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Ileal-anal pouches: A review of its history, indications, and complications

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第31期25卷 4320-4342页

作者： Kheng-Seong Ng simon joseph gonsalves Peter Michael Sagar John Goligher Colorectal Unit St.James’s University HospitalLeeds LS9 7TFUnited Kingdom Institute of Academic Surgery University of SydneyCamperdownNew South Wales 2050Australia Department of Colorectal Surgery Huddersfield Royal InfirmaryCalderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation TrustHuddersfield HD3 3EAUnited Kingdom

The ileal pouch anal anastomosis(IPAA)has revolutionised the surgical management of ulcerative colitis(UC)and familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP).Despite refinement in surgical technique(s)and patient selection,IPAA can be associated with significant *** the IPAA celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2018,this review provides a timely outline of its history,indications,and *** has undergone significant modification since *** both UC and FAP,IPAA surgery aims to definitively cure disease and prevent malignant degeneration,while providing adequate continence and avoiding a permanent *** majority of patients experience long-term success,but“early”and“late”complications are *** sepsis is a common early complication with far-reaching consequences of long-term pouch dysfunction,but prompt intervention(either radiological or surgical)reduces the risk of pouch *** in the absence of sepsis,pouch dysfunction is a longterm complication that may have a myriad of *** is a common cause that remains incompletely understood and difficult to manage at times.10%of patients succumb to the diagnosis of pouch failure,which is traditionally associated with the need for pouch *** review provides a timely outline of the history,indications,and complications associated with *** selection remains key,and contraindications exist for this surgery.A structured management plan is vital to the successful management of complications following pouch surgery.

关键词： Ileal pouch Restorative proctocolectomy Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Familial adenomatous polyposis

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Is there still a role for cytotoxic chemotherapy after targeted therapy and immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma? A case report and literature review

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2017年第4期36卷 202-206页

作者： Aurélien simon Hampig Raphael Kourie joseph Kerger Jules Bordet Institute Free University of Brussels Brussels Belgium

Metastatic melanoma has long been considered to have a very poor prognosis and to be chemo-resistant. However, a subgroup of patients with metastatic melanoma presents remarkable responses to chemotherapeutic agents, even in the absence of a response to modern targeted therapies and immunotherapies; accordingly, determining predictive biomarkers of the response to chemotherapies for metastatic melanoma remains a priority to guide treatment in these patients. We report a case study of a patient with B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase-mutated metastatic melanoma harbouring many genetic mutations. The patient did not respond to prior targeted therapies or immunotherapies but experienced a dramatic objective radiological and clinical response to subsequent dacarbazine-based chemotherapy. In the era of targeted therapies and immunotherapies for metastatic melanoma, cytotoxic chemotherapies may still represent an interesting therapeutic weapon in a well-deined subgroup of patients presenting with speciic genetic and molecular features.

关键词： Metastatic melanoma Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Checkpoint inhibitors Vemurafenib ATM mutation Chemosensitivity

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EtherClue:Digital investigation of attacks on Ethereum smart contracts

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2021年第4期2卷 12-29页

作者： simon joseph Aquilina Fran Casino Mark Vella Joshua Ellul Constantinos Patsakis Department of Computer Science University of MaltaMsidaMSD 2080Malta Department of Informatics University of PiraeusPiraeus18534Greece Information Management Systems Institute Athena Research CenterMarousi15125Greece Centre for Distributed Ledger Technologies University of MaltaMsidaMSD 2080Malta

Programming errors in Ethereum smart contracts can result in catastrophic financial losses from stolen *** vulnerability detectors can prevent vulnerable contracts from being deployed,this does not mean that such contracts will not be *** a vulnerable contract is instantiated on the blockchain and becomes the target of attacks,the identification of exploit transactions becomes indispensable in assessing whether it has been actually exploited and identifying which malicious or subverted accounts were *** this work,we study the problem of post-factum investigation of Ethereum attacks using Indicators of Compromise(IoC)specially crafted for use in the *** definitions need to capture the side-effects of successful exploitation in the context of the Ethereum ***,we define a model for smart contract execution,comprising multiple abstraction levels that mirror the multiple views of code execution on a ***,we compare IoCs defined across the different levels in terms of their effectiveness and practicality through EtherClue,a prototype tool for investigating Ethereum security *** results illustrate that coarse-grained IoCs defined over blocks of transactions can detect exploit transactions with less ***,they are contract-specific and suffer from false *** the other hand,fine-grained IoCs defined over virtual machine instructions can avoid these pitfalls at the expense of increased computation,which is nevertheless applicable for practical use.

