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Stone-scoring systems for predicting complications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy:A systematic review of the literature

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第3期10卷 226-238页

作者： Giorgio Mazzon simon Choong Antonio Celia Department of Urology AULSS7 PedemontanaSan Bassiano HospitalBassano Del GrappaItaly Institute of Urology University College Hospitals of LondonLondonUK

Objective:Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a treatment of choice for larger stones of the upper urinary ***,several nephrolithometric nomograms for prediction of post-operative surgical outcomes have been proposed,although uncertainties still exist regarding their roles in the estimation of ***:We conducted a systematic review on PubMed and Web of Sciences databases including English studies with at least 100 cases and published between January 2010 and December *** identified original articles evaluating correlations between the Guy’s stone score,the stone size(S),tract length(T),obstruction(O),number of involved calices(N),and essence or stone density(E)(S.T.O.N.E.),Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society(CROES),and Seoul National University Renal Stone Complexity(S-ReSC)scores and post-operative complications in adult *** also included newly designed nomograms for prediction of specific ***:After an initial search of 549 abstracts,we finally included a total of 18 *** them,11 investigated traditional nephrolithometric nomograms,while seven newly designed nomograms were used to predict specific ***,7316 patients have been *** total,14 out of 18 papers are derived from retrospective single-center ***’s stone score obtained correlation with complications in five,*** score in four,while CROES score and S-ReSC score in three and two,*** of the studies investigated minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)and all cases have been conducted in prone *** newly designed nomograms,none of them is currently externally validated;five of them predict post-operative infections;the remaining two have been designed for thromboembolic events and urinary ***:This review presents all nomograms currently available in the PCNL field and highlights a certain number of *** data ha

关键词： Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Complications Nomogram Stone-scoring system Clavien-Dindo

Why 90%of clinical drug development fails and how to improve it?

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第7期12卷 3049-3062页

作者： Duxin Sun Wei Gao Hongxiang Hu simon Zhou Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA Translational Development and Clinical Pharmacology Bristol Meyer Squibb CompanySummitNJ07920USA

Ninety percent of clinical drug development fails despite implementation of many successful strategies,which raised the question whether certain aspects in target validation and drug optimization are overlooked?Current drug optimization overly emphasizes potency/specificity using structure-activityrelationship(SAR)but overlooks tissue exposure/selectivity in disease/normal tissues using structure-tissue exposure/selectivity—relationship(STR),which may mislead the drug candidate selection and impact the balance of clinical dose/efficacy/*** propose structure-tissue exposure/selectivity—activity relationship(STAR)to improve drug optimization,which classifies drug candidates based on drug’s potency/selectivity,tissue exposure/selectivity,and required dose for balancing clinical efficacy/***Ⅰdrugs have high specificity/potency and high tissue exposure/selectivity,which needs low dose to achieve superior clinical efficacy/safety with high success ***Ⅱdrugs have high specificity/potency and low tissue exposure/selectivity,which requires high dose to achieve clinical efficacy with high toxicity and needs to be cautiously ***Ⅲdrugs have relatively low(adequate)specificity/potency but high tissue exposure/selectivity,which requires low dose to achieve clinical efficacy with manageable toxicity but are often ***Ⅳdrugs have low specificity/potency and low tissue exposure/selectivity,which achieves inadequate efficacy/safety,and should be terminated *** may improve drug optimization and clinical studies for the success of clinical drug development.

关键词： Drug development Drug optimization Clinical trial Structure-tissue exposure/selectivity relationship(STR) Structure-tissue exposure/selectivity—activity relationship(STAR)

Dynamics of groundwater recharge near a semi-arid Mediterranean intermittent stream under wet and normal climate conditions

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第7期14卷 739-752页

作者： Youssef HAJHOUJI Younes FAKIR simon GASCOIN Vincent simonNEAUX Abdelghani CHEHBOUNI Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayyad University40000MarrakechMorocco Center for Remote Sensing Application(CRSA) UM6P43150BenguerirMorocco Center for the Study of the Biosphere from Space(CESBIO) 31400ToulouseFrance

In arid and semi-arid stream-dominated systems,the temporal variability in groundwater recharge has not been widely *** questions remain about the sources of groundwater recharge,its patterns,and the appropriate measuring ***,the main objective of the present study was to assess the changes that might affect the pattern of groundwater recharge under wetter than normal surface water ***,the groundwater depth was monitored near a semi-arid Mediterranean intermittent stream on the piedmont of the High Atlas Mountains in the mountain catchment of the Wadi Rheraya over two hydrological years(2014-2016)with different climate conditions:extreme wet and normal *** recharge was assessed using the episodic master recession *** the two years,the pattern of groundwater recharge was dominated by episodic events and by a high seasonality from wet seasons to dry *** the wet year(2014-2015),the highest groundwater recharge was recorded following an extreme flood,which deeply replenished ***,an exceptional steady state of the groundwater depth was induced by a steady groundwater recharge *** several groundwater recharge events,the assessed recharge had multiple sources,mainly from streamflow at the local scale,but possibly from precipitation,underflow,deep percolation or irrigation return from the upstream part of the *** recharge by streamflow was likely to be short-lived,and lateral recharge was likely to last ***,the episodic master recession algorithm estimated the total groundwater recharge that could encompass various *** the future,more studies and multidisciplinary approaches should be carried out to partition these sources and determine their specific *** semi-arid stream-dominated systems,different groundwater recharge patterns induced by extreme hydrological events(e.g.,wet events)and various potential sources of gro

