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Health 2021年第2期13卷 188-203页

作者： Lindsay M. Belvedere siena f. davis Bobbi L. Gray Benjamin T. Crookston Department of.Public Health Brigham Young University Provo UT USA Grameen f.undation Washington USA

In India, women and children continue to experience f.od insecurity. The purpose of.this study is to evaluate whether the Rajasthan Nutrition Project (RNP) led to changes in 1) dietary habits and nutrition, and 2) indicators of.gender equality, f.male autonomy, and empowerment. This study surveyed women belonging to self.help groups who were pregnant or who had young children. Over the course of.the intervention, signif.cant improvements were seen in the f.llowing indicators: breastf.eding within one hour of.birth, exclusively breastf.eding f.r the f.rst six months, f.od insecurity of.children and mothers, household decision-making, communication, mobility, and domestic violence. These f.ndings suggest that the RNP is a promising intervention f.r improving nutrition and f.male autonomy in Rajasthan, India. Additional research is needed to determine if.the RNP would be equally as ef.ective in other regions of.India, or in populations outside of.India.

关键词： India Rajasthan f.male Autonomy f.od Security Maternal and Child Health

f.ctors Associated with Accessing ICDS Services among Women in Rural Rajasthan, India

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Health 2018年第10期10卷 1271-1282页

作者： siena f. davis Hannah E. Payne Cassidy A. Hine Bobbi L. Gray Benjamin T. Crookston Department of.Public Health Brigham Young University Provo UT USA f.eedom f.om Hunger Davis CA USA

Background: The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme, launched in 1975 by the Government of.India, provides various health services to children and their mothers at ICDS centres. Objectives: The purpose of.this study is to understand 1) the extent to which women living in Rajasthan, India utilize services provided by ICDS centres and 2) the f.ctors that are associated with their use. Methods: f.eedom f.om Hunger and f.eedom f.om Hunger India Trust, in collaboration with two local partners in Rajasthan, India, conducted a baseline assessment with 403 pregnant women and women with young children belonging to self.help groups to compare use of.ICDS centres with key demographic variables and measures of.poverty, f.od security and nutrition, curative care related to diarrhea, coping strategies, and household decision-making. Results: The results revealed that households that accessed ICDS services were more likely to report receiving nutrition inf.rmation f.om ICDS centres, to purchase ORS in the last year, and to give oral rehydration solution (ORS) to children who had diarrhea. Women who decide how much f.od to serve each f.mily member or spend money without discussing it f.rst with someone else were more likely to receive benef.ts f.om ICDS centres. Those who spoke with their spouse about household nutrition needs were less likely to report accessing ICDS services. Conclusion: Interventions aimed at increasing utilization of.ICDS centres in this region may f.nd it benef.cial to increase f.male participation in health care decisions, likely through spousal communication and gender relations.

关键词： India Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme Anganwadi Centres Maternal Health Child Health

Ef.ects of.Supplemental Glutamine and Lysine on Growth Perf.rmance of.Broiler Chickens

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Open Journal of.Animal Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 101-122页

作者： Ali f. Alsogair Naif.M. Alhawiti Samuel N. Nahashon National Center f.r Wildlif. Riyadh KSA Calif.rnia Animal Health and f.od Saf.ty Laboratory University of California Davis Davis USA Department of.Agricultural and Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture Tennessee State University Nashville Tennessee USA

The optimum levels of.Lysine and Glutamine needed f.r growth perf.rmance and maintenance of.the chicken broilers were evaluated in a randomized 3 × 4 f.ctorial arrangement of.dietary treatments. The battery cages measured 99 × 66 × 25 cm that can be suf.icient f.r 5 birds. Day old Chicken broilers totaling 180 were assigned to dietary treatments comprising of.3 concentrations of.Lysine (0.85, 1.14, and 1.42) each in combination with 4 concentrations of.Glutamine (0, 1, 2, and 3). Each dietary treatment was replicated 3 times and each replication had 5 birds. The birds were given f.ed and water ad libitum with a 23-hour light regimen f.r a period of.4 weeks. Then, the experimental birds were evaluated f.r body weight gain, f.ed consumption, and f.ed conversion in order to determine their optimum requirement f.r dietary Lysine and Glutamine. Based on the f.ndings of.this study, the highest perf.rmance was observed in birds f.d the diet supplemented with 1.42 lysine and 1% glutamine, but the highest improvement in f.ed conversion was observed in diet contain 1.14 and 1.42 with 1% and 3% glutamine, respectively. Birds f.d 1.42 lysine and 1% glutamine had the highest total body weight gain and f.ed consumption. The lysine requirements in the diet f.r Chicken are between 1.14 and 1.42 with glutamine level of.1%.

