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Results of the Traditional Treatment of Fractures of Patients Discharged against Medical Advice from the Orthopedics Department of the Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital (Burkina Faso)

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第1期12卷 1-9页

作者： Mamoudou Sawadogo Salam Ouedraogo Sayouba Tinto Malick Diallo sibiri abdoul karim bouda Abdourahamane Ouangre Madi Savadogo Department of Orthopedics-Traumatology Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Surgery Department of the Regional Hospital Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Department of Orthopedics-Traumatology Sourou Sanon University Hospital Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Introduction: Binding retains an important place in Africa. Leaving a health facility to see a bonesetter is common there, but a source of complications. The purpose of this work was to analyze the results obtained by bonesetter after discharge against medical advice. Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional study over a period of one year, including all patients admitted for limb fracture, discharged against medical advice for treatment with a bonesetter. Results: Thirty-nine patients were selected. The average age was 36.9 years, and the sex ratio was 5.50. The fractures were open in 35.9%. At a mean follow-up of 19 months, the course was marked by pain in 34.4% and inequality in limb length in 62.5%. Thirteen fractures (40.6%) were consolidated with axis defect, and 11 were without axis defect (34.4%). There were eight non-union (25%), and eleven patients (34.4%) presented with stiffness in one or more joints. Seven patients had died. Discussion: The problem of discharge against medical advice is found in all hospitals but is particularly marked for fractures in our context. The absence of an X-ray and ignorance of the rules of asepsis lead to complications. Only the fractures of the two bones of the leg had progressed well (5/8 good results). The rate of vicious calluses (40.6%) and non-union (25%) is high. Conclusion: Although a few cases have progressed favorably, the results of pat

关键词： Fractures Bonesetter Discharge against Medical Advice

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Effect of Size and Initial Water Content on the Effective Diffusion Coefficient during Convective Drying of Sweet Potato Cut into Cubic and Cylindrical Shapes

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第6期12卷 71-82页

作者： Ibrango abdoul Salam Ouoba Kondia Honoré Bama Désiré Traoré Yssa Zongo karim Ouedraogo Salifou Laboratoire de Matriaux de lHliophysique et Environnement (La.M.H.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences. Exactes et Appliques (UFR/SEA) Universit Nazi BONI de Bobo-Dioulasso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

In this article, we investigated the influence of size and initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient of sweet potatoes samples cut into cubic and cylindrical shapes. The sizes of the cubic samples are 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.5 and 3 cm edge with a respective initial water content of 2.7, 3.76, 3.48, 2.68, 3.28, 2.17 and 2.29 kg/kgms. For cylindrical samples, the radius is set at 0.5 cm and sample heights are 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 cm with respective water contents of 2.2, 3.19, 2.85, 2.1, 2.17, 2.39 and 2.03 kg/kgms. The effective diffusion coefficients of cubic samples are of the order of 10−10 and 10−9 m2∙s−1 grew with sample edge. As for the cylindrical samples, the effective diffusion coefficients were of the order of 10−9 m2∙s−1 and there was no linear correlation between cylinder height and their effective diffusion coefficient. As for the examination of the initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient, it turned out that the initial water content had no influence on the effective diffusion coefficient of the sweet potato samples.

关键词： Effective Diffusion Coefficient Initial Water Content Sweet Potato Cubic Cylindrical

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Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality at Hospital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO): A Study from 2017 to 2020

