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Identifying high-risk over-entitlement in access control policies using fuzzy logic

Cybersecurity 2022年第2期5卷 75-91页

作者： simon parkinson Saad Khana Department of Computer Science University of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldHD13DHUK

Analysing access control policies is an essential process for ensuring over-prescribed permissions are identified and removed. This is a time-consuming and knowledge-intensive process, largely because there is a wealth of policy information that needs to be manually examined. Furthermore, there is no standard definition of what constitutes an over-entitled permission within an organisation’s access control policy, making it not possible to develop automated rule-based approaches. It is often the case that over-entitled permissions are subjective to an organisation’s role-based structure, where access is be divided and managed based on different employee needs. In this context, an irregular permission could be one where an employee has frequently changed roles, thus accumulating a wide-ranging set of permissions. There is no one size fits all approach to identifying permissions where an employee is receiving more permission than is necessary, and it is necessary to examine them in the context of the organisation to establish their individual risk. Risk is not a binary measure and, in this work, an approach is built using Fuzzy Logic to determine an overall risk rating, which can then be used to make a more informed decision as to whether a user is over-entitled and presenting risk to the organisation. This requires the exploratory use of establishing resource sensitivity and user trust as measures to determine a risk rating. The paper presents a generic solution, which has been implemented to perform experimental analysis on Microsoft’s New Technology File System to show how this works in practice. A simulation using expert knowledge for comparison is then performed to demonstrate how effective it is at helping the user identify potential irregular permissions.

关键词： Fuzzy control Fuzzy systems Security Access control policies Security analysis Risk Fuzzy logic Risk-adaptive access control

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Creeper:a tool for detecting permission creep in file system access controls

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Cybersecurity 2019年第1期2卷 239-252页

作者： simon parkinson Saad Khan James Bray Daiyaan Shreef Department of Computer Science School of Computing and EngineeringUniversity of HuddersfieldQueensgateHD13DHHuddersfieldUK

Access control mechanisms are widely used in multi-user IT systems where it is necessary to restrict access to computing *** is certainly true of file systems whereby information needs to be protected against unintended *** permissions often evolve over time,and changes are often made in an ad hoc manner and do not follow any rigorous *** is largely due to the fact that the structure of the implemented permissions are often determined by experts during initial system configuration and documentation is rarely ***,permissions are often not audited due to the volume of information,the requirement of expert knowledge,and the time required to perform manual *** paper presents a novel,unsupervised technique whereby a statistical analysis technique is developed and applied to detect instances of permission *** system(herein refereed to as Creeper)has initially been developed for Microsoft systems;however,it is easily extensible and can be applied to other access control *** analysis has demonstrated good performance and applicability on synthetic file system permissions with an average accuracy of 96%.Empirical analysis is subsequently performed on five real-world systems where an average accuracy of 98%is established.

关键词： Permission creep Access control Auditing χ^2 statistics

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Active power regulation of wind power systems through demand response

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第6期55卷 1667-1676页

作者： MIAO WeiWei JIA HongJie WANG Dan parkinson simon CRAWFORD Curran DJILALI Ned Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Institute for Integrated Energy Systems University of VictoriaVictoria BC V8W3P6Canada

With the specific characteristics of low-carbon intensity and economy,wind power has been widely promoted around the *** to the variable and intermittent nature of wind power production,the system has to frequently redispatch generators in order to ensure the effective use of wind power whilst maintaining system *** this way,traditional generation costs are increased and the social benefit of wind power decreases *** this paper,a new regulation strategy based on power flow tracing was proposed,taking advantage of a comfort-constrained demand response strategy to follow the fluctuations of wind farm output,with the remaining imbalance of active power compensated by traditional *** showed that compared with conventional regulation,demand response could reduce the gross operating costs of the system,and the rapid response could help maintaining system stability in case of *** strategy in this paper also applies to other large-scale integration problems associated with renewable energy resources which display short-term production variability.

关键词： wind power active power regulation power flow tracing demand response heat pump

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Stepping up to meet the challenge of freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 589-600页

作者： simon Lewis Stewart Factor Nir Giladi Alice Nieuwboer John Nutt Mark Hallett ForeFront parkinson’s Disease Research Clinic Brain and Mind CentreSchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Jean and Paul Amos parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Program Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Movement Disorders Unit Department of NeurologyTel-Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterSackler School of Medicine and Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Rehabilitation Sciences KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Movement Disorder Section Department of NeurologyOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA Human Motor Control Section National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA.

There has been a growing appreciation for freezing of gait as a disabling symptom that causes a significant burden in parkinson’s disease. Previous research has highlighted some of the key components that underlie the phenomenon, but these reductionist approaches have yet to lead to a paradigm shift resulting in the development of novel treatment strategies. Addressing this issue will require greater integration of multi-modal data with complex computational modeling, but there are a number of critical aspects that need to be considered before embarking on such an approach. This paper highlights where the field needs to address current gaps and shortcomings including the standardization of definitions and measurement, phenomenology and pathophysiology, as well as considering what available data exist and how future studies should be constructed to achieve the greatest potential to better understand and treat this devastating symptom.

