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priority effects of forbs arriving early:the role of root interaction and asymmetric competition

Ecological processes 2024年第1期13卷 53-65页

作者： Xiaohong Yan Xiliang Li ke Jin Institute of Grassland Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Background The priority effect of plant arrival is a key driver of community assembly and ecosystem succession during the restoration of degraded plant communities. However, the significance of the arrival order of different plant functional groups and their interactions with community assemblies remains unclear. Using a phytotron experiment with three fully crossed factors, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of priority effects and their relationships with the biomass and biodiversity effects in mixed plant communities by manipulating the order of arrival of species, isolation of roots, and removal of specific *** The results showed that the strength and direction of priority effects were influenced by arrival order, root interactions, asymmetric competition among species, and their interactions. The identities of early and late-sown species also determined the magnitude of priority effects. The priority effects were stronger in grass-first(24.76%) and legume-first communities(24.48%) than in forb-first communities. The pot biomass of the different priority treatments was highest in grass-first(5.85 g), followed by legume-first(3.94 g) and forb-first(2.48 g). The order of arrival in the mixture significantly affected the net biodiversity effects(p pecies grown later had fewer costs with an increased overall net benefit for the resulting *** Our results emphasize that root interactions and asymmetric competition are vital determinants of order-specific priority effects in community assemblies. In addition, the importance of the priority effect of forbs sown first is related to community assembly, which may be a key determinant in successfully establishing a highly diverse community in the early stages of restoration. Species with weak competition should be considered in the early stage of community ass

关键词： Community assembly Order of arrival Overyielding plant functional group Root isolation

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In vivo label-free measurement of blood flow velocity symmetry based on dual line scanning third-harmonic generation microscopy excited at the 1700 nm window

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 61-68页

作者： Hui Cheng Jincheng Zhong ping Qiu ke Wang key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong province College of physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 P.R.China

Measurement of bloodflow velocity is key to understanding physiology and pathology in *** most measurements are performed at the middle of the blood vessel,little research has been done on characterizing the instantaneous bloodflow velocity *** is mainly due to the lack of measurement technology with high spatial and temporal ***,we tackle this problem with our recently developed dual-wavelength line-scan third-harmonic generation(THG)imaging *** acquisition of dual-wavelength THG line-scanning signals enables measurement of bloodflow velocities at two radially symmetric positions in both venules and arterioles in mouse brain in *** results clearly show that the instantaneous bloodflow velocity is not symmetric under general conditions.

关键词： 1700 nm-Window third-harmonic generation imaging blood flow velocity

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High-yield and rapid isolation of extracellular vesicles by flocculation via orbital acoustic trapping:FLOAT

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 313-323页

作者： Joseph Rufo peiran Zhang Zeyu Wang Yuyang Gu Kaichun Yang Joseph Rich Chuyi Chen Ruoyu Zhong ke Jin Ye He Jianping Xia ke Li Jiarong Wu Yingshi Ouyang Yoel Sadovsky Luke.p.Lee Tony Jun Huang Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Obstetrics Gynecologyand Reproductive SciencesMagee-Womens Research InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Bioengineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Biophysics Institute of Quantum BiophysicsSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)have been identified as promising biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of various ***,challenges in separating EVs from soluble proteins have resulted in variable EV recovery rates and low ***,we report a high-yield(>90%)and rapid(pping(FLOAT).The FLOAT approach utilizes an acoustofluidic droplet centrifuge to rotate and controllably heat liquid *** adding a thermoresponsive polymer flocculant,nanoparticles as small as 20 nm can be rapidly and selectively concentrated at the center of the *** demonstrate the ability of FLOAT to separate urinary EVs from the highly abundant Tamm-Horsfall protein,addressing a significant obstacle in the development of EV-based liquid *** to its high-yield nature,FLOAT reduces biofluid starting volume requirements by a factor of 100(from 20 mL to 200µL),demonstrating its promising potential in point-of-care diagnostics.