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 63-77页

作者： Nicaise Zagre Ines Kinda abdoul karim Ouattara Paul Ouedraogo Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Caroline Yonaba Fla Koueta Jacques Simpore Hô pital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Neonatal pathology remains a real public health problem in developing countries. In Burkina Faso, this mortality has declined over the last ten years but remains below compared to the Sustainable Development Goals, which is 12 per 1000 living births at most by 2030. This study aims to identify specific causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality and will contribute to the implementation of preventive and curative measures aimed at reducing neonatal mortality at HOSCO. Method: This was a retrospective study using the records and database of newborns hospitalized from January 1srt, 2017 to December 31srt, 2020. Using logistic regression, the factors associated with mortality were determined. Results: During the study period, 3020 newborns were hospitalized. Most newborns (83.71%) were referred by a peripheral health facility. The average age at admission was 0.3 days ± 0.9 and the sex ratio was 1.2. Prematurity was the leading cause of hospitalization (61.13%) followed by neonatal infection (38.34%) and neonatal suffering (23.88%). The mortality rate was 40.6% with 82.71% cases of death in the early neonatal period. The main causes of death were low birth weight (47.39%), respiratory distress (18.76%), neonatal suffering (17.37%) and neonatal infection (13.87%). Home delivery, gestational age 36 weeks, number of PNC 4, concept of resuscitation, Apgar at the 5th minute 7, birth weight 2000 g and >4000 g, respiratory distress, hypothermia, neurological disorders were factors associated with deaths. Conclusion: Neonatal mortality is influenced by both maternal and fetal factors and many of them are preventable.

关键词： Morbidity Mortality Newborns Neonatology HOSCO

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APOBEC3G Role on HIV Infection in Africa: A Systematic Review

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第1期14卷 25-42页

作者： Tegwinde Rebeca Compaore abdoul karim Ouattara Adama Baguiya Lassina Traore Abdou Azaque Zoure Henri Gautier Ouedraogo Seni Kouanda Jacques Simpore Biomedical and Public Health Department Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS)/CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie et de Génétique Moléculaire (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Norbert Zongo (UNZ) Centre Universitaire de Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso

The highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) has allowed people living with HIV to live longer with a better quality of life. However, toxicity and the emergence of drug resistance arise from HAART use. Therefore, new antiretroviral therapy is needed since no cure or vaccine is available against HIV. Virus-host interaction has been proven to be important in the last decade. Host factors such as the C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), a receptor used by HIV to penetrate host cells, have led to the discovery of the Maraviroc, which is an antiretroviral medication used in the United States. In contrast, other factors like C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) and the Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G), a potent host defense factor against HIV, is under investigation. APOBEC3G antiviral activity remains a possible therapeutic target against HIV. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the role of APOBEC3G polymorphisms and their expression on HIV infection disease progression in Africa. We used Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar and searched for relevant publications in French or English reporting on APOBEC3G polymorphisms association with HIV infection in African populations from January 2009 to May 2023. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyzes) was used to process for reporting systematic review. Fifteen studies were included, of which seven were on APOBEC3G polymorphisms and eight were on APOBEC3G expression. Among the APOBEC3G polymorphisms, the most studied was H186R or rs8177832. The average of the minor allele frequency of H186R of APOBEC3G available for the studies included in this study was 0.29 with a 95% CI (0.172;0.401) and varied from 0.108 reported in Uganda to 0.47 recorded from Burkina Faso. The polymorphism H186R was not associated with HIV status in Southern Africa. However, the referent allele of H186R was protectiv

关键词： APOBEC3G HIV Genetic Variation Therapeutic Target African Populations

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Management of Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia (AML) Treated with Intensive Chemotherapy: Experience in a Single Centre

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 401-411页

作者： abdoul karim Doumbia Hawa Konaré Tati Simaga Pierre Togo Oumoulkairi Nana Kouma Hawa Gouro Diall Oumar Coulibaly Adama Dembélé Mohamed Elmouloud Cissé Karamoko Sacko Belco Maiga Aminata Doumbia Kalirou Traoré Ibrahima Cissé Boury Traoré abdoul Aziz Diakité Fousseyni Traoré Boubacar Togo Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali

Introduction: Acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) is a haematological malignancy with a poor prognosis, despite significant therapeutic progress. This study presents the results of AML management in Mali according to GFAOP recommendations. Methodology: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study. It included patients aged 0 - 15 years treated in the paediatric oncology unit for AML and followed up between January 2016 and December 2020. Results: During the study period, 85 cases of acute leukaemia were diagnosed in the paediatric oncology unit (including 51 cases of ALL), of which 34 cases of AML were included in this study. The majority were boys (59%). The mean age was 8 years, with extremes of 18 months and 15 years. The mean time to diagnosis was 68 days. In 79% of cases, patients were referred by 1st or 2nd level hospitals. Anaemia was observed in 91% of cases, an infectious syndrome in 68%, haemorrhage in 56% and a tumour syndrome in 85%. The haemogram showed hyperleukocytosis in 15% of cases, thrombocytosis in 22% and severe anaemia in 73%. Death occurred in 85% of cases, most often in the context of sepsis or haemorrhage. Conclusion: AML is probably underestimated in Mali and diagnosis delayed, which may be explained by patient-related factors (lack of knowledge, financial constraints) and a cumbersome referral system. These results suggest the need to implement an appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategy, with strong involvement of the political authorities.

