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Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in racial and ethnic migrant groups

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第3期24卷 424-437页

作者： Ravi Misra Omar Faiz Pia Munkholm johan Burisch Naila Arebi Department of Gastroenterology St.Marks Academic Institute Surgical Epidemiology Trials and Outcome CentreSt.Marks Academic Institute Department of Gastroen-terology North Zealand University Hospital

AIM To summarise the current literature and define patterns of disease in migrant and racial *** A structured key word search in Ovid Medline and EMBASE was undertaken in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies on incidence, prevalence and disease phenotype of migrants and races compared with indigenous groups were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Individual studies showed significant differences in incidence, prevalence and disease phenotype between migrants or race and indigenous groups. Pooled analysis could only be undertaken for incidence studies on South Asians where there was significant heterogeneity between the studies [95% for ulcerative colitis(UC), 83% for Crohn's disease(CD)]. The difference between incidence rates was not significant with a rate ratio South Asian: Caucasian of 0.78(95%CI: 0.22-2.78) for CD and 1.39(95%CI: 0.84-2.32) for UC. South Asians showed consistently higher incidence and more extensive UC than the indigenous population in five countries. A similar pattern was observed for Hispanics in the United States. Bangladeshis and African Americans showed an increased risk of CD with perianal disease. CONCLUSION This review suggests that migration and race influence the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease. This may be due to different inherent responses upon exposure to an environmental trigger in the adopted country. Further prospective studies on homogenous migrant populations are needed to validate these observations, with a parallel arm for in-depth investigation of putative drivers.

关键词： Epidemiology Ethnicity Migration

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Clinical and immunologic effects of faecal microbiota transplantation in a patient with collagenous colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第7期23卷 1319-1324页

作者： Sezin Günaltay Lech Rademacher Elisabeth Hultgren Hornquist johan Bohr Faculty of Medicine and Health School of Medical SciencesOrebro University Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineOrebro University Hospital3.Department of MedicineAvesta Hospital

One to six percent of patients with microscopic colitis are refractory to medical treatment. The effect of faecal microbiota transplantation(FMT) in active collagenous colitis(CC) has, to the best of our knowledge, never been reported before. Here, we report the effect of repeated FMT in a patient with CC. The patient presented with severe symptoms including profuse diarrhea and profound weight loss. Although she responded to budesonide in the beginning, she became gradually refractory to medical treatment, and was therefore treated with FMT. The patient remained in remission for 11 mo after the third faecal transplantation. The immunomodulatory effect of the therapy was evaluated using flow cytometry, which showed alterations in the profile of intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocyte subsets after the second transplantation. Our observations indicate that FMT can have an effect in CC, which support the hypothesis that luminal factors, influencing the intestinal microbiota, are involved in the pathogenesis of CC.

关键词： Faecal microbiota transplantation Microbiota Collagenous colitis Flow cytometry Lymphocytes

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Additive manufacturing of prototype elements with process interfaces for continuously operating manufacturing lines

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2018年第6期13卷 575-583页

作者： Cosima Hirschberg Mikkel Schmidt Larsen johan Peter Botker Jukka Rantanen Department of Pharmacy University of Copenhagen

Rapid prototyping based on in silico design and 3D printing enables fast customization of complex geometries to multiple needs. This study utilizes, additive manufacturing for rapid prototyping of elements for continuously operating mixing geometries including interfaces with process analytical technology(PAT) tools, to show that 3D printing can be used for prototyping of both parts of production line and PAT interfacing solution. An additional setup was designed for measuring the dynamic calibration samples for a semi-quantitative near infrared(NIR) spectroscopic model. The powder was filled in a small calibration chamber and in-line NIR spectra of calibration samples were collected from moving material while mimicking the powder flow dynamics in a typical continuous mixer. This dynamic powder mixing system was compared with a static powder calibration model where the NIR probe was placed at different positions on a static sample. Principal component analysis(PCA) revealed that the 3D printed device with dynamic measurement of the NIR spectra had more potential for quantitative analysis. With the prototype continuous mixer, two differently placed process interfaces for NIR spectroscopic monitoring of the powder mixing were evaluated. With this approach, the importance of positioning the process analytical tools to assess the blend uniformity could be demonstrated. It was also observed that with the longer mixing geometry, a better mixing result was achieved due to a larger hold up volume and increased residence time.

