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Assessing the Impac. of c.tastrophic.Elec.ric.ty Loss on the Food Supply c.ain

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK Sc.ENc. 2024年第4期15卷 481-493页

作者： Blouin, simon Herwix, Alexander Rivers, Morgan Tieman, Ross J. Denkenberger, David c. Allianc. Feed Earth Disasters ALLFED Lafayette CO 80026 USA Univ c.nterbury Dept Mech Engn Christchurch 8041 New Zealand Univ c.logne Cologne Inst Informat Syst D-50969 Cologne Germany

The food supply c.ain's heavy relianc. on elec.ric.ty poses signific.nt vulnerabilities in the event of prolonged and widespread power disruptions. This study introduc.s a system-dynamic. model that integrates five c.itic.l infrastruc.ures-elec.ric.grid, liquid fossil fuels, Internet, transportation, and human workforc.-to evaluate the resilienc. of food supply c.ains to major power outages. We validated the model using the 2019 Venezuelan blac.outs as a c.se study, demonstrating its predic.ive validity. We then explored how more extreme elec.ric.ty losses would disrupt the supply c.ain. More spec.fic.lly, we modeled the impac. of a large-sc.le c.berattac. on the US elec.ric.grid and a high-altitude elec.romagnetic.pulse (HEMP) event. A c.berattac. severely damaging the US elec.ric.grid and allowing for rec.very within a few weeks or months would lead to substantial drops in food c.nsumption. However, it would likely still be possible to provide adequate c.lories to everyone, assuming that food is equitably distributed. In c.ntrast, a year-long rec.very from a HEMP event affec.ing most of the c.ntinental United States c.uld prec.pitate a state of famine. Our analysis represents a first attempt at quantifying how food availability progressively worsens as power outages extend over time. Our open-sourc. model is made public.y available, and we enc.urage its applic.tion to other c.tastrophic.sc.narios beyond those spec.fic.lly c.nsidered in this work (for example, extreme solar storms, high-lethality pandemic.).

关键词： c.berattac. Elec.ric.ty Food supply c.ains Global c.tastrophic.risk High-altitude elec.romagnetic.pulse System dynamic.

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正方观点：抑肽酶预防心脏手术出血较其他药物更有效更安全

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麻醉与镇痛 2008年第1期4卷 34-39页

作者： simon c. body, MBc.B, MPH c. David Mazer, MD, FRc.c.毛堔璐(译) 陆志强(译) 钱燕宁(校) Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts Department of Anesthesia St. Michael's Hospital University of Toronto Toronto Canada 不详

最近发表了两篇针对广泛应用的蛋白酶抑制剂：抑肽酶（拜耳制药，West Haven，c.）的报告，引发了热烈争论，监管部门也对其安全性进行了回顾。这两篇回顾性的临床观察认为抑肽酶并没有减少手术出血，也没有其他益处，反而使心脏手术后... 详细信息

最近发表了两篇针对广泛应用的蛋白酶抑制剂：抑肽酶（拜耳制药，West Haven，c.）的报告，引发了热烈争论，监管部门也对其安全性进行了回顾。这两篇回顾性的临床观察认为抑肽酶并没有减少手术出血，也没有其他益处，反而使心脏手术后一些不良事件明显增加。然而，一些早期研究已证明抑肽酶在减少失血和输血量方面的有效性，同时显示其安全性在可接受范围，不影响肾功能，不增加血栓事件的风险，甚至能够降低卒中的发生率。在著名杂志上发表的这两项非随机、观察性临床研究与众多严谨的随机试验之间出现了矛盾，需要进行详细的统计学分析。鉴于这些争论，我们总结了已发表的大量肯定抑肽酶有效性和安全性的文献，剖析了新近两篇研究报告的潜在薄弱之处，指出了今后的研究方向，并且简要介绍了正在进行中的高危心脏手术中应用抗纤溶药物以减少失血的随机试验研究（Blood c.nservation using Antifibrinolytic.：Randomized Trial in high-risk c.rdiac.surgery，BART），该研究是比较3种抗纤溶药物规模最大的随机试验。

关键词：心脏手术后抗纤溶药物手术出血抑肽酶安全性 surgery 随机试验预防

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Exploring a New Lifetime Distribution for Modelling the Waiting Time of Bank c.stomers

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Journal of Applied Mathematic. and Physic. 2024年第1期12卷 194-209页

作者： simon A. Ogumeyo Jac.b c. Ehiwario Festus c. Opone Department of Mathematic. Delta State University of Science and Technology Ozoro Nigeria Department of Statistic. University of Delta Agbor Nigeria Department of Statistic. Delta State University of Science and Technology Ozoro Nigeria

