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Stability of soil organic carbon changes in successive rotations of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.) Hook) plantations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第3期21卷 352-359页

作者： ZHANG Jian wang silong FENG Zongwei wang Qingkui Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Department of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem Huitong 418307 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

The importance of soil organic carbon （SOC） under forests in the global carbon cycle depends on the stability of the soil carbon and its availability to soil microbial biomass. We investigated the effects of successive rotations of Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata （Lamb.） Hook） plantations on the stability of SOC and its availability to microbes by adopting the two-step hydrolysis with H2SO4 and density fractionation. The results showed that successive rotations of Chinese fir decreased the quantity of total SOC, recalcitrant fraction, and carbohydrates in Labile Pool I （LPI）, and microbial properties evidently, especially at 0-10 cm horizon. However, cellulose included in Labile Pool Ⅱ （LP Ⅱ） and the cellulose/total carbohydrates ratio increased in successive rotations of Chinese fir. The noncellulose of carbohydrates included in LPI maybe highly available to soil microbial biomass. Hence the availability of SOC to microbial biomass declined over the successive rotations. Although there was no significant change in recalcitrance of SOC over the successive rotations of Chinese fir, the percentage of heavy fraction to total SOC increased, suggesting that the degree of physical protection for SOC increased and SOC became more stable over the successive rotations. The degradation of SOC quality in successive rotation soils may be attributed to worse environmental conditions resulted from disturbance that related to ＂slash and burn＂ site preparation. Being highly correlated with soil microbial properties, the cellulose/total carbohydrates ratio as an effective indicator of changes in availability of SOC to microbial biomass brought by management practices in forest soils.

关键词： Chinese fir plantation forest soils organic carbon microbial property biochemical quality density fractionation

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Comparisons of carbon storages in Cunninghamia lanceolata and Michelia macclurei plantations during a 22-year period in southern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第6期21卷 801-805页

作者： NIU Dong wang silong OUYANG Zhiyun State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

Tree species composition was important for carbon storage within the same climate *** quantify the dynamics of ecosystem carbon allocation as affected by different tree species,we measured the above-and below-ground biomass accumulation in 22 years,as well as the tissue carbon concentrations of trees in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation and Michelia macclurei *** indicated that *** plantation significantly stored more carbon（174.8 tons/hm2） than *** plantation（154.3 tons/hm2）.Most of the carbon was found in the soil pool（57.1% in *** plantation,55.2% in *** plantation）.Tree and soil component of *** plantation possessed significantly higher carbon storage than that of *** plantation（p 〈 0.05）.No significant difference was found in the carbon storage of understory and forest *** results suggest that the broadleaved species（***） possesses greater carbon sequestration potential than the coniferous species（***） in southern China.

关键词： Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation Michelia macclurei plantation carbon storage carbon allocation patterns

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Real-Time H.265/HEVC Intra Encoding with a Configurable Architecture on FPGA Platform

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2019年第5期28卷 1008-1017页

作者： DING Dandan wang silong LIU Zoe YUAN Qingshu School of Information Science and Engineering Hangzhou Normal University College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University

This paper proposes a flexible design scheme for H.265/HEVC encoding based on FPGA, which allows an easy incorporation of a variety of algorithms applied to different scenarios. In particular, we present an H.265/HEVC intra encoder as an instantiation of our proposed scheme. The key idea is to develop an encoder system by configuring basic Processing elements(PEs) of fundamental algorithms. Our intra encoder using the flexible framework is structured with fourstage CTU based pipeline. Pixel-level PEs are designed to unify the intra prediction of 35 modes and a multiscale compatible transform array is proposed to process variable size transform. 32 PEs are paralleled for intra mode decision to support 35 combinations of modes and partitions. In the reconstruction stage, 16 PEs are paralleled for intra prediction and a 16 × 16 multiplier array is configured for transforms of variable sizes with a constant 16 pixels/cycle throughput. Implementation results show that our proposed architecture costs about63 K Lookup tables and 62 KB on-chip memories on Xilinx Kintex-7 platform with the maximum working frequency at 175 MHz, which is sufficient for real-time encoding of 1920 × 1080 @60 fps video at 160 MHz. The flexibility and extension capability of our framework provides a great potential for future FPGA solutions serving for different purposes.