关键词： Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia Children Mali

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Evaluation of Surgical Treatment of Distal Humeral Fractures in Adults

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第7期14卷 287-294页

作者： abdoulaye Camara Karinka Kéita Mamady Doukouré abdoul karim Baldé Léopold Lamah Fatoumata Camara Alpha Mamadou Felah Diallo Ibrahima Marie Camara Mamadou Madiou Diallo Mamadou Cellou Diallo Donka University Hospital Center Conakry Republic of Guinea Ignace Deen University Hospital Center Conakry Republic of Guinea

Introduction: Fractures of the distal end of the humerus are becoming increasingly frequent in young subjects because of the increase in road traffic accidents, and in elderly subjects because of osteoporosis related to aging populations. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective, monocentric study from January 2018 to December 2020 involving 14 patients who received and were treated surgically for distal humeral fractures and followed up. Results: We collected 14 patients, including 11 men (78.57%) and 3 women (21.43%), with a sex ratio of 3.7. The mean age was 36.41 years. The circumstances of onset were dominated by road traffic accidents, with 12 cases (85.71%). The dominant side was right-handed, with 11 cases (78.57%). Standard elbow radiography revealed 8 cases of type A fractures (57.14%), 4 cases of type B and 2 cases of type C fractures of the AO. We performed Lecestre plate osteosynthesis in 12 patients and external fixator in 2 others, using the trans-olecranial and transtricipital approaches. Elbow stiffness was the most frequent complication, with 6 cases (42.86%). After six months’ follow-up, our results were excellent and good in 78.57% of cases (MEPS). Conclusion: Surgical treatment with posterior approaches enabled us to achieve restitution of the articular surfaces, solid restraint and early mobilization of the elbow with satisfactory functional results.

关键词： Fracture Distal Humerus Lecestre Plate External Fixator Trans-Olecranial Transtricipital

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State of the HIV, Hepatitis B and C Virus Pandemic from 2003 to 2022 in Burkina Faso: Evolution of Prevalence Trends and Strategic Recommendations to Achieve the WHO’s Goal for Their Eradication by 2030

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 628-643页

作者： Abdou Azaque Zouré Christelle Nadembega Djénéba Ouermi abdoul karim Ouattara Lassina Traoré Adama Tiemtoré Olivier Sawadogo Théodora M. Zohoncon Florencia W. Djigma Jacques Simpore Cerba-Labiogene Group Centre de Recherche Biomolculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Molculaire et de Gntique (LABIOGENE) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS/CNRST) Ouaga Burkina Faso Department of Biomedical Hpital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Biology Universit Norbert Zongo/Centre Universitaire de Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso Department of Mathematic Universit de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Faculty of Medicine University Saint Thomas dAquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal to eradicate or at least significantly reduce the prevalence the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) by 2030. The main objective was to provide an evolving overview of the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV infection between 2003 and 2022 in Burkina Faso. Methods: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on data from 2003 to 2022. The data were collected using information available in the databases of the HOSCO and CERBA laboratories and included all individuals who underwent HIV and/or HBV and/or HCV testing. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0, EpiInfo 7, and R version 4.1.0. Results were considered statistically significant if p Results: The study recorded 7432 samples and the mean age of the subjects was 27.98 ± 8.50 years. During this period, the respective prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV were 4.66% (346/7432), 8.77% (582/6636) and 5.54% (322/5816). However, from 2003 to 2022, there was a significant decrease (P y=−1.75x+12.59;y=−0.24x+10.01and y=−0.11x+6.02, with “y” corresponding to prevalence and “x” to the years. Conclusion: Burkina Faso needs to rigorously apply prevention and control strategies recommended by the WHO by 2030.