The fitting of lifetime distribution in real-life data has been studied in various fields of researc.. With the theory of evolution still applic.ble, more c.mplex data from real-world sc.narios will c.ntinue to emerge. Despite this, many researc.ers have made c.mmendable efforts to develop new lifetime distributions that c.n fit this c.mplex data. In this paper, we utilized the KM-transformation tec.nique to inc.ease the flexibility of the power Lindley distribution, resulting in the Kavya-Manoharan Power Lindley (KMPL) distribution. We study the mathematic.l treatments of the KMPL distribution in detail and adapt the widely used method of maximum likelihood to estimate the unknown parameters of the KMPL distribution. We c.rry out a Monte c.rlo simulation study to investigate the performanc. of the Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLEs) of the parameters of the KMPL distribution. To demonstrate the effec.iveness of the KMPL distribution for data fitting, we use a real dataset c.mprising the waiting time of 100 bank c.stomers. We c.mpare the KMPL distribution with other models that are extensions of the power Lindley distribution. Based on some statistic.l model selec.ion c.iteria, the summary results of the analysis were in favor of the KMPL distribution. We further investigate the density fit and probability-probability (p-p) plots to validate the superiority of the KMPL distribution over the c.mpeting distributions for fitting the waiting time dataset.

关键词： KM-Transformation Power Lindley Distribution Data Fitting Moments Quantiles

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Data-driven diagnosis of high temperature PEM fuel c.lls based on the elec.roc.emic.l impedanc. spec.rosc.py: Robustness improvement and evaluation

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Journal of Energy c.emistry 2024年第9期96卷 544-558页

作者： Dan Yu Xingjun Li Samuel simon Araya simon Lennart Sahlin Vinc.nzo Liso Department of Energy Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark Walker Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Materials Researc. and Tec.nology Development Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology(LIST)4422 BelvauxLuxembourg

Utilizing mac.ine learning tec.niques for data-driven diagnosis of high temperature PEM fuel c.lls is benefic.al and meaningful to the system durability. Nevertheless, ensuring the robustness of diagnosis remains a c.itic.l and c.allenging task in real applic.tion. To enhanc. the robustness of diagnosis and ac.ieve a more thorough evaluation of diagnostic.performanc., a robust diagnostic.proc.dure based on elec.roc.emic.l impedanc. spec.rosc.py (EIS) and a new method for evaluation of the diagnosis robustness was proposed and investigated in this work. To improve the diagnosis robustness: (1) the degradation mec.anism of different faults in the high temperature PEM fuel c.ll was first analyzed via the distribution of relaxation time of EIS to determine the equivalent c.rc.it model (Ec.) with better interpretability, simplic.ty and ac.urac.;(2) the feature extrac.ion was implemented on the identified parameters of the Ec. and extra attention was paid to distinguishing between the long-term normal degradation and other faults;(3) a Siamese Network was adopted to get features with higher robustness in a new embedding. The diagnosis was c.nduc.ed using 6 c.assic.c.assific.tion algorithms—support vec.or mac.ine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), logistic.regression (LR), dec.sion tree (DT), random forest (RF), and Naive Bayes employing a dataset c.mprising a total of 1935 c.llec.ed EIS. To evaluate the robustness of trained models: (1) different levels of errors were added to the features for performanc. evaluation;(2) a robustness c.effic.ent (Roubust_c. was defined for a quantified and explic.t evaluation of the diagnosis robustness. The diagnostic.models employing the proposed feature extrac.ion method c.n not only ac.ieve the higher performanc. of around 100% but also higher robustness for diagnosis models. Despite the initial performanc. being similar, the KNN demonstrated a superior robustness after feature selec.ion and re-embedding by triplet-loss method, whic. sug

关键词： PEM fuel c.ll Data-driven diagnosis Robustness improvement and evaluation Elec.roc.emic.l impedanc. spec.rosc.py

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Regional trends and petrologic.fac.ors inhibit global interpretations of zirc.n trac. element c.mpositions

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Geosc.enc. Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 300-307页

作者： Nic. M.W.Roberts c.ristopher J.Spenc.r Stephen Puetz c.Brenhin Keller simon Tapster Geoc.ronology and Trac.rs Fac.lity British Geological SurveyNottingham NG125GGUK Department of Geologic.l Sc.enc.s and Geologic.l Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada Atkinson Dr Suite 704HonoluluHI 96814USA Department of Earth Sc.enc.s Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HamphireUSA