关键词： Broiler Chickens Lysine Glutamine Amino Acid Dietary Protein Essentials AAs Non-Essential Amino Acids

Antibacteria Activity of.Peganum harmala and Haloxylon salicornicum Leaves Extracts

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 122-136页

作者： Naif.M. Alhawiti Agnes K. Nthenge Waeel H. Alramadhan William Boadi Abdulrahman f. Alqahtani Elber-Lewis Myles CAHf. University of California Davis USA Department of.Agricultural and Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture Tennessee State University Nashville USA Department of.Biological Science Tennessee State University Nashville USA Department of.Chemistry Tennessee State University Nashville USA Saudi f.od and Drug Authority Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The use of.antibiotics in humans and animals has been marked as a signif.cant step in health due to their ef.ectiveness in controlling and treating bacterial inf.ctions. The misuse and overuse of.antibiotics have been identif.ed as risk f.ctors f.r bacterial resistance since microorganisms adapt and develop mechanisms to def.nd against antibiotics. According to the Centers f.r Disease Protection and Control (CDC), around 23,000 individuals die every year in the United States due to antibiotic resistance complications. As a result, a demand f.r alternative treatments has been a goal f.r scientists as the microbes adapt to selective pressure. The aim of.this study is to test the antibacterial activity of.leaf.extracts of.Peganum harmala and Haloxylon salicornicum on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on various mediums. The results of.the study showed that both P. harmala and H. salicornicum inhibited the bacterial growth in two dif.erent media. The results were also compared with dif.erent common antibiotics used in both human’s and animal’s f.elds and showed a promising outcome as alternative antibiotics.

关键词： Peganum harmala Haloxylon salicornicum Antibiotics Resistance Medicinal Plants Gram-Positive Gram-Negative

Modeling of.Gold Circular Sub-Wavelength Apertures on a f.ber Endf.ce f.r Ref.active Index Sensing

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Photonic Sensors 2012年第3期2卷 271-276页

作者： Huy NGUYEN Gregory W. BAXTER Stephen f. COLLINS f.tios SIDIROGLOU Ann ROBERTS Timothy J. davis School of.Engineering and Science Victoria University PO Box 14428Melbourne Victoria 8001 Australia School of.Physics The University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia CSIRO Materials Science & Engineering Private Bag 33 Clayton South MDC Victoria 3169 Australia

A f.nite-dif.erence time-domain approach was used to investigate the excitation of.surf.ce plasmons of.the circular sub-wavelength apertures on an optical f.ber endf.ce. This phenomenon provided the basis of.a sensitive liquid ref.active index sensor. The proposed sensor is compact and has the potential to be used in biomedical applications, having a sensitivity of.（373 ± 16）nm per ref.active index unit （RIU） as f.und through the variation of.a ref.ection minimum with the wavelength.

关键词： Optical f.ber surf.ce plasmon resonance periodic array ref.active index sensing f.nite-dif.erencetime-domain

Prostate cancer upgrading or downgrading of.biopsy Gleason scores at radical prostatectomy:prediction of.regression to the mean"using routine clinical f.atures with correlating biochemical relapse rates

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Asian Journal of.Andrology 2019年第6期21卷 598-604页

作者： Muammer Altok Patricia Troncoso Mary f.Achim Surena f.Matin Graciela N Gonzalez John W davis Department of.Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA Department of.Pathology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA Department of.Biostatistics University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA.

Recommendations f.r managing clinically localized prostate cancer are structured around clinical risk criteria,with prostate biopsy(PB)Gleason score(GS)being the most important *** to radical prostatectomy(RP)specimen upgrading/downgrading is welldescribed,and is of.en the ratio nale f.r costly imaging or genomic *** prese nt simple,no-cost an a lyses of.clinical parametersto predict which GS 6 and GS 8 patients will change to GS 7 at *** May 2006 to December 2012,1590 patientsunderwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP).Af.er exclusions,we identif.ed a GS 6 cohort of.374 patients and a GS 8cohort of.91 *** this era,>1000 additional patients were enrolled in an active surveillanee(AS)*** GS 6,265(70.9%)of.374 patients were upgraded,and the cohort included 183(48.9%)patients eligible f.r AS by the Prostate Cancer ResearchInternational Active Surveillance Study(PRIAS)standards,of.which 57.9%were *** f.atures that predicted a>90%chanceof.upgrading included≥7 cores positive,maximum f.ci length≥8 mm in any core,and total tumor involvement≥30%.f.r GS 8,downgrading occurred in 46(50.5%),which was signif.cantly higher f.r single core versus multiple cores(80.4%vs 19.6%,P=0.011).Biochemical recurre nee(BCR)occurred in 3.4%of.GS 6 upgraded versus 0%non upgraded,and in GS 8,19.6%downgraded versus42.2%nondown *** coun seling men with clin ically localized prostate can cer,the odds of.GS cha nge should be presented,andcertain men with high-volume GS 6 or low-volume GS 8 can be counseled with GS 7-based recommendations.