关键词： H.265/HEVC Configuration Flexibility Intra prediction FPGA

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N concentration of old leaves and twigs is more sensitive to stand density than that of young ones in Chinese fir plantations： a case study in subtropical China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第1期29卷 163-169页

作者： Yuebao Di Xiaoli Fu Huimin wang Wenhua Li silong wang Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 People's Republic of China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Processes and Information Ji'an 343725 People's Republic of China Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Sbenyang 110016 People' s Republic of China

Young leaves are conventionally used in the analysis to study the nutrient status of evergreen plants and their responses to environmental changes, but the role of old leaves remains poorly understood. We selected two stand types in 31-year-old Chinese fir（Cunninghamia lanceolata） plantations with similar soil conditions but different stand densities, to test the hypothesis that nitrogen（N） concentration of old leaves and twigs is more sensitive to stand density than that of young ones. Leaves and twigs were sampled and sorted into young（one-year-old） and old（two-and three-year-old） groups. Significant differences in N concentration and carbon： nitrogen ratio between the low-density stand and high-density stand were only found in the old leaves and twigs but not in the young *** the N resorption efficiency did not vary significantly with stand density, the annual N resorption rates were increased in old leaves and relatively young twigs at high stand density. These results show the potential use of old tissues in the nutrient analysis in Chinese fir plantations. Testing the generality of these results could improve the use of foliar analysis as an indicator of nutrient status and environmental changes in evergreen tree species.

关键词： Foliar analysis Twig Nitrogen Nutrient resorption Stand density

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Carbon storage in evergreen broad-leaf forests in mid-subtropical region of China at four succession stages

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 677-682页

作者： ZENG Zhangquan wang silong ZHANG Canming GONG Chao HU Qing Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil EcologyInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sci- ences Hunan Academy of Forestry Hengshan Station of Forest Ecology Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences

To better understand the effect of forest succession on carbon sequestration, we investigated carbon stock and allocation of evergreen broadleaf forest, a major zonal forest in subtropical China. We sought to quantify the carbon sequestration potential. We sampled four forest types, shrub （SR）, pine （Pinus massoniana） forest （PF）, pin~ and broadleaf mixed forest （Mr） and evergreen broadleaf forest （BF）. A regression equation was constructed using tree height and diameter at breast height （DBH） and elements of total tree biomass. The equation was subse- quently utilized to estimate tree carbon storage. The carbon storage of understory, litter, and soil was also estimated.

关键词： Biomass carbon Carbon allocation Carbon sequestration Soil organic carbon China subtropical forest

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Allocation patterns of nonstructural carbohydrates in response to CO_(2)elevation and nitrogen deposition in Cunninghamia lanceolata saplings

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 87-98页

作者： Wenhui Zheng Renshan Li Qingpeng Yang Weidong Zhang Ke Huang Xin Guan Longchi Chen Xin Yu Qingkui wang silong wang Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Monitoring and Sustainable Management and Utilization Sanming UniversitySanming 365004People’s Republic of China CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyHuitong Experimental Station of Forest EcologyShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem HuaihuaHuitong 418307People’s Republic of China Life Science Department Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934People’s Republic of China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of the Development and Utilization of Bamboo Resources Sanming UniversitySanming 365004People’s Republic of China