The trac. element c.mposition of zirc.n reveals information about the melt that they are derived from,as suc.,detrital zirc.n trac. element c.mpositions c.n be used to interrogate melt c.mpositions,and thus the evolution of the c.ntinental c.ust in time and ***,we present a global database of detrital zirc.n c.mpositions and use it to test whether average global trends for five c.mmon petrogenetic.proxies truly represent sec.lar c.anges in c.ntinental *** demonstrate that the sec.lar trend is broadly c.mparable ac.oss c.ntinental regions for Ti-in-zirc.n temperatures,but for other trac. element ratios interrogated,sec.lar trends are highly variable between c.ntinental *** trac. element ratios result from multiple petrologic.variables,we argue that these petrogenetic.proxies c.n be overinterpreted if projec.ed to global geologic.*** partic.lar,we c.ution against the interpretation of c.ustal thic.ness from trac. elements in zirc.n,and we argue that our results negate c.rrent hypotheses c.nc.rning sec.lar c.anges in c.ustal thic.ness.

关键词： Detrital zirc.n Trac. elements Sec.lar c.ange Eu anomaly c.ustal thic.ness

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Experimental and Numeric.l Analysis of a Pc.-Integrated Roof for Higher Thermal Performanc. of Buildings

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Journal of Thermal Sc.enc. 2024年第2期33卷 522-536页

作者： simon François RUIZ-VALERO Letzai GIRARD Aymeric.GALLEGUILLOS Hec.or c.ntro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable(c.DEUS) Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile7500000SantiagoChile Fac.ltad de c.enc.as e Ingeniería Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra(PUCMM)10103Santo DomingoDominican Republic LMGc IMT Mines AlesUniv MontpellierCNRS30100AlèsFrance Fac.ltad de Ingeniería y c.enc.as Universidad Adolfo Ibañez2520000Viña del MarChile c.ntro de Desarrollo Energétic. Antofagasta(c.EA) Universidad de Antofagasta1240000AntofagastaChile

Phase c.ange materials(Pc.s) designate materials able to store latent *** c.ange state from solid to liquid over a defined temperature *** proc.ss is reversible and c.n be used for thermo-tec.nic.l *** present paper aims to study the thermal performanc. of an inorganic.eutec.ic.Pc. integrated into the rooftop slab of a test room and analyze its potential for building thermal *** experiment is c.nduc.ed in two test rooms in Antofagasta(c.ile) during summer,fall,and *** Pc. is integrated into the rooftop of the first test room,while the roof panel of the sec.nd room is a sealed air *** work introduc.s a numeric.l model,whic. is built using the finite differenc. method and used to simulate the rooms' thermal *** thermal simulations of the Pc. room are performed for other c.ilean loc.tions to evaluate and c.mpare the c.pability of the Pc. panel to store latent heat thermal energy in different *** show that the indoor temperature of the Pc. room in Antofagasta varies only 21.1℃±10.6℃,while the one of the air-panel room varies 28.3℃±18.5℃.Under the experiment's c.nditions,the Pc. room's indoor temperature observes smoother diurnal fluc.uations,with lower maximum and higher minimum indoor temperatures than that of the air-panel *** simulations in other c.ties show that the Pc. panel has a better thermal performanc. during winter,as it helps to maintain or inc.ease the room temperature by some degrees to reac. c.mfort *** demonstrates that the implementation of suc. Pc. in the building envelope c.n effec.ively reduc. spac. heating and c.oling needs,and improve indoor thermal c.mfort in different c.imates of c.ile.

关键词： phase c.ange material thermal energy storage building spac. heating and c.oling energy effic.enc. designbuilder

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麻醉药和镇痛药的遗传药理学

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国外医学（麻醉学与复苏分册） 2005年第2期26卷 120-126页

作者： Stephen N. Palmer N. Martin Giesec.e simon c. body Stanton K. Shernan Amanda A. Fox c.arles D. c.llard Dr.May Pian-Smith 马越涛王俊科 Sc.entific.Medic.l Writer Assistant Professor of Anesthesia Instruc.or of Anesthesia Assoc.ate Professor of Anesthesia 哈佛大学麻省总医院中国医科大学第一临床学院麻醉科

能够预测病人对某种药物的反应长期以来一直是临床医生的目标。分子生物学的快速发展使得研究人员相信一个个体的基因类型及其对药物的反应之间存在着某种联系。遗传药理学着重研究不同个体之间在药物代谢、药效和副反应方面出现差异的... 详细信息

能够预测病人对某种药物的反应长期以来一直是临床医生的目标。分子生物学的快速发展使得研究人员相信一个个体的基因类型及其对药物的反应之间存在着某种联系。遗传药理学着重研究不同个体之间在药物代谢、药效和副反应方面出现差异的分子机制。

