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How Plants Cope with Cadmium: Staking All on Metabolism and Gene expression

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第10期50卷 1268-1280页

作者： Giovanni DalCorso silvia Farinati silvia Maistri Antonella Furini Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico Universita` degli Studi di Verona Strada Le Grazie 15 37134 Verona Italy

environmental pollution is one of the major problems for human health. Toxic heavy metals are normally present as soil constituents or can also be spread out in the environment by human activity and agricultural techniques. Soil contamination by heavy metals as cadmium, highlights two main aspects： on one side they interfere with the life cycle of plants and therefore reduce crop yields, and on the other hand, once adsorbed and accumulated into the plant tissues, they enter the food chain poisoning animals and humans. Considering this point of view, understanding the mechanism by which plants handle heavy metal exposure, in particular cadmium stress, is a primary goal of plant-biotechnology research or plant breeders whose aim is to create plants that are able to recover high amounts of heavy metals, which can be used for phytoremediation, or identify crop varieties that do not accumulate toxic metal in grains or fruits. In this review we focus on the main symptoms of cadmium toxicity both on root apparatus and shoots. We elucidate the mechanisms that plants activate to prevent absorption or to detoxify toxic metal ions, such as synthesis of phytochelatins, metallothioneins and enzymes involved in stress response. Finally we consider new plant-biotechnology applications that can be applied for phytoremediation.

关键词： cadmium heavy metals metallothioneins phytochelatins phytoremediation transporters.

Reliability of nephrolithometric nomograms in patients treated with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A precision study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第1期10卷 70-80页

作者： Giorgio Mazzon Francesco Claps Nicola pavan Simon Choong Guohua Zeng Wenqi Wu Jiehui Zhong Maida Bada Marco Pirozzi Raffaele Vitale Antonio Celia Department of Urology San Bassiano HospitalBassano del GrappaItaly Department of Urology University of TriesteTriesteItaly Institute of Urology University College Hospitals LondonLondonUK Department of Urology Minimally Invasive Centrethe first affiliated hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina

Objectives:The study aimed to evaluate quality of nephrolithometric nomograms to predict stone-free rates(SFRs)and complication rates(CRs)in case of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PNL).In the last decade,nomograms have been introduced to estimate the SFRs and CRs of ***,no data are available regarding their reliability in case of utilization of miniaturized *** we present a prospective multicentric study to evaluate reliability of Guy’s stone score(GSS),the stone size,tract length,obstruction,number of involved calyces,and essence of stone(S.T.O.N.e.)nephrolithometry score and Clinical Research Office of the endourological Society(CROeS)score in patients treated with minimally invasive ***:We evaluated SFRs and CRs of 222 adult patients treated with miniaturized *** were considered stone-free if no residual fragments of any size at post-operative unenhanced computed tomography *** demographics,SFRs,and CRs were reported and *** of nomograms were evaluated with the area under the curve(AUC).Results:We included 222 patients,the AUCs of GSS,CROeS score,and *** score were 0.69(95%confidence interval[CI]0.61-0.78),0.64(95%CI 0.56-0.73),and 0.62(95%CI 0.52-0.71),*** SFRs,at multivariate binomial logistic regression,only the GSS had significance with an odds ratio of 0.53(95%CI 0.31e0.95,p=0.04).We did not find significant correlation with complications,with only a trend for ***:This is the first study evaluating nomograms in miniaturized *** still show good reliability;however,our data showed lower performances compared to standard *** emphasize the need of further studies to confirm this trend.A dedicated nomogram for minimally invasive PNL may be necessary.

关键词： Urolithiasis Nomogram Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Renal stone Clavien-Dindo

Message in a bottle from the tumor microenvironment:tumor-educated DCs instruct B cells to participate in immunosuppression

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第9期14卷 730-732页

作者： Francesca Mion silvia Tonon Viviana Valeri Carlo e Pucillo Department of Medicine University of UdineUdineItaly

Once tumour cells have overcome the molecular mechanisms that prevent their uncontrolled proliferation,the only enemy they need to deal with is the immune system,which is able to recognize and destroy transformed ***,one of the evasion mechanisms put in place by the tumour is made by the suppressive arm of the immune system itself.