关键词： Blockchain forensics Ethereum attacks Indicators of compromise Ethereum operational semantics

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Management of proximal biceps tendon pathology

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第1期13卷 36-57页

作者： simon P Lalehzarian Avinesh Agarwalla joseph N Liu The Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Westchester Medical CenterValhallaNY 10595United States USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine Keck Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90033United States

The long head of the biceps tendon is widely recognized as an important pain generator,especially in anterior shoulder pain and dysfunction with athletes and working *** purpose of this review is to provide a current understanding of the long head of the biceps tendon anatomy and its surrounding structures,function,and relevant clinical information such as evaluation,treatment options,and complications in hopes of helping orthopaedic surgeons counsel their *** understanding of the long head of the biceps tendon anatomy and its surrounding structures is helpful to determine normal function as well as pathologic injuries that stem *** biceps-labral complex has been identified and broken down into different regions that can further enhance a physician’s knowledge of common anterior shoulder pain *** various physical examination maneuvers exist meant to localize the anterior shoulder pain,the lack of specificity requires orthopaedic surgeons to rely on patient history,advanced imaging,and diagnostic injections in order to determine the patient’s next *** treatment options such as anti-inflammatory medications,physical therapy,and ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injections should be utilized before entertaining surgical treatment *** surgery is needed,the three options include biceps tenotomy,biceps tenodesis,or superior labrum anterior to posterior *** for biceps tenodesis,recent studies have analyzed open vs arthroscopic techniques,the ideal location of tenodesis with intra-articular,suprapectoral,subpectoral,extra-articular top of groove,and extra-articular bottom of groove approaches,and the best method of fixation using interference screws,suture anchors,or cortical *** surgeons should be aware of the complications of each procedure and respond accordingly for each *** treated,patients often have good to excellent clinical outcomes and low rates of complicat

关键词： Shoulder pathology Long head of the biceps tendon Biceps-labral complex Biceps tenotomy Biceps tenodesis Superior labrum anterior to posterior lesions

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Return to work following shoulder arthroplasty:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第9期13卷 837-852页

BACKGROUND Many patients prioritize the ability to return to work(RTW)after shoulder replacement surgeries such as total shoulder arthroplasty(TSA),reverse TSA(rTSA),and shoulder hemiarthroplasty(HA).Due to satisfactory clinical and functional long-term outcomes,the number of shoulder replacements performed will continue to rise into this next *** younger individuals who compose a significant amount of the workforce receiving shoulder replacements,patients will begin to place a higher priority on their ability to RTW following shoulder *** To summarize RTW outcomes following TSA,rTSA,and HA,and analyze the effects of workers’compensation status on RTW rates and *** This systematic review and analysis was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.A literature search regarding RTW following shoulder arthroplasty was performed using four databases(PubMed,Scopus,Embase,and Cochrane Library),and the Reference Citation Analysis(https://***/).All studies in English relevant to shoulder arthroplasty and RTW through January 2021 that had a level of evidence I to IV were *** studies,literature reviews,case reports,and those not reporting on RTW after shoulder arthroplasty were *** The majority of patients undergoing TSA,rTSA,or HA were able to RTW betweenone to four months,depending on work demand *** sedentary or light demand jobs generally have higher rates of RTW,moderate or heavy demand jobs tend to have poorer rates of *** rates of RTW following TSA(71%-93%)were consistently higher than those reported for HA(69%-82%)and rTSA(56%-65%).Furthermore,workers’compensation status negatively influenced clinical outcomes following shoulder *** a pooled means analysis,we proposed guidelines for the average time to RTW after TSA,rTSA,and *** TSA,rTSA,and HA,the average time to RTW re

关键词： Shoulder replacement Total shoulder arthroplasty Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty Hemiarthroplasty Return to work

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Machine learning in orthopaedic surgery

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第9期12卷 685-699页

作者： simon P Lalehzarian Anirudh K Gowd joseph N Liu The Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Wake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston-SalemNC 27157United States USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine Keck Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90033United States

