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Neuroscience & Medicine 2011年第4期2卷 318-329页

作者： Nicola M. j. Edelstyn Thomas A. Shepherd Andrew R. Mayes Susan M. Sherman simon j. ellis 不详

Idiopathic nondementing Parkinson’s disease (PD) is marked by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. Recent brain imaging work implicates these structures in dopamine modulated networks subserving episodic memory. These findings are of relevance to PD because they suggest that dopamine depletion contributes to the disease-dependent decline in episodic memory, and therefore, this decline should, at least partially, be remediated by dopaminergic medication. Recognition memory (RM), recollection and familiarity during recognition was examined in 17 PD patients, 12 of whom were medicated with a D2 dopamine agonist (pramipexole or ropinirole) and l-dopa, with a further 5 PD control patients on l-dopa but no D2 agonist. Memory was tested “ON” and, following a period of medication withdrawal, “OFF” and compared to a group of 14 matched healthy volunteers (HV). The HVs were also tested twice in the absence of medication. The patients on the agonists PD showed significant impairments in recollection ON- and OFF-medication, whereas the l-dopa control patients exhibited a decline in OFF-recollection only. RM and familiarity were spared in both groups ON- and OFF-medication. These findings suggest that D2 dopamine agonists (combined with l-dopa) contribute to disease-dependent episodic memory impairment.

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease D2 Dopamine Agonists L-Dopa Recognition Recollection Familiarity

Analysis of Longitudinal Profiles along the Eastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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j.urnal of Mountain Science 2013年第4期10卷 643-657页

作者： simon j. Aiken Gary j. Brierley School of Environment the University of AucklandAuckland 1010 New Zealand

Resulting from the collision of the Eurasian and Indian plates, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is commonly known as the ＇roof of the world＇. Collectively the Yarlung Tsangpo, Nu, Laneang, Yangtze, Yalong, and Yellow River basins drain the eastern margin of the plateau. In this paper, we utilize Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation data to examine morphometric and relief attributes of these basins to reveal insights rates of incision. A robust into tectonic activity and technique using Maflab is proposed to alleviate errors associated with SRTM data in the derivation of river longitudinal profiles. Convex longitudinal profiles are interpreted to be a product of uplift rates that exceed rates of channel incision along the entire margin of the Qinghai- Tibetan Plateau. Highest relief towards the south reflects extensive fluvial incision. High relief is also prominent along maj.r active faults. Erosion patterns are related to distance from knickpoints. Highest rates of erosion and incision are evident towards the south, with decreasing values towards the north, suggesting a link between tectonic activity and erosion.

关键词： Longitudinal profile Erosion Relief Tectonics Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Celiac disease:Management of persistent symptoms in patients on a gluten-free diet

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2012年第12期18卷 1348-1356页

作者： David H Dewar Suzanne C Donnelly simon D McLaughlin Matthew W j.hnson H j.lia ellis Paul j.Ciclitira King's College London Division of Diabetes and Nutritional SciencesDepartment of GastroenterologyThe Rayne InstituteSt Thomas' HospitalLondon SE1 7EHUnited Kingdom

AIM:To investigate all patients referred to our center with non-responsive celiac disease (NRCD),to establish a cause for their continued ***:We assessed all patients referred to our center with non-responsive celiac disease over an 18-mo *** individuals were investigated to establish the eitiology of their continued *** patients were first seen in clinic where a thorough history and examination were performed with routine blood work including tissue transglutaminase antibody *** were also referred to a specialist gastroenterology dietician to try to identift any lapses in the diet and sources of hidden gluten ingestion.A repeat small intestinal biopsy was also performed and compared to biopsies from the referring hospital where ***,lactulose hydrogen breath testing,pancreolauryl testing and computed tomography scan of the abdomen were undertaken if the symptoms *** clinical progress was followed over a minimum of 2 ***:One hundred and twelve consecutive patients were referred with *** were found not to have celiac disease (CD).Of the remaining 100 patients,45% were not adequately adhering to a strict gluten-free diet,with 24 (53%) found to be inadvertently ingesting gluten,and 21 (47%) admitting *** colitis was diagnosed in 12% and small bowel bacterial overgrowth in 9%.Refractory CD was diagnosed in 9%.Three of these were diagnosed with intestinal *** 2 years,78 patients remained well,eight had continuing symptoms,and four had ***:In individuals with NRCD,a remediable cause can be found in 90%:with continued gluten ingestion as the leading *** propose an algorithm for investigation.