关键词： trapping utilize separating

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Effects of grain's shape-and size-polydispersities,orientation,and area fraction on tortuosity and permeability of 2D granular media

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particuology 2024年第7期90卷 535-557页

作者： ke Cao Huisu Chen Mohammad Iqbal Khan Mingqi Li Lin Liu Jiangsu key Laboratory of Construction Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189China Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh 11421Saudi Arabia School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China

The microstructure of granular media, including grain's shape- and size-polydispersities, orientation, and area fraction can potentially affect its permeability. However, few studies consider the coupling effects of these features. This work employs geometrical probability and stereology to establish quantitative relationships between the above microstructural features and the geometric tortuosity of the two-dimensional granular media containing superellipse, superoval, and polygon grains. Then the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used to determine the permeabilities of these granular media. By combining the tortuosity model and the LBM-derived permeabilities, modified K–C equations are formulated to predict the permeability and the shape factor, considering the grain's shape- and size-polydispersities, orientation, and area fraction. The reliability of these methods can be verified by comparing them with both our simulations and available experimental, theoretical, and numerical data reported in the literature. The findings implicate that the tortuosity and permeability of the granular media are strongly correlated with the grain's shape, orientation, and area fraction but unaffected by the size polydispersity and spatial arrangement of grains. Only circularity is not enough to derive a unified formula for considering the impact of grain shape on tortuosity and permeability, other shape parameters need to be explored in the future.

关键词： Geometric tortuosity Konzey-Carman equation Shape and size ploydispersities Grain orientation Lattice Boltzmann method Granular media

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Open-vessel Synthesis of poly-N-methoxyethylglycine

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第1期40卷 153-158页

作者： LIU Guojan MA ke CHEN Qi ZHANG Donghui LIU Runhui State key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P.R.China key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell MetabolismResearch Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P.R.China School of Biotechnology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P.R.China

polypeptoids are widely used in biological applications owing to their diverse functions and proteolytic *** type of polypeptoids,poly-N-methoxyethylglycine(p-Nmeg),has been found to possess remarkable hydrophilicity and notable properties in terms of protein,cell,and bacterial ***,the currently known synthesis methods of p-Nmeg include solid-phase synthesis,which is time-consuming and difficult to scale up,and N-substituted N-carboxyanhydride(NNCA)ring-opening polymerization,whose monomers were difficult to *** this study,we used the chemical stable Nmeg N-phenoxycarbonyl(NpC)as the monomer,which was obtained without the use of highly toxic reactants,such as phosgene or phosphorus halide,to synthesize p-Nmeg under open-vessel *** adding BnNH_(2) as an initiator at 80℃,we can obtain controllable short chain length p-Nmeg with narrow dispersity.

关键词： Open-vessel polypeptoid synthesis poly-N-methoxyethylglycine Stable monomer Narrow dispersity

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In vivo 3-photon fluorescence microscopy of white matter in mouse brain excited at the 1700 nm window

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 81-87页

作者： Jie Huang Jincheng Zhong Shen Tong Yingxian Zhang ping Qiu ke Wang key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong province College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060P.R.China School of Medical Information and Engineering Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004P.R.China

White matter,a densely packed collection of myelinated axons,plays an essential part in neural *** high spatial resolution and deep penetration,multi-photon microscopy(MpM)is promising for white matter imaging in animal models in *** third harmonic generation(THG)signal can be generated from white matter,but the bottom part of the white matter layer generates weak THG due to its high ***,we demonstrate an in vivo labeling and imaging technology,capable of visualizing the white matter layer in the mouse brain,combining°uorescence labeling with MitoTracker Red and three-photon°uorescence(3pF)microscopy excited at the 1700 nm window.3pF signals are several times higher than THG signals,resulting in deeper imaging of the white matter layer with the *** results indicate that 3pF microscopy is a promising technology for white matter imaging in the deep brain in vivo.

关键词： Three-photon microscopy white matter myelin MitoTracker Red

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Optimization of ferroelectricity and endurance of hafnium zirconium oxide thin films by controlling element inhomogeneity

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第7期13卷 1023-1031页

作者： Fei Yan ke Cao Yang Chen Jiajia Liao Min Liao Yichun Zhou Shaanxi key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and protection Technology for Aerospace School of Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyXidian UniversityXi’an 710126China Xi’an key Laboratory of Reconfigurable Chip and Materials School of Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyXidian UniversityXi’an 710126China Frontier Research Center of Thin Films and Coatings for Device Applications Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary ResearchXidian UniversityXi’an 710126China

