrium oxygen contents.Furthermore,it is found that the[C]-[O]reaction may occur during refining process but will not significantly affect the equilibrium oxygen contents.

关键词： Complex deoxidation Thermodynamic model Ion and molecule coexistence theory 304 stainless steel Slag-steel reaction