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Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1525-1540页

作者： Muhammad Junaid Eun Jeong Lee Su Bin lim Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Graduate School of Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. These high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

关键词： cellular diversity hypothalamus multi-omics single-cell transcriptomics spatial transcriptomics

A short overview of the lead iodide residue impact and regulation strategies in perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 504-510,I0012页

作者： eng Liang lim Zhanhua Wei Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information DisplaysCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021FujianChina

Lead iodide(PbI2) is a vital raw material for preparing perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and it not only takes part in forming the light absorption layer but also remains in the grain boundary as a *** other words,the PbI2 content in the precursor and as formed film will affect the efficiency and stability of the *** moderate residual PbI2,it passivates the bulk/surface defects of perovskite,reduces the interfacial recombination,promotes the perovskite stability,minimizes the device hysteresis,and so *** PbI2 residue will reduce the interfacial passivation effect and device *** addition to facilitating the non-radiative recombination,over PbI2 residue can also lead to electronic insulation in the grain boundary and deteriorate the device ***,the impact and regulation of PbI2 residue on the device performance and stability is still not fully ***,a comprehensive and detailed review is presented by discussing the PbI2 residue impact and its regulation strategies(i.e., elimination,facilitation and conversion of the residue PbI2) to manipulate the PbI2 content,distribution and ***,we also show future outlooks in this field,with an aim to help further the progression of high-efficiency and stable PSCs.

关键词： Lead iodide Residue Regulation Perovskite solar cells Efficiency Stability

Comprehensive molecular characterization to predict immunotherapy response in advanced biliary tract cancer:a phase II trial of pembrolizumab

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 57-65页

作者： RYUL KIM JOO KYUNG PARK MINSUK KWON MINAE AN JUNG YONG HONG JOON OH PARK SUNG HEE lim SEUNG TAE KIM Division of Hematology-Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Hematology-Oncology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon-siGyeonggi-doKorea Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are effective in a subset of patients with metastatic solid ***,the patients who would benefit most from ICIs in biliary tract cancer(BTC)are still *** and methods:We molecularly characterized tissues and blood from 32 patients with metastatic BTC treated with the ICI pembrolizumab as second-line ***:All patients had microsatellite stable(MSS)type *** of the 32 patients achieved partial response(PR),with an objective response rate(ORR)of 9.4%(95%confidence interval[CI],2.0–25.2)and nine showed stable disease(SD),exhibiting a disease control rate(DCR)of 37.5%(95%CI,21.1–56.3).For the 31 patients who had access to PD-1 ligand 1(PD-L1)combined positive score(CPS)testing(cut-off value≥1%),the ORR was not different between those who had PD-L1-positive(PD-L1+;1/11,9.1%)and PDL1-(2/20,10.0%)tumors(p=1.000).The tumor mutational burden(TMB)of PD-L1+BTC was comparable to that of PD-L1-BTC(p=0.630).TMB and any exonic somatic mutations were also not predictive of pembrolizumab *** analysis of blood and tumor samples demonstrated a relatively high natural killer(NK)cell proportion in the peripheral blood before pembrolizumab treatment in patients who achieved tumor ***,the tumors of these patients presented high enrichment scores for NK cells,antitumor cytokines,and Th1 signatures,and a low enrichment score for cancer-associated ***:This study shows the molecular characteristics associated with the efficacy of pembrolizumab in BTC of the MSS type.

关键词： Pembrolizumab Whole-exome sequencing Whole-transcriptome sequencing Biliary tract cancer

Can two-dimensional graphdiyne-based materials be novel materials for perovskite solar cell applications?

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Materials Futures 2023年第2期2卷 142-151页

Two-dimensional(2D)graphdiyne(GDY)-based materials have attracted attention in the solar cell research community owing to their unique physicochemical properties and hydrophobic nature which can serve as moisture resistance from the surrounding *** from these,the performance and stability ofperovskite solar cells(PSCs)can be greatly improved via the addition of 2D GDY-based *** mini-review summarizes the recent development of 2D GDY-based materials for PSC *** roles of 2D GDY-based materials,such as hole transporting material,electron transporting material,dopant material in perovskite film and interfacial layer,are discussed in ***,we provide future perspectives in this field,aiming to help further progress efficient and stable 2D GDY-based materials in PSCs.

关键词： two-dimensional material graphdiyne perovskite solar cells power conversion efficiency stability

Intelligent Exit-Selection Behaviors during a Room Evacuation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第1期29卷 291-294页

作者： Zarita Zainuddin lim eng Aik School of Mathematical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 MindenPenangMalaysia Institut Matematik Kejuruteraan Universiti Malaysia Perlis02000 Kuala PerlisPerlisMalaysia

A modified version of the existing cellular automata (CA) model is proposed to simulate an evacuation procedure in a classroom with and without *** on the numerous literature on the implementation of CA in modeling evacuation motions,it is notable that most of the published studies do not take into account the pedestrian's ability to select the exit route in their *** resolve these issues,we develop a CA model incorporating a probabilistic neural network for determining the decision-making ability of the pedestrians,and simulate an exit-selection phenomenon in the *** exit-selection behavior is observed in our *** the simulation results,it is observed that occupants tend to select the exit closest to them when the density is low,but if the density is high they will go to an alternative exit so as to avoid a long *** reflects the fact that occupants may not fully utilize multiple exits during *** improvement in our proposed model is valuable for further study and for upgrading the safety aspects of building designs.