Ferroelectric thin films based on HfO_(2) have garnered increasing attention worldwide,primarily due to their remarkable compatibility with silicon and scalability,in contrast to traditional perovskite-structured ferroelectric ***,significant challenges remain in their widespread commercial utilization,particularly concerning their notable wake-up effect and limited *** address these challenges,we propose a novel strategy involving the inhomogeneous distribution of Hf/Zr elements within thin films and explore its effects on the ferroelectricity and endurance of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2) thin *** techniques such as grazing incidence X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,and piezoresponse force microscopy,we investigated the structural characteristics and domain switching behaviors of these *** experimental results indicate that the inhomogeneous distribution of Hf/Zr contributes to improving the frequency stability and endurance while maintaining a large remnant polarization in Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2) ferroelectric thin *** adjusting the distribution of Zr/Hf within the Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2) thin films,significant enhancements in the remnant polarization(2p_(r)>35μC/cm2)and endurance(>109)along with a reduced coercive voltage can be ***,the fabricated ferroelectric thin films also exhibit high dielectric tunability(≥26%)under a low operating voltage of 2.5 V,whether in the wake-up state or *** study offers a promising approach to optimize both the ferroelectricity and endurance of HfO_(2)-based thin films.

关键词： ferroelectric capacitors thin films ferroelectricity hafnium zirconium oxide

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On the Quantum Cohomology of Blow-ups of Four-dimensional Quadrics

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 313-328页

作者： Jian Xun HU Hua Zhong ke Chang Zheng LI Lei SONG School of Mathematics Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275P.R.China

We propose a conjecture relevant to Galkin’s lower bound conjecture,and verify it for the blow-ups of a four-dimensional quadric at a point or along a projective *** also show that Conjecture O holds in these two cases.

关键词： Quantum cohomology blow-up quadric hypersurface

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Effect of viral hepatitis on type 2 diabetes:A Mendelian randomization study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 220-231页

作者： Yun-Feng Yu Gang Hu ke-ke Tong Xin-Yu Yang Jing-Yi Wu Rong Yu The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410007Hunan ProvinceChina The Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Changde 415213Hunan ProvinceChina College of Chinese Medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina The Third Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310005Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The effects of viral hepatitis(VH)on type 2 diabetes(T2D)remain *** To analyze the causal correlation between different types of VH and T2D using Mendelian randomization(MR).METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms of VH,chronic hepatitis B(CHB),chronic hepatitis C(CHC)and T2D were obtained from the BioBank Japan project,European Bioinformatics Institute,and *** variance weighted,MREgger,and weighted median were used to test exposure-outcome *** MR-Egger intercept analysis and Cochran’s Q test were used to assess horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity,***-one-out sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the robustness of the MR analysis *** The MR analysis showed no significant causal relationship between VH and T2D in Europeans[odds ratio(OR)=1.028;95%confidence interval(CI):0.995-1.062,p=0.101].There was a negative causal association between CHB and T2D among East Asians(OR=0.949;95%CI:0.931-0.968,pp=0.551).Intercept analysis and Cochran’s Q test showed no horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity(p>0.05).Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were *** Among East Asians,CHB is associated with a reduced T2D risk,but this association is limited by HBV load and *** VH among Europeans and CHC among East Asians are not associated with the risk of T2D,focusing on blood glucose in patients with CHC is still relevant for the early detection of T2D induced by CHCmediated pathways of hepatic steatosis,liver fibrosis,and cirrhosis.

关键词： Viral hepatitis Chronic hepatitis B Chronic hepatitis C Type 2 diabetes Mendelian randomization

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Interparticle energy transfer between NaNdF_(4) and NaYbF_(4) in self-assembled nanostructures

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1029-1035,I0001页

作者： Xinyu Chen Haoze Yang Yuyang Gu Chenqing Wen Yishuo Sun Jiaming ke Wei Feng Department of Chemistry and State key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of polymers Fudan University Shanghai200433China

Forster resonance energy transfer(FRET)is a widely used spectroscopic *** development of donor-acceptor combinations is essential to advance this *** make the energy transfer efficiency independent of the external environment,we explored the potential of constructing donor—acceptor combinations with lanthanide ion-doped nanoparticles(LNps),in which the 4f electrons of the lanthanide ions are shielded by the 5s and 6p ***-radiative energy transfer between LNps was demonstrated in self-assembled nanostructures and core-shell structure of LNps was used to control the distance between donor and acceptor in self-assembled *** emission intensity ratio of donor and acceptor illustrates that the energy transfer efficiency decreases significantly with increasing distance and the effective energy transfer distance is 8.5 nm,showing the potential of using LNps as donor-acceptor pairs in the construction of distance-dependent energy transfer system.

关键词： Lanthanide nanoparticles Self-assembly Energy transfer Distance Epitaxialgrowth Rare earths

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