关键词： Freezing of gait Computational modeling Standardized definitions and assessments Novel paradigms Phenomenology Pathophysiology Treatment

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Structural and functional characterization of a novel ShK peptide and its analogue from zoanthids (corals)

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2018年第9期32卷 708-709页

作者： GONG Gui-yi LIAO Qi-wen Yu-chung TSE simon Ming-yuen LEE University of Macao Macao China South University of Science and Technology of China Shenzhen 518055 China

OBJECTIVE To identify and characterize a novel neuroprotective ShK peptide and its analogue originated from coral *** *** was collected and subjected to transcriptome sequencing at which further bioinformatics analysis had identified a unigene encoding a putative ShK protein candidate,named as ***1 and its rhodamine derivative(PcShK1-RhoB) were synthesized and tested for the neuroprotective effect in 6-OHDA induced parkinson disease models in vitro and in ***,zebrafish larvae were co-exposed to 6-OHDA and various doses of the peptides;then,dopaminergic(DA) neurons immunoreactivity and locomotion behavior of the zebrafish larvae were ***,PC12 cells were cultured with 6-OHDA in the absence or presence of different concentrations of *** viability was determined by MTT assay while calcium flow in the PC12 cells was monitored by Fluo-4 fluorescent *** Compared with control group,6-OHDA treatment could lead to DA neurons loss and locomotion deficits in PD model of zebrafish larvae(P<0.01).Both PcS hK 1(2.5,5.0 and 7.5 μmol·L^(-1)) and PcS hK 1-RhoB(0.50 and 0.75 μmol·L^(-1)) were found to protect and restore dopaminergic neurons from6-OHDA mediated injury and locomotion deficiency in the PD zebrafish respectively(P<0.01).In addition,PcShK1(2.5 to 20.0 μmol·L^(-1)) and PcShK1-RhoB(0.6 to 2.5 μmol·L^(-1)) effectively prevented against 6-OHDA toxicity in PC12 cells(P<0.01).Further study revealed that they might exert their neuroprotective effects through regulating the calcium *** PcS hK 1 and PcS hK 1-RhoB show neuroprotective effects on 6-OHDA induced PD models,and the underlying protective mechanisms of these peptides probably involve calcium homeostasis regulation.

关键词： transcriptome coral P. caribaeoru neuroprotective zebrafish calcium homeostasis

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Modulating arousal to overcome gait impairments in parkinson’s disease:how the noradrenergic system may act as a double-edged sword

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 666-676页

作者： Anouk Tosserams Bastiaan R.Bloem Kaylena A.Ehgoetz Martens Rick C.Helmich Roy P.C.Kessels James M.Shine Natasha L.Taylor Gabriel Wainstein simon J.G.Lewis Jorik Nonnekes Department of Neurology Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement DisordersRadboud University Medical CentreDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Rehabilitation Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement DisordersRadboud University Medical CentreDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourPO Box 91016500 HB NijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences University of WaterlooWaterlooONCanada Department of Neuropsychology and Rehabilitation Psychology Donders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Medical Psychology and Radboudumc Alzheimer Center Radboud University Medical CentreDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourNijmegenThe Netherlands Vincent Van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry VenrayThe Netherlands Klimmendaal Rehabili-tation Center ArnhemThe Netherlands Brain and Mind Centre Parkinson’s Disease Research ClinicSchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia Centre for Complex Systems The University of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia Department of Rehabilitation Sint MaartenskliniekNijmegenThe Netherlands.

In stressful or anxiety-provoking situations,most people with parkinson’s disease(PD)experience a general worsening of motor symptoms,including their gait ***,a proportion of patients actually report benefits from experiencing-or even purposely inducing-stressful or high-arousal *** data from a large-scale international survey study among 4324 people with PD and gait impairments within the online Fox Insight(USA)and parkinsonNEXT(NL)cohorts,we demonstrate that individuals with PD deploy an array of mental state alteration strategies to cope with their gait ***,these strategies differ along an axis of arousal-some act to heighten,whereas others diminish,overall sympathetic ***,our observations suggest that arousal may act as a double-edged sword for gait control in *** propose a theoretical,neurobiological framework to explain why heightened arousal can have detrimental effects on the occurrence and severity of gait impairments in some individuals,while alleviating them in ***,we postulate that this seemingly contradictory phenomenon is explained by the inherent features of the ascending arousal system:namely,that arousal is related to task performance by an inverted u-shaped curve(the so-called Yerkes and Dodson relationship).We propose that the noradrenergic locus coeruleus plays an important role in modulating PD symptom severity and expression,by regulating arousal and by mediating network-level functional integration across the *** ability of the locus coeruleus to facilitate dynamic‘cross-talk’between distinct,otherwise largely segregated brain regions may facilitate the necessary cerebral compensation for gait impairments in *** the presence of suboptimal arousal,compensatory networks may be too segregated to allow for adequate ***,with supraoptimal arousal,increased cross-talk between competing inputs of these complementary networks may emerge and become dysf