关键词： groundwater recharge water table fluctuation episodic master recession algorithm episodic recharge wet year Wadi Rheraya Citation:Youssef HAJHOUJI

Effect of H_(2)S content on relative permeability and capillary pressure characteristics of acid gas/brine/rock systems:A review

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第6期14卷 2003-2033页

作者： Xiaoyan Zhang Qi Li Mathias simon Guodong Zheng Yongsheng Tan State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Department of Engineering Durham UniversityDurhamDH13LEUK Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China

Geological storage of acid gas has been identified as a promising approach to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)and alleviate public concern resulting from the sour gas production.A good understanding of the relative permeability and capillary pressure characteristics is crucial to predict the process of acid gas injection and *** prediction of injection and redistribution of acid gas is important to determine storage capacity,formation pressure,plume extent,shape,and leakage ***,the existing experimental data and theoretical models were reviewed to gain a better understanding of the issue how the H_(2)S content affects gas density,gas viscosity,interfacial tension,wettability,relative permeability and capillary pressure characteristics of acid gas/brine/rock *** densities and viscosities of the acid gas with different H_(2)S mole fractions are both temperature-and pressure-dependent,which vary among the gas,liquid and supercritical ***/acid gas interfacial tension decreases strongly with increasing H_(2)S *** mica and clean quartz,water contact angle increases with increasing H_(2)S mole *** particular,wettability reversal of mica to a H_(2)S-wet behavior occurs in the presence of dense H_(2)*** capillary pressure increases with decreasing contact *** a given saturation,the relative permeability of a fluid is higher when the fluid is *** capillary pressure decreases with decreasing interfacial tension at a given ***,the existing datasets do not show a consistent link between capillary number and relative *** capillary pressure decreases with increasing H_(2)S mole ***,there is no consensus on the effect of the H_(2)S content on the relative permeability *** may be due to the limited availability of the relative permeability and capillary pressure data for acid gas/brine/rock systems;thus,more experimental measure

关键词： Acid gas geological sequestration Relative permeability Capillary pressure H_(2)S content Wettability Interfacial tension

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隐形冠军与区域发展:来自德国的经验

新型工业化理论与实践 2024年第1期1卷 40-46页

作者：赫尔曼·西蒙吴极(译) 侯雪(译) 德国西蒙顾和管理咨询公司德国波恩53113 赛迪国合中心北京100048

当今社会对汽车、电信等大市场中的知名大型企业青睐有加,但与现实截然不同的是,实体经济中的大型市场只有几百个,而小型市场或利基市场却有成千上万个,在这些市场中,存在着大量隐形冠军、中型企业和知名度不高的全球领军企业。德国拥... 详细信息

当今社会对汽车、电信等大市场中的知名大型企业青睐有加,但与现实截然不同的是,实体经济中的大型市场只有几百个,而小型市场或利基市场却有成千上万个,在这些市场中,存在着大量隐形冠军、中型企业和知名度不高的全球领军企业。德国拥有的隐形冠军数量远超任何其他国家,它们并非地处大城市,而是扎根小型城镇和乡村,对一个国家,尤其是乡村地区的发展具有重要意义。隐形冠军是德国出口的强大支柱。对新兴国家来说,隐形冠军比大型跨国公司更适合作为榜样。隐形冠军的战略和领导方式具有鲜明特点,对世界各地的中小企业形成自身的战略具有有价值的指示器作用。

关键词：隐形冠军区域发展战略

Discrimination of conspecifics from heterospecifics in a hybrid zone: Behavioral and chemical cues in ants

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Insect Science 2022年第1期29卷 276-288页

作者： Marion Cordonnier Bernard Kaufmann Laurent simon Gilles Escarguel Nathalie Mondy Univ Lyon Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSENTPEUMR 5023 LEHNAF-69622VilleurbanneFrance

Species and nestmate recognition in social insects occurs mostly through cuticular hydrocarbons acting as chemical cues. These compounds generate a colony-specific odor profile depending on genetic and environmental factors. Species and nestmate recognition results in specific behavioral responses, regulating the level of aggression toward other individuals during an interaction. Although species discrimination and recognition cues have been poorly studied in the context of interspecific hybridization, such systems offer an opportunity to further investigate the influence of heritable and environmental factors on recognition. We explored the strength of discrimination in a hybrid zone between two ant species—Tetramorium immigrans and T. caespitum—by comparing cuticular hydrocarbon profiles and measuring intra- and interspecific worker aggression in both areas of sympatry and areas of allopatry among species. Species cuticular hydrocarbon profiles were well-differentiated and interspecific aggression was high, revealing highly discriminating species recognition cues. Hybrids’ cuticular hydrocarbon profiles consisted of a mixture of the parental bouquets, but also exhibited hybrid-specific patterns. Behavioral assays showed that T. immigrans is as aggressive toward hybrids as toward heterospecifics. Finally, aggression between heterospecific workers was lower when interacting individuals came from areas of sympatry among species than from areas of allopatry. Taken as a whole, these findings paint a particularly complex picture of the recognition system in T. immigrans, T. caespitum, and their hybrids, and highlight that hybrid zones afford a still underexplored opportunity for investigating recognition mechanisms and discrimination between species.