关键词： Celiac disease Non-responsive celiac disea-se Refractory celiac disease Gluten Gluten-free diet

An algorithm for family screening for coeliac disease

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2006年第48期12卷 7805-7809页

作者： j.celyn S Fraser Alistair L King H j.lia ellis simon j.Moodie Ingvar Bj.rnason j.ll Swift Paul j.Ciclitira Division of Nutritional Sciences King's College London United Kingdom Division of Nutritional Sciences King’s College London United Kingdom

AIM: To assess the level of undiagnosed coeliac disease (CD) in relatives of patients affected by the condition. METHODS: We collected blood from 914 relatives of probands. We screened these individuals by ELISA for IgA and IgG tTG antibodies, confirming any positive IgA tTG results with an IgA EMA and looked for evidence of IgA deficiency in those who were IgG tTG positive alone, and performed IgG1 EMA in these individuals. We undertook HLA typing where positive screening was found, and this confirmed a strong prevalence of HLA- DQ2 in the coeliac population. Follow-up small intestinal biopsy was undertaken in cases with positive serological screening, wherever possible. RESULTS:Use of this serological screening algorithm revealed a prevalence of undiagnosed CD in 5%-6% of first degree relatives of probands. CONCLUSION:Our data suggests that first degree relatives of individuals with CD should be screened for this condition.

关键词： Coeliac disease Screening Endomysialantibody Familial study IgA deficiency Prevalence Tissue transglutaminase

Identification of Differentially Senescing Mutants of Wheat and Impacts on Yield,Biomass and Nitrogen Partitioning

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j.urnal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第8期54卷 555-566页

作者： Adinda P.Derkx simon Orford simon Griffiths M.j.hn Foulkes Malcolm j. Hawkesford Plant Biology and Crop Science Department Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenHertfordshireAL5 2JQUK Division of Plant&Crop Sciences School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusNr LoughboroughLE12 5RDUK j.hn Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkColneyNorwich NR4 7UHUK

Increasing photosynthetic capacity by extending canopy longevity during grain filling using slow senescing stay-green genotypes is a possible means to improve yield in wheat. Ethyl methanesulfonate （EMS） mutated wheat lines （Triticum aestivum L. cv. Paragon） were screened for fast and slow canopy senescence to investigate the impact on yield and nitrogen partitioning. Stay-green and fast-senescing lines with similar anthesis dates were characterised in detail. Delayed senescence was only apparent at higher nitrogen supply with low nitrogen supply enhancing the rate of senescence in all lines. In the stay-green line 3 （SG3）, on a whole plant basis, tiller and seed number increased whilst thousand grain weight （TGW） decreased; although a greater N uptake was observed in the main tiller, yield was not affected. In fast-senescing line 2 （FS2）, yield decreased, principally as a result of decreased TGW. Analysis of N-partitioning in the main stem indicated that although the slow-senescing line had lower biomass and consequently less nitrogen in all plant parts, the proportion of biomass and nitrogen in the flag leaf was greater at anthesis compared to the other lines; this contributed to the grain N and yield of the slow-senescing line at maturity in both the main tiller and in the whole plant. A field trial confirmed senescence patterns of the two lines, and the negative impact on yield for FS2 and a positive impact for SG3 at low N only. The lack of increased yield in the slow-senescing line was likely due to decreased biomass and additionally a possible sink limitation.

关键词： Wheat senescence stay-green grain-filling yield nitrogen.

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INFLATION

Chinese Physics C 2016年第10期40卷 367-379页

作者： j. ellis D. Wands King's College London CERN U. of Portsmouth

23.1. Motivation and Introduction The standard Big-Bang model of cosmology provides a successful framework in which to understand the thermal history of our Universe and the growth of cosmic structure, but it is essentially incomplete. As described in Sec. 22.2.4 in ＂Big Bang Cosmology＂ review, Big-Bang cosmology requires very specific initial conditions. It postulates a uniform cosmological background, described by a spatially-flat, homogeneous and isotropic Robertson-Walker （RW） metric （Eq. （22.1） in ＂Big Bang Cosmology＂ review）, with scale factor R（t）. Within this setting, it also requires an initial almost scale-invariant distribution of primordial density perturbations as seen, for example, in the cosmic microwave background （CMB） radiation （described in Chap. 28, ＂Cosmic Microwave Background＂ review）, on scales far larger than the causal horizon at the time the CMB photons last scattered.