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in orthopaedic surgery has gained mass interest over the last decade or *** prior studies,researchers have demonstrated that machine learning in orthopaedics can be used for different applications such as fracture detection,bone tumor diagnosis,detecting hip implant mechanical loosening,and grading *** time goes on,the utility of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms,such as deep learning,continues to grow and expand in orthopaedic *** purpose of this review is to provide an understanding of the concepts of machine learning and a background of current and future orthopaedic applications of machine learning in risk assessment,outcomes assessment,imaging,and basic science *** most cases,machine learning has proven to be just as effective,if not more effective,than prior methods such as logistic regression in assessment and *** the help of deep learning algorithms,such as artificial neural networks and convolutional neural networks,artificial intelligence in orthopaedics has been able to improve diagnostic accuracy and speed,flag the most critical and urgent patients for immediate attention,reduce the amount of human error,reduce the strain on medical professionals,and improve *** machine learning has shown diagnostic and prognostic uses in orthopaedic surgery,physicians should continue to research these techniques and be trained to use these methods effectively in order to improve orthopaedic treatment.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Supervised learning Unsupervised learning Deep learning Orthopaedic surgery

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Talking Tips Text Review

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2018年第2期 46-47,56页

作者： joseph Calpin simon Stopps

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TALKING TIPS

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2018年第1期 46-47,56页

作者： joseph Calpln simon Stopps

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MOLECULAR CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE cDNA CODING FOR HEPATITIS B VIRUS SURFACE ANTIGEN

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Science China Chemistry 1985年第1期28卷 49-59页

作者：何葆光,joseph L. MELNICK,ALEEM SIDDIQUI,WILLIAM S. ROBINSON,simon W. LAW,EUGENE C. LAI Shanghai Institute of Biological Products Ministry of Public Health PRC Department of Virology and Epidemiology Baylor Colleye of Medicine USA Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine USA Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine USA Department of Cell Biology Baylor College of Medicine USA Department of Cell Biology Baylor College of Medicine USA

Hepatitis B virus surface antigen （HBsAg） inRNA has been enriched from a hepatoma cell line （PLC/PRF/5） by specific polysome immunoprecipitation and used for cDNA cloning. A HBsAg cDNA clone was identified by in situ hybridization with a cloned viral probe. It was characterized by restriction endonuclease mapping and DNA sequence analysis. Molecular hybridization of PLC/PRF/5 cellular DNA and RNA to [32P]-labeled HBsAg cDNA revealed the integration of at least six copies of the hepatitis B virus （HBV） DNA into the host genome and expression of three DNA species confining HBsAg-specific sequences. The possible role of HBV in the oncogenesis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma is discussed.

关键词： DNA RNA HBsAg MOLECULAR CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE cDNA CODING FOR HEPATITIS B VIRUS SURFACE ANTIGEN

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Effect of weekend admission on geriatric hip fractures

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第9期11卷 391-399页

作者： Jordan B Pasternack Matthew L Ciminero Michael Silver joseph Chang Ronald J simon Kevin K Kang Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Maimonides Medical CenterBrooklynNY 11219United States Department of Trauma Surgery Maimonides Medical CenterBrooklynNY 11219United States

BACKGROUND The care discrepancy for patients presenting to a hospital on the weekend relative to the work week is well *** respect to hip fractures,however,there is no consensus about the presence of a so-called“weekend effect”.This study sought to determine the effects,if any,of weekend admission on care of geriatric hip fractures admitted to a large tertiary care *** was hypothesized that geriatric hip fracture patients admitted on a weekend would have longer times to medical optimization and surgery and increased complication and mortality rates relative to those admitted on a *** To determine if weekend admission of geriatric hip fractures is associated with poor outcome measures and surgical *** A retrospective chart review of operative geriatric hip fractures treated from 2015-2017 at a large tertiary care hospital was *** cohorts were compared:patients who arrived at the emergency department on a weekend,and those that arrived at the emergency department on a *** outcome measures included mortality rate,complication rate,transfusion rate,and length of *** outcome measures included time from emergency department arrival to surgery,time from emergency department arrival to medical optimization,and time from medical optimization to *** There were no statistically significant differences in length of stay(P=0.2734),transfusion rate(P=0.9325),or mortality rate(P=0.3460)between the weekend and weekday *** rate was higher in patients who presented on a weekend compared to patients who presented on a weekday(13.3%vs 8.3%;P=0.044).Time from emergency department arrival to medical optimization(22.7 h vs 20.0 h;P=0.0015),time from medical optimization to surgery(13.9 h vs 10.8 h;P=0.0172),and time from emergency department arrival to surgery(42.7 h vs 32.5 h;P<0.0001)were all significantly longer in patients who presented to the hospital on a weekend compared to patients

关键词： Hip fracture Weekend admission Time to surgery Morbidity Mortality Complication

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