关键词： tumour instru overcome

Transcriptional Programs Related to Phytochrome A Function in Arabidopsis Seed Germination

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1261-1273页

作者： silvia e. Ibarra Gabriela Auge Rodolfo A. Sanchez Javier F. Botto IFeVA Facultad de Agronomfa Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas Av. San Martin 4453 C1417DSECiudad de Buenos Aires Argentina

In Arabidopsis seeds, germination is promoted only by phytochromes, principally phytochrome B （phyB） and phytochrome A （phyA）. Despite the abundant information concerning the molecular basis of phyB signaling downstream of PIF1/PIL5, the signaling network inducing germination by phyA is poorly known. Here, we describe the influence of phyA on the transcriptome of Arabidopsis seeds when germination is induced by a far-red （FR） pulse. The expression of 11% of the genome was significantly regulated by phyA. Most of the genes were up-regulated and the changes noted late （i.e. 5 h after a FR pulse）, whereas changes in down-regulated genes were more abundant earlier （i.e. 0.5 h after a FR pulse）. Auxin- and GA-associated elements were overrepresented in the genes that were modified by phyA. A significant number of genes whose expression was affected by phyA had not been previously reported to be dependent on PIL5. Among them, homozygotic mutant seeds of MYB66, a SAUR-like protein, PIN7, and GASA4 showed an impaired promo- tion of germination by phyA. Natural variation at the transcriptional level was found in early signaling and GA metabolic genes, but not in ABA metabolic and expansin genes between Columbia and Landsberg erecta accessions. Although phyA and phyB/PIL5 signaling pathways share some molecular components, our data suggest that phyA signaling is partially independent of PIL5 when germination is promoted by very low fluences of light.

关键词： transcriptome germination light Arabidopsis seeds PIF1/PIL5 phytochrome A (phyA) phytochrome B (phyB).

Prospective Merger Between Car-Parrinello and Lattice Boltzmann Methods for Quantum Many-Body Simulations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第5期9卷 1137-1151页

作者： Sauro Succi silvia Palpacelli Istituto Applicazioni Calcolo CNRvia dei Taurini 1900185 RomaItaly Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraβe 19D-79104 Freiburg i.Br.Germany Numidia s.r.l. via Berna 3100144 RomaItaly

Formal analogies between the Car-Parrinello(CP)ab-initio molecular dynamics for quantum many-body systems,and the Lattice Boltzmann(LB)method for classical and quantum fluids,are pointed out.A theoretical scenario,whereby the quantum LB would be coupled to the CP framework to speed-up many-body quantum simulations,is also discussed,together with accompanying considerations on the computational efficiency of the prospective CP-LB scheme.

关键词： Quantum many-body problems Car-Parrinello ab-initio molecular dynamics lattice Boltzmann method

Lipid catabolism and mitochondrial uncoupling are stimulated in brown adipose tissue of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mouse models

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 321-324页

作者： Fabio Ciccarone Serena Castelli Giacomo Lazzarino silvia Scaricamazza Renata Mangione Sergio Bernardini Savina Apolloni Nadia D'Ambrosi Alberto Ferri Maria Rosa Ciriolo Department of Biology University of Rome “Tor Vergata”00133 RomeItaly IRCCS San Raffaele Roma 00166 RomeItaly UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences 00131 RomeItaly IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia 00179 RomeItaly Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences Intensive and Perioperative ClinicsCatholic University of Rome00168 RomeItaly Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS 00168 RomeItaly Institute of Translational Pharmacology IFT-CNR 00133 RomeItaly

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disease typically leading to death within 5 years from symptom onset. ALS familial forms are associated with mutations in several genes, including Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1) and Fused in Sarcoma (FUS). Although genes linked to ALS participate in disparate biological processes, ALS genetic variants largely trigger shared pathogenic events such as oxidative stress, protein aggregation and defects in RNA processing. Moreover, ALS patients show systemic hypermetabolism that leads to increased energy expenditure at rest and thus weight loss during the disease course.1 ALS hypermetabolic phenotype and weight loss have been extensively characterized in mice bearing the G93A substitution in SOD1 protein (SOD1-G93A), which exhibit skeletal-muscle metabolic reprogramming before disease onset.