关键词： Arousal Gait parkinson’s disease Freezing of gait Locus coeruleus

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Joint Multi-modal Parcellation of the Human Striatum:Functions and Clinical Relevance

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第10期36卷 1123-1136页

作者： Xiaojin Liu simon B.Eickhoff Felix Hoffstaedter Sarah Genon Svenja Caspers Kathrin Reetz Imis Dogan Claudia R.Eickhoff Ji Chen Julian Caspers Niels Reuter Christian Mathys Andre Aleman Renaud Jardri Valentin Riedl Iris E.Sommer Kaustubh R.Patil Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine(INM-7 Brain and Behaviour)Research Centre JiilichJiilichGermany Institute of Systems Neuroscience Heinrich Heine University DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine(INM-1) Research Centre Jiilich52428 JiilichGermany Institute for Anatomy I Medical FacultyHeinrich Heine University Dusseldorf40225 DusseldorfGermany Jiilich Aachen Research Alliance-BRAIN(JARA)Institute of Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging Forschungszentrum JiilichRheinisch Westfallische Technische Hochschule(RWTH)Aachen University52074 AachenGermany Department of Neurology Rheinisch Westfallische Technische Hochschule(RWTH)Aachen University52074 AachenGermany Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology Medical FacultyUniversity of Dusseldorf40225 DusseldorfGermany Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Medical FacultyUniversity of Dusseldorf40225 DusseldorfGermany Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology Evangelisches KrankenhausUniversity of Oldenburg26129 OldenburgGermany Department of Neuroscience University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen9713 AV GroningenThe Netherlands SCALab(CNRS UMR9193)&CHU de LiUe Hopital FontanPole de Psychiatrie(CURE)Universite de Lille59037 LilleFrance Departments of Neuroradiology Nuclear Medicine and Neuroimaging CenterTechnische Universitat Miinchen80333 MunichGermany

The human striatum is essential for both lowand high-level functions and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various prevalent disorders,including parkinson's disease(PD)and schizophrenia(SCZ).It is known to consist of structurally and functionally divergent ***,previous parcellations are based on a single neuroimaging modality,leaving the extent of the multi-modal organization of the striatum ***,we investigated the organization of the striatum across three modalities—resting-state functional connectivity,probabilistic diffusion tractography,and structural covariance—to provide a holistic convergent view of its structure and *** found convergent clusters in the dorsal,dorsolateral,rostral,ventral,and caudal *** characterization revealed the anterior striatum to be mainly associated with cognitive and emotional functions,while the caudal striatum was related to action ***,significant structural atrophy in the rostral and ventral striatum was common to both PD and SCZ,but atrophy in the dorsolateral striatum was specifically attributable to *** study revealed a cross-modal convergent organization of the striatum,representing a fundamental topographical model that can be useful for investigating structural and functional variability in aging and in clinical conditions.

关键词： Striatum Multi-modal Connectivity-based parcellation Convergent clusters Voxel-based morphometry parkinson's disease Schizophrenia

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No synergism between bis(propyl)-cognitin and rasagiline on protecting dopaminergic neurons in parkinson's disease mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第8期11卷 1339-1346页

作者： Cheng-you Zheng Bao-jian Guo Wei Cai Wei Cui Shing-hung Mak Yu-qiang Wang simon Ming-yuen Lee Yi-fan Han Zai-jun Zhang Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardiocerebrovascular Diseases Jinan University College of Pharmacy School of Medicine Ningbo University Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Institute of Modern Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University State Key Laboratory of Quality Research of Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macao

Rasagiline,a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor,and bis（propyl）-cognitin（B3C）,a novel dimer are reported to be ***,the synergistical neuroprotection produced by rasagiline and B3 C was investigated in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine（MPTP）-induced mice of *** using neurobehavioural tests,high-performance liquid chromatography and western blot assay,we showed that B3 C at 0.3 mg/kg,rasagiline at 0.02 mg/kg,as well as co-treatment with B3 C and rasagiline prevented MPTP-induced behavioural abnormities,increased the concentrations of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum,and up-regulated the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia ***,the neuroprotective effects of co-treatment were not significantly improved when compared with those of B3 C or rasagiline ***,we have demonstrated that B3 C at 0.3 mg/kg and rasagline at 0.02 mg/kg could not produce synergistic neuroprotective effects.