关键词： aggressive behavior ants cuticular hydrocarbons hybrid zone recognition cues Tetramorium

Patient reported outcome measures in anterior cruciate ligament rupture and reconstruction:The significance of outcome score prediction

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第30期10卷 10939-10955页

作者： Oday Al-Dadah Lee Shepstone simon T Donell Translational and Clinical Research Institute Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE24HHTyne and WearUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery South Tyneside District HospitalSouth Shields NE340PLTyne and WearUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Statistics Norwich Medical SchoolUniversity of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJNorfolkUnited Kingdom Norwich Medical School University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJNorfolkUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Numerous anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) clinical outcome measures ***,the result of one score does not equate to the findings of another even when evaluating the same patient *** To investigate if statistically derived formulae can be used to predict the outcome of one knee scoring system when the result of another is known in patients with ACL rupture before and after *** Fifty patients with ACL rupture were evaluated using nine clinical outcome *** included Tegner Activity Score,Lysholm Knee Score,Cincinnati Knee Score,International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC) Objective Knee Score,Tapper and Hoover Meniscal Grading Score,IKDC Subjective Knee Score,Knee Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living Scale(KOS-ADLS),Short Form-12 Item Health Survey and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome *** patients underwent an ACL reconstruction and were reassessed *** The mean total of each of the nine outcome scores appreciably differed from each *** correlations and regressions were found between most of the outcome scores and were stronger *** strongest correlation was found between Cincinnati and KOS-ADLS (r=0.91,P<0.001).The strongest regression formula was also found between Cincinnati and KOS-ADLS (R~2=0.84,P<0.001).CONCLUSION The formulae produced from this study can be used to predict the outcome of one knee score when the results of the other are *** formulae could facilitate the conduct of systematic reviews and meta-analysis in studies relating to ACL injuries by allowing the pooling of substantially more data.

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament Prediction Regression Correlation Patient reported outcome measures Reconstruction Rupture

Machine learning potentials for metal-organic frameworks using an incremental learning approach

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2147-2154页

作者： Sander Vandenhaute Maarten Cools-Ceuppens simon DeKeyser Toon Verstraelen Veronique Van Speybroeck Center for Molecular Modeling Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 469052 ZwijnaardeBelgium

Computational modeling of physical processes in metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)is highly challenging due to the presence of spatial heterogeneities and complex operating conditions which affect their *** functional theory(DFT)may describe interatomic interactions at the quantum mechanical level,but is computationally too expensive for systems beyond the nanometer and picosecond ***,we propose an incremental learning scheme to construct accurate and data-efficient machine learning potentials for *** scheme builds on the power of equivariant neural network potentials in combination with parallelized enhanced sampling and on-the-fly training to simultaneously explore and learn the phase space in an iterative *** only a few hundred single-point DFT evaluations per material,accurate and transferable potentials are obtained,even for flexible frameworks with multiple structurally different *** incremental learning scheme is universally applicable and may pave the way to model framework materials in larger spatiotemporal windows with higher accuracy.

关键词： framework incremental neural

Urban growth dynamics and expansion forms in 11 Tanzanian cities from 1990 to 2020

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1985-2001页

作者： Neema simon Sumari Fanan Ujoh Calvin Samwel Swai Muchen Zheng Department of Informatics and Information TechnologyCollege of Natural and Applied Sciences(CoNAS)Sokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania Center for Sustainability and Resilient Infrastructure and Communities(SaRIC) London South Bank UniversityLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Water Resources and Environmental Management Faculty of GeoInformation Science and Earth Observation(ITC)University of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanPeople’s Republic of China

With rapid urban expansion across Tanzania,there is a need to institute steps to address factors and forms as well as impacts and challenges associated with the observed *** study’s aim is to use spatial urban landscape indices to analyze the spatial changes in urban forms,patterns,and rates across 11 urban centers in Tanzania over a 30-year study period(1990–2020).During the past three decades,urban lands of 11 cities and town in Tanzania have grown by a total of 480 *** growth was found as the most dominant form of urban expansion in Tanzania while Dodoma,the capital city of Tanzania,had the highest rate of urban expansion when compared to all other individual *** most robust and significant interaction of the AWMLEI and MLEI was found in Kigoma,Arusha,Mtwara,Mafinga,and Tunduma *** contrast,Mbeya agricultural city,Arusha the tourist city,Tabora,and Geita Lake zone areas did show their own peculiarities revealing an interesting spatial temporal variation in rate and form of *** outcome of this study reveals that the influence and management of economic and socio-cultural opportunities will be an effective tool for the determination of the rapidly expanding cities and towns of Tanzania.

关键词： Urban growth indices drivers of urban forms urban forms and patterns landscape metrics Tanzania