关键词： Exit utilize automata

IPDDF:an improved precision dense descriptor based flow estimation

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2020年第1期5卷 49-54页

作者： Weiyong eng Voonchet Koo Tiensze lim Faculty of engineering and Technology Multimedia UniversityJalan Ayer Keroh Lama75450 MelakaMalaysia

Large displacement optical flow algorithms are generally categorised into descriptor-based matching and pixel-based ***-based approaches are robust to geometric variation,however they have inherent localisation precision limitation due to histogram *** work presents a novel method called improved precision dense descriptor flow(IPDDF).The authors introduce an additional pixel-based matching cost within an existing dense Daisy descriptor framework to improve the flow estimation ***-based features such as pixel colour and gradient are computed on top of the original descriptor in the authors’matching cost *** pixel-based cost only requires a light-weight pre-computation and can be adapted seamlessly into the matching cost *** framework is built based on the Daisy Filter Flow *** the framework,Daisy descriptor and a filter-based efficient flow inference technique,as well as a randomised fast patch match search algorithm,are *** the novel matching cost formulation,the framework enables efficiently solving dense correspondence field estimation in a high-dimensional search space,which includes scale and *** on various challenging image pairs demonstrate the proposed algorithm enhances flow estimation accuracy as well as generate a spatially coherent yet edge-aware flow field result efficiently.

关键词： estimation flow matching

Response Surface Analysis of Crowd Dynamics during Tawaf

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第7期29卷 290-294页

A refined cellular automata model is applied to simulate the crowd movement of Muslim pilgrims performing the Tawaf ritual within the Al-Haram Mosque in *** results from the simulation are obtained and the influence of the predictor variables of the evacuation process (pedestrian flow and Tawaf duration) on the responses (pedestrian density,average walking speed,and cumulative evacuee) is investigated using response surface methodology (RSM).The average results from the experiments with an rms error less than 0.5 are obtained from the *** performance indicates that the RSM possesses excellent predictive ability for the model evacuation study,because both the experimental and the predicted values agree well with the results obtained in this study.

关键词： automata refined performing

PatchMatch Filter-Census:A slanted-plane stereo matching method for slope modelling application

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2021年第3期3卷 199-209页

作者： Weiyong eng Voonchet Koo Tiensze lim Faculty of engineering and Technology Multimedia UniversityMelakaMalaysia

Image matching is a well-studied problem in computer *** image matching is solved using image feature matching algorithms,and later deep learning techniques are also applied to tackle the ***,a slope-modelling framework is proposed by adopting the image matching ***,image pairs of a slope scene are captured and camera calibration as well as image rectification are ***,PatchMatch Filter(PMF-S)and PWC-Net techniques are adapted to solve the matching of image *** the proposed PatchMatch Filter-Census(PMF-Census),slanted-plane modelling,image census transform and gradient difference are employed in matching cost ***,nine matching points are manually selected from an image *** point pairs are further used in fitting a transformation matrix to relate the matching between the image ***,the transformation matrix is applied to obtain a ground truth matching image for algorithm *** challenges in this matching problem are that the slope is of a homogenous region and it has a slanted-surface geometric *** this work,it is found out that the error rate of the proposed PMF-Census is significantly lower as compared with the PWC-Net method and is more suitable in this slope-modelling *** addition,to show the robustness of the proposed PMF-Census against the original PMF-S,further experiments on some image pairs from Middlebury Stereo 2006 dataset are *** is demonstrated that the error percentage by the proposed PMF-Census is reduced significantly especially in the low-texture and photometric distorted region,in comparison to the original PMF-S *** further verifies the suitability of the PMF-Census in modelling the outdoor low-texture slope scene.

关键词： matching image plane

Size prediction of κ-carrageenan droplets formed in co-flowing immiscible liquid

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Particuology 2011年第6期9卷 637-643页

作者： Jun-Yee Leong Tek-Kaun lim Ravindra Pogaku eng-Seng Chan Centre of Materials and Minerals School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah School of engineering Monash University

The formation of K-carrageenan droplets in channel emulsification was experimentally investigated. The dispersed phase was vertically injected into co-flowing immiscible palm oil in the direction of gravity. This study focused on predicting K-carrageenan drop size using force balance analysis. The force balance model considers the interracial tension to be the solitary attaching force, while a combination of the drag force from the co-flowing palm oil and the body force of the extruding K-carrageenan liquid act as the detaching forces. The conventional model gave poor predictions for droplet size, with an average relative deviation of 23%. This large deviation could be attributed to necking phenomena and an underestimation of the drag force generated on the shear-thinning K-carrageenan solution. By incorporating correction factors, the average relative deviation of the force balance model dronned to 4%.

关键词： K-Carrageenan Droplet Channel emulsification Co-flowing Dripping Bioencapsulation