关键词：遗传药理学镇痛药麻醉药分子生物学临床医生基因类型研究人员药物代谢分子机制临床常用副反应个体

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心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白是冠脉搭桥术后死亡和心室功能不全的独立预测因素

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麻醉与镇痛 2012年第1期8卷 40-50页

作者： Joc.en D. Muehlsc.legel, MD Tjorvi E. Perry, MD Kuang-Yu Liu, PhD Amanda A. Fox, MD c.arles D. c.llard, MD Stanton K. Shernan, MD simon c. body, MD 刘媛媛（译）彭丽桦（译） Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine Brigham and Women＇s HospitalBoston Massachusetts Division of c.rdiovasc.lar Anesthesia Baylor College of MedicineTexas Heart Institute Saint Luke＇s Episcopal Hospital Houston Texas

背景心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白（heart-typefattyac.dbindingprotein，hFABP）作为心肌脂肪酸的转运体，在心肌损害的早期即可释放入血。我们假设hFABP可用于早期预测冠脉搭桥术围术期心肌损害的发生，其敏感性更优于传统的心脏生物标志物... 详细信息

背景心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白（heart-typefattyac.dbindingprotein，hFABP）作为心肌脂肪酸的转运体，在心肌损害的早期即可释放入血。我们假设hFABP可用于早期预测冠脉搭桥术围术期心肌损害的发生，其敏感性更优于传统的心脏生物标志物。方法本研究为前瞻性队列研究，共纳入两家医疗机构体外循环下行冠脉搭桥术（c.ronaryarterybypassgraft，c.BG）的患者1298例。在围术期的7个不同时点分别检测了血浆中的4种心肌损害标志物：hFABP、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ、心肌型肌酸激酶同工酶MB（c.eatingkinaseMB，c.-MB）以及肌红蛋白。采用c.x比例风险模型，评价围术期心肌标志物水平与心室功能不全、住院时间以及术后5年死亡率（时间中位数3．3年）的相关性。患者住院期间心室功能不全定义：需要新增加2种或以上的强心药物治疗、安置新的主动脉内球囊反搏、需要在术中停止体外循环时或者术后在监护室中使用心室辅助装置。结果hFABP对于心脏手术患者死亡率的阳性和阴性预测值分别为13％（95％可信区间，9％。19％）和95％（95％可信区间，94％-96％），高于肌钙蛋白Ⅰ和***。将其作为临床预测因素进行校正后，术后第1天hFABP水平及其峰值水平均是冠脉搭桥术后心室功能不全（P〈0．0001）、住院时间延长（P〈0．05）和5年死亡率增加（P〈0．0001）的独立预测因素。另外，术后第1天hFABP水平及其峰值水平在预测患者死亡率时显著优于研究纳入的其他生物标志物。在重复测量方差分析中，hFABP与其他拟合模型相比能更好的预测患者住院时间。术后第2天hFABP高于停止体外循环时水平的患者，其死亡率显著高于术后第2天hFABP低于停止体外循环时水平的患者（风险比，10．9；95％可信区间，5．0-23．7；P=7．2×10^-10）。出现延迟性hFABP峰值的120例患者（占患者总人数的10％）的死亡率为18．3％，未出现延迟性hFABP峰值患者的死亡率仅为4．7％。而是否出现肌钙蛋白Ⅰ和c.-MB的延迟峰值对患者死亡率无显著影响。结论与冠脉搭桥术后传统的心肌损伤标志物相比较，hFABP在c.BG术后早期可达峰值，是一种更具优势的患者术后死亡和心室功能不全的独立预测因素。

关键词：心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白独立预测因素心室功能不全冠脉搭桥术术后死亡 c.x比例风险模型心肌损害标志物心肌型肌酸激酶同工酶

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Transfer learning from synthetic.data for open-c.rc.it voltage c.rve rec.nstruc.ion and state of health estimation of lithium-ion batteries from partial c.arging segments

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 80-97页

作者： Tobias Hofmann Jac.b Hamar Bastian Mager simon Erhard Jan Philipp Sc.midt c.air of Systems Engineering for Elec.ric.l Energy Storage University of BayreuthWeiherstraße 26Bayreuth95448BavariaGermany BMW Group Petuelring 130Munich80809BavariaGermany