关键词： nerve regeneration parkinson's disease bis(propyl)-cognitin rasagiline monoamine oxidase B dopamine multitarget synergism neuroprotection neural regeneration

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Effects of L-Dopa and Dopamine D2 Agonists on Recollection and Familiarity in Idiopathic Nondementing parkinson’s Disease

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2011年第4期2卷 318-329页

作者： Nicola M. J. Edelstyn Thomas A. Shepherd Andrew R. Mayes Susan M. Sherman simon J. Ellis 不详

Idiopathic nondementing parkinson’s disease (PD) is marked by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. Recent brain imaging work implicates these structures in dopamine modulated networks subserving episodic memory. These findings are of relevance to PD because they suggest that dopamine depletion contributes to the disease-dependent decline in episodic memory, and therefore, this decline should, at least partially, be remediated by dopaminergic medication. Recognition memory (RM), recollection and familiarity during recognition was examined in 17 PD patients, 12 of whom were medicated with a D2 dopamine agonist (pramipexole or ropinirole) and l-dopa, with a further 5 PD control patients on l-dopa but no D2 agonist. Memory was tested “ON” and, following a period of medication withdrawal, “OFF” and compared to a group of 14 matched healthy volunteers (HV). The HVs were also tested twice in the absence of medication. The patients on the agonists PD showed significant impairments in recollection ON- and OFF-medication, whereas the l-dopa control patients exhibited a decline in OFF-recollection only. RM and familiarity were spared in both groups ON- and OFF-medication. These findings suggest that D2 dopamine agonists (combined with l-dopa) contribute to disease-dependent episodic memory impairment.

关键词： parkinson’s Disease D2 Dopamine Agonists L-Dopa Recognition Recollection Familiarity

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8-Hydroxyquinolylnitrones as multifunctional ligands for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第5期13卷 2152-2175页

作者： Damijan Knez Daniel Diez-Iriepa Mourad Chioua Andrea Gottinger Milica Denic Fabien Chantegreil Florian Nachon Xavier Brazzolotto Anna Skrzypczak-Wiercioch Ane Meden Anja Pilar Janko Kos simon akelj Jure Stojan Kinga Saat Julia Serrano Ana Patricia Fernández Aitana Sánchez-García Ricardo Martínez-Murillo Claudia Binda Francisco López-Muoz Stanislav Gobec JoséMarco-Contelles University of Ljubljana Faculty of PharmacyLjubljana 1000Slovenia Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry(Institute of Organic Chemistry CSIC)Madrid 28006Spain Departamento de Química Orgánicay Química Inorgánica Alcaláde HenaresMadrid 28871Spain Department of Biology and Biotechnology University of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des ArméesParis 91220France Department of Animal Anatomy and Preclinical Sciences University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UAUniversity of Agriculture in KrakowKrakow 30-059Poland Institute of Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Department of Pharmacodynamics Chair of PharmacodynamicsFaculty of PharmacyJagiellonian University Medical CollegeKrakow 30-688Poland Department of Translational Neurobiology Neurovascular Research GroupCajal Institute(CSIC)Madrid 28002Spain Biotechnology and Vegetal Biology Department Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería AgronómicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid 28040Spain Faculty of Health Camilo JoséCela University of Madrid(UCJC)Neuropsychopharmacology Unit“Hospital 12 de Octubre”Research InstituteMadrid 28692Spain

We describe the development of quinolylnitrones(QNs)as multifunctional ligands inhibiting cholinesterases(ChEs:acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase—h BChE)and monoamine oxidases(hMAO-A/B)for the therapy of neurodegenerative *** identified QN 19,a simple,low molecular weight nitrone,that is readily synthesized from commercially available *** 19 has no typical pharmacophoric element to suggest ChE or MAO inhibition,yet unexpectedly showed potent inhibition of h BChE(IC50=1.06±0.31 nmol/L)and h MAO-B(IC_(50)=4.46±0.18μmol/L).The crystal structures of 19 with hBChE and hMAO-B provided the structural basis for potent binding,which was further studied by enzyme *** 19 acted as a free radical scavenger and biometal chelator,crossed the blood—brain barrier,was not cytotoxic,and showed neuroprotective properties in a 6-hydroxydopamine cell model of parkinson's *** addition,in vivo studies showed the anti-amnesic effect of 19 in the scopolamine-induced mouse model of AD without adverse effects on motoric function and ***,chronic treatment of double transgenic APPswe-PS1δE9 mice with 19 reduced amyloid plaque load in the hippocampus and cortex of female mice,underscoring the disease-modifying effect of QN 19.

关键词： Quinolylnitrone Butyrylcholinesterase Monoamine oxidase B Alzheimer's disease Multifunctional ligands 6-Hydroxydopamine model Passive avoidance task Novel object recognition

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