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In situ characterization of particle formation in spray flame synthesis using wide-angle light scattering

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 304-312页

作者： simon Aβmann Franz j.T.Huber Stefan Will Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik(LTT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen91058Germany Erlangen Graduate Schoolin Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg(FAU)Erlangen91052Germany Competence Unit Engineering of Advanced Materials(EAM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)Erlangen91052Germany

Wide-angle light scattering(WALS)was used for in situ measurements of droplet and nanoparticle size distributions during the synthesis of titania and iron oxide particles from liquid precursor solutions in the standardized SpraySyn burner for spray flame *** was synthesized from titanium tetraisopropoxide(TTIP)and iron oxide from iron(II)nitrate nonahydrate(INN)using ethanol(EtOH)as *** images were taken at heights up to 120 mm above the burner surface and classified into droplet and particle *** size distributions were derived from a sequential analysis of scattering data containing the oscillating Mie pattern,the lognormal size distribution parameters for spherical and fractal particle fractions from a multivariate approach on averaged particle scattering *** results show that the precursor addition leads to altered evaporation behavior and even droplet disruption probably induced by puffing or micro-explosions compared to pure *** the case of TTIP(a hygroscopic alkoxide),the synthesis of a large fraction of spheres was observed,while the nitrate INN leads to the formation of mostly fractal aggregates.

关键词： Spray flame synthesis Metal oxide particles Elastic light scattering Droplet size distribution Nanoparticle morphology Particle size distribution

Ileal pouch surgery for ulcerative colitis

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2007年第24期13卷 3288-3300页

作者： simon P Bach Neil j.Mortensen Department of Colorectal Surgery John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford OX3 9DU United Kingdom

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing and remitting disease characterised by chronic mucosal and submucosal inflammation of the colon and rectum. Treatment may vary depending upon the extent and severity of inflammation. Broadly speaking medical treatments aim to induce and then maintain remission. Surgery is indicated for inflammatory disease that is refractory to medical treatment or in cases of neoplastic transformation. Approximately 25% of patients with UC ultimately require colectomy. Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) has become the standard of care for patients with ulcerative colitis who ultimately require colectomy. This review will examine indications for IPAA, patient selection, technical aspects of surgery, management of complications and long term outcome following this procedure.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Ileal Pouch Ileal pouch anal anastomosis

Oil-bearing fluid inclusions from the Palaeoproterozoic:A review of biogeochemical results from time-capsules >2.0 Ga old

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第1期52卷 1-11页

作者： simon C. GEORGE Adriana DUTKIEWICZ Herbert VOLK j.hn RIDLEY David j. MOSSMAN Roger BUICK Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Macquarie University School of Geosciences University of Sydney CSIRO Petroleum Department of Geosciences Colorado State University Department of Geography Mount Allison University Department of Earth and Space Sciences & Astrobiology Program University of Washington

The observation of oil inclusions trapped prior to 2.0 Ga in Palaeoproterozoic rocks and the ability to obtain detailed molecular geochemical information from them provide a robust way for understanding the early biog... 详细信息

关键词： Palaeoproterozoic fluid inclusion oil biomarker blank

Structural Basis of Interaction of Bipartite Nuclear Localization Signal from Agrobacterium VirD2 with Rice Importin-o

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Molecular Plant 2014年第6期7卷 1061-1064页

作者： Chiung-Wen Chang simon j. Williams Rafael Miguez Couñago Bostj.n Kobe School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre University of Queensland Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia

Dear Editor, In the eukaryotic cell, the nuclear envelope separates genomic DNA from the rest of the cell, but ensures a molecu- lar communication between the nucleus and the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore complexes （NPCs）. Nuclear trans- port of macromolecules is an energy-dependent process, exemplified by the classical nuclear import pathway. In the cytoplasm, proteins containing classical nuclear localization signals （cNLSs） are recognized by a hetero-dimeric transport receptor （importin-α （Impα）：importin-β （Impl3） complex）. Impa is employed as an adaptor protein that specifically rec-ognizes the classical nuclear localization signal （cNLS） from the cargo protein （Marfori et al., 2011）. Translocation of the trimeric cargo：transport receptor import complex through the NPCs is mediated by transient interactions between Impβ and nucleoporins in the NPC. The directionality of the trans- port is imparted by the asymmetric distribution, between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, of the distinct nucleotide-bound （GTP/GDP） states of the small GTPase Ran （Tran et al., 2007）.

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