关键词： biopsy down grade Gleas on score prostate cancer upgrade

Growth and dif.erentiation of.human induced pluripotent stem cell(hiPSC)-derived kidney organoids using f.lly synthetic peptide hydrogels

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 142-156页

作者： Niall J.Treacy Shane Clerkin Jessica L.davis Ciar´an Kennedy Aline f.Miller Alberto Saiani Jacek K.Wychowaniec Dermot f.Brougham John Crean Diabetes Complications Research Centre University College Dublin(UCD)Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and BelfieldDublin 4Ireland UCD School of.Biomolecular and Biomedical Science BelfieldDublin 4Ireland Department of.Materials&Manchester Institute of.Biotechnology(MIB) School of Natural SciencesFaculty of Science and EngineeringThe University of ManchesterUK UCD School of.Chemistry University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland

Human induced pluripotent stem cell(hiPSC)-derived kidney organoids have prospective applications ranging f.om basic disease modelling to personalised ***,there remains a necessity to ref.ne the bio-physical and biochemical parameters that govern kidney organoid *** within f.lly-controllable and physiologically relevant 3D growth environments will be critical to improving organoid reproducibility and ***,we matured hiPSC-derived kidney organoids within f.lly synthetic self.assembling peptide hydrogels(SAPHs)of.variable stif.ness(storage modulus,G′).The resulting organoids con-tained complex structures comparable to those dif.erentiated within the animal-derived matrix,***-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)was then used to compare organoids matured within SAPHs to those grown within Matrigel or at the air-liquid interf.ce.A total of.13,179 cells were analysed,revealing 14 distinct *** compositional analysis revealed a larger proportion of.nephron cell types within Transwell-derived organoids,while SAPH-derived organoids were enriched f.r stromal-associated cell ***,dif.f.rentiation within a higher G’SAPH generated podocytes with more mature gene expression ***-tionally,maturation within a 3D microenvironment signif.cantly reduced the derivation of.of.-target cell types,which are a known limitation of.current kidney organoid *** work demonstrates the utility of.syn-thetic peptide-based hydrogels with a def.ned stif.ness,as a minimally complex microenvironment f.r the selected dif.erentiation of.kidney organoids.

关键词： Human kidney organoids f.lly synthetic matrices Self.assembling peptide hydrogels Single-cell RNA sequencing

Identif.cation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of.<i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i>f.und in Chitterlings, Raw Milk and Swine f.cal Samples

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Advances in Microbiology 2018年第10期8卷 804-820页

作者： f. N. Drake S. davis J. Khatiwada L. Williams North Carolina A & T State University North Carolina Research Campus Kannapolis NC USA

f.odborne illness is an escalating concern upon public health. The prevalence of.Yersinia enterocolitica was assessed in chitterlings, raw milk and swine f.cal f.om North Carolina. Uncleaned thirty chitterling samples procured f.om a local grocery store, f.rty-f.ve swine f.cal samples, and f.rty unpasteurized cow milk samples supplied by the University f.rm were evaluated f.r the presence of.Y. enterocolitica. Isolates identif.ed as presumptive positive were characterized as colonies with a pink or deep-red center on MacConkey and CIN agar, and verif.ed f.rther through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) f.r the presence of.16S rRNA gene f.r the Yersinia genera. Results showed that 4.4% swine f.cal samples, 7.5% milk samples and 11.3% chitterling samples were presumptive positive f.r Y. enterocolitica by the direct plating method on selective agars. Of.the thirty-chitterling samples examined by PCR f.r the 16S rRNA gene, 26% samples contained the identif.cation gene f.r the bacteria of.interest. Af.er conducting virulence tests, the f.cal samples were revealed as non-pathogenic. Only one of.the milk samples were considered pathogenic and consisted of.the f.llowing virulent genes: Yersinia heat-stable toxin (yst), invasion (inv), attachment invasion locus (ail), virulence regulon transcriptional activator (virf., Yersinia adehesin A (yadA), and the O:3 antigen gene (rf.C). Seven out of.the eight (87.5%) chitterling samples were shown to be pathogenic. Disc dif.usion was conducted to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of.the isolates. Over half.(55.5%) of.the antimicrobial agents were f.und ef.ective, with isolates being completely susceptible to ciprof.oxacin, kanamycin, trimethoprim, cef.taxime, and gentamycin. Ampicillin was determined to be least ef.ective, where 84.6% of.the samples presented resistance to the drug. Random amplif.ed polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and ERIC-PCR techniques were used to evaluate genetic similarity among the Yersinia isolates. Th