关键词： 3D printing Continuous mixing Near-infrared spectroscopy Additive manufacturing

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The Distribution of Riparian Corridor Plants and the Relations to River Water Salinity along Perai River,Penang,Malaysia

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湿地科学 2010年第1期8卷 48-56页

作者： Siti Nurfazilah Abdul Rahman johan Ismail Mashhor Mansor School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Department of Animal Science and Fishery Faculty of Agriculture and Food SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia Sarawak Bintulu Campus

Ecological surveys were carried out to investigate the distribution and characterization of riparian corridor plants along the Perai River,Penang,Malaysia from July 2007 to March *** were design to represent horizon-tal sections of the river starting from the river mouth towards the upper reaches for 20 km.A total of 84 species of plants from 30 families were *** consisted of 28 species of standing plants(plants with height of more than 1 m)and 56 species of weedy plants(plants with height of less than 1 m).Standing plants consisted of ferns,palms,herbs,shrubs and mangroves while weedy plants comprised of aroids,grasses,sedges and broad leaf *** abundance and dominance for each zone were relatively *** species was determined using Important Species Index(ISI).Based on ISI,the important species of standing plants were Sonneratia alba,Acrostichum aureum,Nypa fruti-cans,Avicennia marina,Rhizophora apiculata,Acrostichum speciosum and Rhizophora *** plants were dominated by Mikania micrantha,Cryptocoryne ciliata,Wedelia trilobata and Asystasia *** distribution of the corridor plant species was closely related to the pattern of river water salinity *** distribution of mangrove species with tolerance and adaptation to seawater appeared as follows:Avicennia marina,Rhizophora apiculata,Rhizo-phora mucronata,Sonneratia alba,Nypa fructicans,Acrostichum aureum and Acrostichum speciosum.

关键词： riparian corridor plants mangrove species weedy species river estuary Malaysia

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Cenozoic low temperature cooling history of the eastern Lhasa terrane:Implications for high-relief topography of external drainage area in the southern Tibetan Plateau

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第5期14卷 126-140页

作者： Wenbo Su Zhiyuan He Linglin Zhong Stijn Glorie Kanghui Zhong johan De Grave Laboratory for Mineralogy and Petrology Department of GeologyGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281 S89000 GhentBelgium College of Earth Sciences Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Department of Earth Sciences School of Physical SciencesThe University of AdelaideSA-5005Australia

The Tibetan Plateau geographically contains internal and external drainage areas based on the distributions of river flows and *** internal and external drainage areas display similar highelevations,while their topographic reliefs are not comparable;the former shows a large low-relief surface,whereas the latter is characterized by relatively high *** eastern Lhasa terrane is a key tectonic component of the Tibetan *** is characterized by high topography and relief,but the thermal history of its basement remains relatively poorly *** this study we report new apatite fission track data from the eastern part of the central Lhasa terrane to constrain the thermo-tectonic evolution of the external drainage area in the southern Tibetan ***-one new AFT ages and associated thermal history models reveal that the basement underlying the external drainage area in southern Tibet experienced three main phases of rapid cooling in the *** Paleocene-early Eocene(-60–48 Ma)cooling was likely induced by crustal shortening and associated rock exhumation,due to accelerated northward subduction of the NeoTethys oceanic lithosphere.A subsequent cooling pulse lasted from the late Eocene to early Oligocene(-40–28 Ma),possibly due to the thickening and consequential erosion of the Lhasa lithosphere resulted from the continuous northward indentation of the India plate into *** most recent rapid cooling event occurred in the middle Miocene-early Pliocene(-16–4 Ma),likely induced by accelerated incision of the Lhasa River and local thrust *** AFT ages and published low-temperature thermochronological data reveal that the external drainage area experienced younger cooling events compared with the internal drainage area,and that the associated differentiated topographic evolution initiated at ca.30 *** contributing factors for the formation of the high-relief topography mainly contain active surface uplift,fault activity,

关键词： Cenozoic Apatite fission track thermochronology Exhumation Lhasa terrane External drainage area Tibetan Plateau

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Feed endoxylanase type and dose affect arabinoxylan hydrolysis and fermentation in ageing broilers☆

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 787-800页

作者： An Bautil johan Buyse Peter Goos Michael R.Bedford Christophe M.Courtin Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems(M2S)KU Leuven3001LeuvenBelgium Laboratory of Livestock Physiology Department of BiosystemsKU Leuven3001LeuvenBelgium MeBioS Division Department of BiosystemsKU Leuven3001LeuvenBelgium AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshireSN84ANUnited Kingdom