关键词： Lipid metabolism aggregation

ecofriendly e-Nose Based in PLA and Only 0.3 wt%of CNTs

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第4期7卷 355-363页

作者： Laura Ribba Jonathan Cimadoro silvia Goyanes Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesDepartamento de FísicaLaboratorio de Polímeros y Materiales Compuestos(LP&MC)Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires(IFIBA-CONICET)Ciudad Universitaria(1428)Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina

In this work,conductive polymer nanocomposites were developed based on a biodegradable and biobased polymer(poly(lactic acid)),with the incorporation of only 0.3 wt%of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)to be used as volatile solvent *** correct dispersion of the nanofiller was achieved thanks to a CNT non-covalent modification with an azo-dye(disperse orange 3)which allowed to reach the percolation for electric conduction in values as low as 0.3 wt%.The chemo-resistive properties of the developed sensors were investigated by exposure to organic vapors(ethanol,tetrahydrofuran and toluene)and water vapor,showing good *** addition,considering the manipulation to which the sensor will be exposed,wear resistance was characterized,finding that the incorporation of CNTs produced an increase in more than a 50%.

关键词： Poly(lactic acid) carbon nanotubes sensor CPC organic solvent vapor DO3

3D imaging lipidometry in single cell by in-flow holographic tomography

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Opto-electronic Advances 2023年第1期6卷 10-25页

作者： Daniele Pirone Daniele Sirico Lisa Miccio Vittorio Bianco Martina Mugnano Danila del Giudice Gianandrea Pasquinelli Sabrina Valente silvia Lemma Luisa Iommarini Ivana Kurelac Pasquale Memmolo Pietro Ferraro CNR-ISASI Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems“E.Caianiello”Via Campi Flegrei 34PozzuoliNapoli 80078Italy Department of electrical engineering and Information Technologies University of Naples“FedericoⅡ”via Claudio 21Napoli 80125Italy Department of Chemical Materials and Production Engineering of the University of Naples FedericoⅡPiazzale Tecchio 80Napoli 80125Italy Department of Mathematics and Physics University of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Caserta 81100Italy Biotechnology and Methods in Laboratory Medicine Department of ExperimentalDiagnostic and Specialty Medicine(DIMES)University of BolognaBologna 40126Italy Subcellular Nephro-Vascular Diagnostic Program Pathology Unit S.Orsola IRCCSUniversity of BolognaBologna 40126Italy Unit of Medical Genetics Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences(DIMEC)University of BolognaVia Massarenti 9Bologna 40138Italy Study and Research Center on Gynecological Neoplasias Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences(DIMEC)University of BolognaVia Massarenti 9Bologna 40138Italy Center for Applied Biomedical Research(CRBA) University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology(FABIT) University of BolognaBologna 40126Italy

The most recent discoveries in the biochemical field are highlighting the increasingly important role of lipid droplets(LDs)in several regulatory mechanisms in living *** are dynamic organelles and therefore their complete characterization in terms of number,size,spatial positioning and relative distribution in the cell volume can shed light on the roles played by *** now,fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy are assessed as the gold standard methods for identifying LDs due to their high sensitivity and ***,such methods generally only provide 2D assays and partial ***,both can be destructive and with low productivity,thus limiting analysis of large cell numbers in a *** we demonstrate for the first time the capability of 3D visualization and the full LD characterization in high-throughput with a tomographic phase-contrast flow-cytometer,by using ovarian cancer cells and monocyte cell lines as models.A strategy for retrieving significant parameters on spatial correlations and LD 3D positioning inside each cell volume is *** information gathered by this new method could allow more in depth understanding and lead to new discoveries on how LDs are correlated to cellular functions.

关键词： lipid droplets label-free phase-contrast imaging in-flow tomography 3D imaging

Innovative strategies and nutritional perspectives for fortifying pumpkin tissue and other vegetable matrices with iron

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2020年第2期9卷 103-111页

作者： Marina F.de escalada Pla silvia K.Flores Carolina e.Genevois Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesDepartamento de IndustriasBuenos AiresArgentina CONICeT-Universidad de Buenos Aires Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos y Procesos Quimicos(ITAPROQ)Buenos AiresArgentina Universidad Nacional de entre Rios(UNeR) Facultad de BromatologiaGualeguaychuEntre RiosArgentina CONICeT Buenos AiresArgentina

The present review article focuses on different technological strategies and nutritional perspectives having added advantage to human health in fortifying vegetables matrices with *** introduction to the main aspects related to iron deficiency consequences is resumed in order to understand the importance of developing new strategies for improving iron *** this sense,the tendencies and alternatives will also be *** technologies like impregnation or dry infusion are presented as sustainable options for obtaining structured fortified vegetables.A review about the usefulness of edible covers for stabilizing micronutrients and/or probiotic microorganisms in fortified matrices is also *** iron deficiency still continue to be a worldwide health issue,innovating in food fortification remains a challenge for researchers and food manufactures.

关键词： Vegetables Iron Ascorbic acid Probiotics edible covers