关键词： HIV Viral Hepatitis B and C WHO’s 2030 Goal Burkina Faso

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Multidrug-Resistant of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Strains in Chicken Feces Intended for Consumption in Open Spaces of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第4期14卷 881-892页

作者： Stéphanie Lynseh Carine Sita Bénao Dabiré Amana Métuor abdoul karim Ouattara Rahimatou Yasmine Wendkouni Tiemtoré Nicolas Ouédraogo Blandine Ouédraogo Rhaina Olivia Badini Lionel Eliada Benoit Bambara Serge Sougué Jacques Simporé Biomolecular and Genetic Laboratory (LABIOGENE) Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA) Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology University of D&#233dougou D&#233dougou Burkina Faso National Malaria Research and Training Centre (CNRFP) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Resistant bacteria can be transmitted to humans through feces or contaminated meat from local chickens. Bacterial strains were isolated from the intestinal contents of 400 local chicken samples from various sales sites. These strains were then characterized using bacteriological and biochemical methods to identify resistant strains. In a study conducted in Ouagadougou, we systematically collected chicken fecal samples from 20 locations across the city, followed by isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. using specific enrichment and culture methods, as well as Escherichia coli. Bacterial strains were characterized using antibiotic resistance profiles were determined through agar diffusion tests, revealing sensitivity or resistance to a range of antibiotics based on established scientific criteria. The results showed that out of the 400 samples collected, 81.25% and 63.5% were contaminated by Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., respectively. Among these, 86.15% of identified Escherichia coli and 50.78% of Salmonella spp. displayed resistance to at least one tested antibiotic. Among 280 Escherichia coli isolates identified resistant to at least one antibiotic, 31.07% were resistant to cefotaxime (CTX), 20.35% to ceftazidime (CAZ), 21.07% to ceftriaxone (CTR), 75% to amoxicillin clavulanic acid (AMC), 23.57% aztreoname (ATM) and 27.14% were resistant to imipenem (IMP). In the case of the 129 Salmonella spp. isolates resistant to at least one tested antibiotic, 34.88% were resistant to CTX;41.08% to CAZ;35.65% to CTR, 92% to AMC, 39.53% to ATM and finally 47.28% were resistant to IMP. Our study revealed high prevalence of resistance in bacterial strains isolated from local chickens sold outdoors in Ouagadougou. These findings raise significant public health concerns, due to the possible transmission of these resistant strains to humans through the consumption of contaminated meat, thus complicating the treatment of bacterial infections.

关键词： Multidrug-Resistant Chicken Ouagadougou Escherichia coli Salmonella spp. Antibiotic

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Digestive Surgical Emergencies at the “Mother Child”Hospital Center Luxembourg in Mali

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Surgical Science 2024年第5期15卷 299-310页

作者： Cheickna Tounkara Amara Coulibaly Yaya Ongoiba Aboubakrine Sylla abdoul karim Simaga Bréhima B. Coulibaly Aminata Dabo Souleymane Dembele Samake Hamidou Sidiki Keita Sékou Bréhima Koumare Soumaïla Keita Bakary Tientigui Dembele Zimogo Zié Sanogo Djibril Sangare Department of General Surgery and Anesthesia-Resuscitation of the “ Mother Child&#8221 Hospital Center Luxembourg Bamako Mali Social Health Service of the Armed Forces of Mali Bamako Mali Department of General Surgery “ A&#8221 and Cardiovascular of Point G University Hospital Bamako Mali Department of General Surgery of CHU Gabriel TOURE Bamako Mali