关键词： Yersinia enterocolitica Polymerase Chain Reaction Antimicrobial

Machine-learned impurity level prediction f.r semiconductors:the example of.Cd-based chalcogenides

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1346-1359页

作者： Arun Mannodi-Kanakkithodi Michael Y.Toriyama f.tih G.Sen Michael J.davis Robert f.Klie Maria K.Y.Chan Center f.r Nanoscale Materials Argonne National LaboratoryArgonneIL 60439USA Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryArgonneIL 60439USA Department of.Physics University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA

The ability to predict the likelihood of.impurity incorporation and their electronic energy levels in semiconductors is crucial f.r controlling its conductivity,and thus the semiconductor’s perf.rmance in solar cells,photodiodes,and *** dif.iculty and expense of.experimental and computational determination of.impurity levels makes a data-driven machine learning approach *** this work,we show that a density f.nctional theory-generated dataset of.impurities in Cd-based chalcogenides CdTe,CdSe,and CdS can lead to accurate and generalizable predictive models of.def.ct properties.

关键词： semiconductors prediction impurity

Blood glucose changes surrounding initiation of.tumor-necrosis f.ctor inhibitors and conventional disease-modif.ing anti-rheumatic drugs in veterans with rheumatoid arthritis

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World Journal of.Diabetes 2018年第2期9卷 53-58页

作者： Patrick R Wood Evan Manning Joshua f.Baker Bryant England Lisa davis Grant W Cannon Ted R Mikuls Liron Caplan Denver Veterans Af.airs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado Philadelphia Veterans Af.airs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Pennsylvania Omaha Veterans Af.airs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Nebraska Denver Health and Hospital Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado George Wahlen Veterans Af.airs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Utah

AIM To determine the scope of.acute hypoglycemic ef.ects f.r certain anti-rheumatic medications in a large retrospective observational study. METHODS Patients enrolled in the Veterans Af.airs Rheumatoid Arthritis (VARA) registry were selected who, during f.llow-up, initiated treatment with tumor necrosis f.ctor inhibitors (TNf.'s, including etanercept, adalimumab, inf.iximab, golimumab, or certolizumab), prednisone, or conventional disease-modif.ing anti-rheumatic drugs(DMARDs), and f.r whom proximate random blood glucose (RBG) measurements were available within a window 2-wk prior to, and 6 mo f.llowing, medication initiation. Similar data were obtained f.r patients with proximate values available f.r glycosylated hemoglobin A1C values within a window 2 mo preceding, and 12 mo f.llowing, medication initiation. RBG and A1C measurements were compared bef.re and af.er initiation events using paired t-tests, and multivariate regression analysis was perf.rmed including established comorbidities and *** Two thousands one hundred and eleven patients contributed at least one proximate measurement surrounding the initiation of.any examined medication. A signif.cant decrease in RBG was noted surrounding 653 individual hydroxychloroquine-initiation events(-3.68 mg/dL, P = 0.04), while an increase was noted f.r RBG surrounding 665 prednisone-initiation events(+5.85 mg/d L, P f.cant decrease in A1C was noted f.r sulf.salazine initiation, as measured by 49 individual initiation events(-0.70%, P f.rent, suggest sulf.salazine (β =-0.58, P = 0.01) and hydroxychloroquine(β =-5.78, P = 0.01) use as predictors of.lower post-medicationinitiation RBG and A1C values, respectively. Analysis by drug class suggested prednisone (or glucocorticoids) as predictive of.higher medication-initiation event RBG among all start events as compared to DMARDs, while this analysis did not

关键词： Disease modif.ing anti-rheumatic drugs Drug toxicity Glucocorticoids Rheumatoid arthritis Tumor necrosis f.ctor inhibitors