Stored nonstructural carbohydrates(NSC)indicate a balance between photosynthetic carbon(C)assimilation and growth investment or loss through respiration and root *** play an important role in plant function and whole-plant level C ***_(2)elevation and nitrogen(N)deposition,which are two major environmental issues worldwide,aff ect plant photosynthetic C assimilation and C release in forest ***,information regarding the eff ect of CO_(2)elevation and N deposition on NSC storage in diff erent organs remains limited,especially regarding the trade-off between growth and NSC ***,here we analyzed the variations in the NSC storage in diff erent organs of Chinese fi r(Cunninghamia lanceolata)under CO_(2)elevation and N addition and found that NSC concentrations and contents in all organs of Chinese fi r saplings increased remarkably under CO_(2)***,N addition induced diff erential accumulation of NSC among various *** cally,N addition decreased the NSC concentrations of needles,branches,stems,and fi ne roots,but increased the NSC contents of branches and coarse *** increase in the NSC contents of roots was more pronounced than that in the NSC content of aboveground organs under CO_(2)*** role of N addition in the increase in the structural biomass of aboveground organs was greater than that in the increase in the structural biomass of *** result indicated that a diff erent tradeoff between growth and NSC storage occurred to alleviate resource limitations under CO_(2)elevation and N addition and highlights the importance of separating biomass into structural biomass and NSC reserves when investigating the eff ects of environmental change on biomass allocation.

关键词： Biomass partition CO_(2)elevation N deposition Nonstructural carbohydrates Structural biomass

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Soil microbial activity and nutrients of evergreen broad-leaf forests in mid-subtropical region of China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 673-678页

作者： Zhangquan Zeng silong wang Canming Zhang Hong Tang Xiquan Li Zijian Wu Jia Luo Hunan Academy of Forestry Hengshan Station of Forest Ecology Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem College of Environment and Life Science Kaili University

To better understand the effects of forest suc- cession on soil microbial activity, a comparison of soil microbial properties and nutrients was conducted between three forest types representing a natural forest succession chronosequence. The study compared a pine （Pinus mas- soniana） forest （PF）, a pine and broadleaf mixed forest （MF） and an evergreen broadleaf forest （BF）, in the Yingzuijie Biosphere Reserve, Hunan Province, China. Results showed that soil nutrients in the MF and BF plots were higher than in the PF plots. The range in microbial biomass carbon followed a similar pattem with Be havingthe greatest values, 522-1022 mg kg-1, followed by Mr 368-569 mg kg-1, and finally, PF 193--449 mg kg-1. Soil nutrients were more strongly correlated with microbial biomass carbon than basal respiration or metabolic quo- tient. Overall, forest succession in the study site improved soil microbial properties and soil fertility, which in turn can increase primary productivity and carbon sequestration.

关键词： Keywords qCO2 Soil microbial biomass C Soil nutrient

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In-situ warming does not change soil priming effect induced by glucose addition in a temperate forest

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 759-769页

作者： Xiaohan DONG Yunting FANG Dongwei LIU Xin GUAN Kai HUANG Yuqi LIU Qingkui wang silong wang Weidong ZHANG Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyShenyang 110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Hunan Key Laboratory for Structure and Ecosystem Service of Subtropical Forest Huitong National Research Station of Forest EcosystemHuitong 418307China Qingyuan Forest Chinese Ecosystem Research Network(CERN) National Observation and Research StationShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016(China)f Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and ApplicationsShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality Shenyang 110016China

Priming effect(PE)on soil organic carbon(SOC)decomposition caused by the addition of organic carbon(C)is an important ecological process in regulating soil C ***,most priming studies are confined to laboratory trials,while the assessment of soil PE under field conditions with variable weather conditions is *** study assessed the direct effects of glucose addition and in-situ warming on the extent of PE under field conditions in a temperate *** evaluated soil PE using 13C-glucose labelling,a simple and novel technique,based on the Keeling plot *** addition significantly enhanced native SOC decomposition and induced strong ***,the effect of in-situ warming on the extent of PE was not *** study confirms the importance of PE in regulating SOC turnover under field conditions.