Digestive surgical emergencies concern all patients admitted urgently, for whom a decision for surgical intervention may be necessary within 24 hours. They are on guard duty day and night. To carry out this work, we set ourselves the objectives of: 1) Studying digestive surgical emergencies in the general surgery department of the “Mother Child” Le Luxembourg hospital in Bamako, Mali;2) Determine the frequency of digestive surgical emergencies, 3) Describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects, and 4) Analyze the results of treatment. From November 1, 2022 to October 31, 2023, the general surgery department of the “Mother Child” Luxembourg Hospital Center in Bamako, Mali, carried out 139 digestive surgical emergencies whose files were usable;75 men and 64 women, a sex ratio of 1.2. The 20 - 40 years old age group was the most represented, at 40.29%. The average age was 39 years;the extremes 16 years and 93 years with a standard deviation of 21.65 years. The reference concerned 51.08% of our patients. Abdominal pain was the main reason for consultation (100% of cases). In the majority of cases, the physical examination made it possible to make the diagnosis. Faced with certain clinical cases, we requested ultrasound (109/139), ASP (46/139) and CT (15/139). The main etiology was acute appendicitis with 42.45% of cases. The frequency of digestive surgical emergencies was 10.71% of all activities in the general surgery department of the “Mère Enfant” Le Luxembourg hospital center in Bamako. All our patients were seen in consultation by an anesthesiologist before entering the operating room. The surgical consequences were complicated in 11.51% of cases with 7.91% deaths. Surgical site infections accounted for 12.5% of postoperative complications. Eleven deaths were noted, representing 68.75% of complications and 7.91% of our sample. Acute peritonitis was the cause of death in 100% of cases. The average cost of care was 329,000 FCFA.

关键词： Emergency Digestive Surgery Post-Operative Complication

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Evaluation of Antibiotic Prescribing in the Pediatric Department of Gabriel TouréTeaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 645-656页

作者： Pierre Togo Hawa Konaré Mariam Maïga Karamoko Sacko Djénéba Konaté abdoul karim Doumbia Adama Dembélé Oumar Coulibaly Aminata Sangaré Mohamed Elmouloud Cissé Fousseyni Traoré Belco Maïga Ibrahim Ahamadou Aminata Doumbia Lala N’Drany Sidibé Amadou Touré Yacouba Aba Coulibaly Kalirou Traoré Tati Simaga Souleymane Sagara Leyla Bagna Maïga Bory Traoré abdoul Aziz Diakité Fatoumata Dicko Mariam Sylla Sounkalo Dao Boubacar Togo Paediatric Department Gabriel Tour&#233 Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali Pediatric Department Distric VI Reference Health Center Bamako Mali Infectious Diseases Department Point G Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali

Objectives: The main objective was to evaluate antibiotic prescribing in the Department of Pediatrics at Gabriel Touré teaching hospital. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted from September 1 to November 31, 2018, in the Department of Pediatrics at Gabriel Touré teaching hospital. All children aged 0 to 15 years hospitalized for any pathology during the study period and having received at least one antibiotic had been included. Results: We collected 445 children’s records out of 1032 admissions during the study period, representing a hospital frequency of 43.1%. The sex ratio was 1.3%. The 2 - 5 age group accounted for 48.1%. Fever was the reason for consultation in 45.6% of cases. Patients’ general condition was altered in 60% of cases. The fathers were blue-collar workers in 65.4% and the mothers housewives in 85%, and had no education in 42.9% and 64.5% respectively. Hepatomegaly was present in 18.2%, splenomegaly in 9.6% and peripheral adenopathy in 3.1%. The site of infection was pulmonary in 37.6% and ENT in 9.2%. Bacterial infection was assumed on admission in 54% of cases, and meningitis in 57.7%. The discharge diagnosis was malaria in 54.6%, severe acute malnutrition in 18.6% and meningitis in 6.7%. The death rate was 3.8%. Neutrophilic leukocytosis was present in 47.3% of patients. CRP was positive in 85% of patients. Blood cultures taken in 27.6% of patients were positive in 5. CSF analysis in 30% of patients showed elevated leukocytes in 6.5%. No cultures were positive. Antibiotic prescription was justified by infectious hypotheses in 43.1% of patients. β-lactam antibiotics were prescribed in 98.6%. Antibiotic therapy was not adapted to national/international recommendations in 68.3% of cases, and was not justified in 16.3% of cases on D5 of hospitalization. Conclusion: Antibiotic use was justified in more than half of patients, but remained inadequate in almost two-thirds of cases, in line with national and international recommend

关键词： Antibiotic Prescription Hospitalization Child

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