Despite the general use of endoxylanases in poultry feed to improve broiler performance,the abundance of different endoxylanase products and the variable response to their application in the field prevent a clear understanding of endoxylanase functionality in *** gain insight into this functionality,we investigated the impact of endoxylanase type(Belfeed from Bacillus subtilis versus Econase XT from Nonomuraea flexuosa)and dose(10,100,1,000 mg/kg)in combination with broiler age on arabinoxylan(AX)hydrolysis and fermentation in broilers(Ross 308)fed a wheat-soy based *** a digestibility trial and a performance trial,a total of 1,057 one-day-old chicks received the control diet or 1 of the 6 endoxylanase supplemented wheat-soy based diets with,respectively,5 replicate cages and 8 replicate pens per dietary treatment per *** AX content and structure,the AX digestibility values and the short-chain fatty acids produced were analysed at the level of the ileum,caeca and excreta at d 11 and *** supplementation resulted in a more extensive solubilisation of wheat AX and a reduction in the intestinal viscosity compared to the control(P<0.05).A high endoxylanase dose was,however,required to obtain increased hydrolysis of the dietary AX along the gastrointestinal tract against the control(P<0.001).Depending on the type of endoxylanase,a pool of AX with distinct physicochemical properties was *** *** endoxylanase created a large pool of soluble AX in the ileum,thereby increasing ileal viscosity compared to broilers fed an endoxylanase from ***(P<0.001).The *** endoxylanase mainly triggered caecal AX fermentation in young broilers,by delivering easily fermentable AX substrates with a low degree of polymerisation(P=0.03).The effects were particularly present in young broilers(d 11).From this study,it is clear that the type and dose of endoxylanase added to wheat-soy based diets determine the nature of AX substrates ***

关键词： Broiler Arabinoxylan Feed enzyme Endoxylanase Digestion

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Ganglioglioma surgery associated with postoperative status epilepticus:a case report

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Acta Epileptologica 2022年第4期5卷 257-262页

作者： Irena Grubor Maria Compagno Strandberg johan Bengzon Division of Neurosurgery Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySkane University HospitalLundSweden Division of Neurology Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySkane University HospitalLundSweden Division of Neurosurgery and Lund Stem Cell Center Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySkane University HospitalLundSweden

Background Gangliogliomas are brain tumors associated with drug-resistant focal *** most cases,seizures improve after surgical *** is still not concluded to what extent the lesion itself or the perilesional area contributes to the *** presentation In the case presented in this report,the patient,a 24-year-old Caucasian male,developed a refractory status epilepticus after a surgical attempt to remove a cerebral *** postoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the lesion was intact,and that inadvertently only the perilesional area and adjacent cortex had been *** patient underwent a new surgical procedure where the ganglioglioma was removed,and the status epilepticus *** This clinical case suggests that the lesion itself plays an important role in seizure generation and propagation,and notably,that the surrounding cortex by an inhibitory action can act as a gate to seizure spread.

关键词： Postoperative complication Epilepsy surgery Seizures Epileptogenicity Seizure outcome

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Creating the semantic Web with RDF : professional developer's guide

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2001年

作者： Hjelm johan.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on The Flow of Foreign Trade in Cameroon：Relationship of Complementarity or Substitutability in The Agricultural Sector

Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on The Flow of Foreign ...

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作者： TCHANTCHOU WAGUE johan LANDRY 合肥工业大学

学位级别：硕士

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Subwavelength Acoustic Valley-Hall Topological Insulators Using Soda Cans Honeycomb Lattices

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Research 2019年第1期2019卷 711-718页

作者： Zhiwang Zhang Ye Gu Houyou Long Ying Cheng Xiaojun Liu johan Christensen Department of Physics MOE Key Laboratory of Modern AcousticsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Physics Universidad Carlos III de Madrid28916 LeganesMadridSpain

Topological valley-contrasting physics has attracted great attention in exploring the use of the valley degree of freedom as a promising carrier of ***,this concept has been extended to acoustic systems to obtain nonbackscattering sound ***,previous demonstrations are limited by the cut-of frequency of 2D waveguides and lattice-scale size restrictions since the topological edge states originate from Bragg *** we engineer topologically valley-projected edge states in the form of spoof surface acoustic waves that confne along the surface of a subwavelength honeycomb lattice composed of 330-mL soda *** inversion symmetry is broken through injecting a certain amount of water into one of the two cans in each unit cell,which gaps the Dirac cone and ultimately leads to the topological valley-Hall phase ***-frequency ranges of the valley-projected edge states below the sound line are observed,which originate from the frst-order and second-order resonances,*** results have the potential to enable promising routes to design integrated acoustic devices based on valley-contrasting physics.

关键词： transition topological symmetry

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