关键词： lue lblling tchnquegbal wamingrmingt hppidfaty ai solganmattermineralisatn oezme respiration

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Retention of harvest residues promotes the accumulation of topsoil organic carbon by increasing particulate organic carbon in a Chinese fir plantation

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第5期11卷 720-727页

作者： Jiamin Yang Ke Huang Xin Guan Weidong Zhang Renshan Li Longchi Chen silong wang Qingpeng Yang Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyShenyang110016China Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem Hunan Key Laboratory for Structure and Ecosystem Service of Subtropical ForestHuaihua418307China Life Science Department Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang471934China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408China

Background As commonly used harvest residue management practices in subtropical plantations,stem only harvesting(SOH)and whole tree harvesting(WTH)are expected to affect soil organic carbon(SOC)***,knowledge on how SOC and its fractions(POC:particulate organic carbon;MAOC:mineral-associated organic carbon)respond to different harvest residue managements is *** In this study,a randomized block experiment containing SOH and WTH was conducted in a Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)*** effect of harvest residue management on SOC and its fractions in topsoil(0–10cm)and subsoil(20–40cm)was *** inputs(harvest residue retaining mass and fine root biomass)and microbial and mineral properties were also *** The responses of SOC and its fractions to different harvest residue managements varied with soil ***,SOH enhanced the content of SOC and POC in topsoil with increases of 15.9%and 29.8%,respectively,compared with ***,SOH had no significant effects on MAOC in topsoil and SOC and its fractions in *** results indicated that the increase in POC induced by the retention of harvest residue was the primary contributor to SOC accumulation,especially in *** harvest residue managements affected SOC and its fractions through different pathways in topsoil and *** plant inputs(the increase in fine root biomass induced by SOH)exerted a principal role in the SOC accumulation in topsoil,whereas mineral and microbial properties played a more important role in regulating SOC dynamics than plants inputs in *** The retention of harvest residues can promote SOC accumulation by increasing POC,and is thus suggested as an effective technology to enhance the soil carbon sink for mitigating climate change in plantation management.

关键词： Chinese fir plantation Soil organic carbon Particulate organic carbon Mineral-associated organic carbon Harvest residue management

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Nitrogen Deposition and Its Spatial Pattern in Main Forest Ecosystems along North-South Transect of Eastern China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2014年第2期24卷 137-146页

作者： ZHAN Xiaoyun YU Guirui HE Nianpeng FANG Huajun JIA Bingrui ZHOU Mei wang Chuankuan ZHANG Junhui ZHAO Guangdong wang silong LIU Yunfen YAN Junhua Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Ecology and Environmental Science Inner Mongolia Agricultural University College of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and Protection Chinese Academy of Forestry South China Botany Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences

A continuous three-year observation(from May 2008 to April 2011)was conducted to characterize the spatial variation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN)deposition at eight main forest ecosystems along the north-south transect of eastern China(NSTEC).The results show that both throughfall DIN deposition and bulk DIN deposition increase from north to south along the *** DIN deposition varies greatly from 2.7 kg N/(ha·yr)to 33.0 kg N/(ha·yr),with an average of 10.6 kg N/(ha·yr),and bulk DIN deposition ranges from 4.1 kg N/(ha·yr)to 25.4 kg N/(ha·yr),with an average of 9.8 kg N/(ha·yr).NH4+-N is the dominant form of DIN deposition at most sampling ***,the spatial variation of DIN deposition is controlled mainly by ***,in the northern part of the NSTEC,bulk DIN deposition is 17%higher than throughfall DIN deposition,whereas the trend is opposite in the southern part of the *** results demonstrate that DIN deposition would likely threaten the forest ecosystems along the NSTEC,compared with the critical loads(CL)of N deposition,and DIN deposition in this region is mostly controlled by agricultural activities rather than industrial activities or transportation.

关键词： forest ecosystem nitrogen deposition NH4+-N NO3-N eastern China

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