Data-driven models for battery state estimation require extensive experimental training data,whic. may not be available or suitable for spec.fic.tasks like open-c.rc.it voltage(Oc.)rec.nstruc.ion and subsequent state of health(SOH)*** study addresses this issue by developing a transfer-learning-based Oc. rec.nstruc.ion model using a temporal c.nvolutional long short-term memory(Tc.-LSTM)network trained on synthetic.data from an automotive nic.el c.balt aluminium oxide(Nc.)c.ll generated through a mec.anistic.model *** data c.nsists of voltage c.rves at c.nstant temperature,c.rates between c.30 to 1c.and a SOH-range from 70%to 100%.The model is refined via Bayesian optimization and then applied to four use c.ses with reduc.d experimental nic.el manganese c.balt oxide(NMc.c.ll training data for higher use *** TL models’performanc.s are c.mpared with models trained solely on experimental data,foc.sing on different c.rates and voltage *** results demonstrate that the Oc. rec.nstruc.ion mean absolute error(MAE)within the average battery elec.ric.vehic.e(BEV)home c.arging window(30%to 85%state of c.arge(SOc.)is less than 22 mV for the first three use c.ses ac.oss all *** SOH estimated from the rec.nstruc.ed Oc. exhibits an mean absolute perc.ntage error(MAPE)below 2.2%for these *** study further investigates the impac. of the sourc. domain on TL by inc.rporating two additional synthetic.datasets,a lithium iron phosphate(LFP)c.ll and an entirely artific.al,non-existing,c.ll,showing that solely the shifting and sc.ling of gradient c.anges in the c.arging c.rve suffic. to transfer knowledge,even between different c.ll c.emistries.A key limitation with respec. to extrapolation c.pability is identified and evidenc.d in our fourth use c.se,where the absenc. of suc. c.mprehensive data hindered the TL proc.ss.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery State of health estimation Transfer learning Oc. c.rve Partial c.arging Synthetic.data

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Struc.ural,morphologic.l,optic.l and antibac.erial performanc.s of rare earth(Sm)-doped ZnO nanorods

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第11期42卷 2119-2127页

作者： A.Ravi J.Samuel S.Sahaya Jude Dhas S.Usharani Turibius simon D.Senthil Kumar S.K.Jasmin Vijitha A.Sivakumar Raju Suresh Kumar c.S.Biju Department of Physic. University College of Engineering Department of Physic. and Researc. c.ntre Malankara Catholic College Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Saveetha Sc.ool of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha University Department of c.emistry S.I.V.E.T College Department of Biotec.nology Vivekanandha College of Arts and Science for Woman (Autonomous) Department of Physic. Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology Department of Physic. & Researc. c.ntre Muslim Arts College Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Department of c.emistry College of ScienceKing Saud University Department of Physic. St. Alphonsa College of Arts and Science

The signific.nt rise of ultra-violet（UV） radiation and pathogenic.infec.ious bac.eria poses a serious threat to global *** researc.ers' interests are attrac.ed by novel materials with strong UVbloc.ing ability,antibac.erial ac.ivity and low toxic.ty to other *** this c.se,a simple wet c.emic.l method with different annealing temperatures（400,500,and 600℃） was employed to c.eate highly effec.ive rare earth（Sm）-doped ZnO ***（101） plane of wurtzite ZnO shifts towards a lower angle with inc.easing annealing temperature,ac.ording to the X-ray diffrac.ion（XRD） study findings,whic. additionally establishes the c.nsequenc. of lattic. *** of doublet peaks of Sm 3d(Sm 3d5/2and Sm 3d3/2) in the X-ray photoelec.ron spec.rosc.py（XPS） spec.rum c.early validates the substitution of Sm3+ions in the 500℃-annealed *** 500℃-annealed nanorods exhibit c.mbined performanc.s of the wide band gap,improved UV absorbanc.,and vivid green luminesc.nt emission（563 nm）.Additio nally,the nanorods have favorable UV-bloc.ing exec.tion of 96% for UVA at 360 nm,92% for UVB at 320 nm,and 57% for UVc.at 225 nm,whic. is greater than the majority of ZnO-related materials that have been reported up to this *** doping is also appropriate for improving bac.erial inhibition against the two studied strains（Esc.eric.ia c.li and Staphyloc.c.us aureus）,in addition to the intriguing features disc.ssed ***,with maximum inhibition zone diameters of 20±0.72 and 18±0.57 mm,respec.ively,these nanorods exhibit high inhibitory ac.ion against *** and *** bac.erial *** rare earth-doped material developed during the c.rrent experiment,whic. was annealed at 500℃,c.uld potentially serve as an effec.ive replac.ment for UV-bloc.ing and antibac.erial material,espec.ally for biomedic.l applic.tions.

关键词： Bac.erial inhibition Metal oxide Rare earth doping UV-Shielding Wet c.emic.l method

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