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Study of the impacts of upstream natural gas market reform in China on infrastructure deployment and social welfare using an SVM-based rolling horizon stochastic game analysis

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Petroleum Science 2018年第4期15卷 898-911页

作者： Yan Li Ge Wang Benjamin Mclellan si-yuan chen Qi Zhang Academy of Chinese Energy Strategy China University of Petroleum at Beijing Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University

Natural gas is expected to play a much more important role in China in future decades, and market reform is crucial for its rapid market penetration. At present, the main gas fields, pipelines and liquefied natural gas(LNG) infrastructure are mainly monopolized by large state-owned companies, and one of the important market reform policies is to open up LNG import rights to smaller private companies and traders. Therefore, in the present study, a game theoretical model is proposed to analyze and compare the impacts of different market structures on infrastructure deployment and social welfare. Moreover, a support vector machine-based rolling horizon stochastic method is adopted in the model to simulate real LNG price fluctuations. Four market reform scenarios are proposed considering different policies such as business separation, third-party access(TPA) and their combinations. The results indicate that, with third-party access(TPA)entrance into the LNG market, the construction of LNG infrastructure will be promoted and more gas will be provided at lower prices, and thus the total social welfare will be improved greatly.

关键词： LNG market reform Market structure Third-party access Rolling horizon stochastic method Game theory

Review on the challenges and strategies in oil and gas industry's transition towards carbon neutrality in China

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Petroleum Science 2023年第6期20卷 3931-3944页

作者： Qi Zhang Jiang-Feng Liu Zhi-Hui Gao si-yuan chen Bo-Yu Liu School of Business Administration China University of Petroleum(Beijing)at KaramayKaramay834000XinjiangChina School of Economics and Management China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China Tianshan Research Institute Karamay834000XinjiangChina School of Economics and Management North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

In light of carbon-neutral pledge, the oil and gas industry has been facing several critical new challenges in China. The current status and new challenges in terms of market mechanism reform, supply-consumption balance and key technology innovation in China's oil and gas industry are reviewed in the present study, and new strategies and roadmaps are proposed to cope with the challenges. The study found that (i) the oil and gas market faces challenges such as incomplete pricing mechanisms, unclear subject rights, and the lack of recognition and trading of carbon assets. (ii) the trade-off between short-term supply security and long-term low-carbon supply is the most critical issue. (iii) in addition to typical challenges such as immature technology and lack of funding support, the unclear multiple technology coupling development mode also poses problems for the low-carbon transformation of the oil and gas industry. To address these new challenges, comprehensive strategies and roadmaps for China's oil and gas industry towards carbon neutrality are proposed and discussed in the aspects of participating in market transactions, restructuring production and consumption, deploying key technology innovations, and planning enterprise strategies. The present study is expected to provide a blueprint for the future development of China's oil and gas industry towards carbon neutrality.

关键词： China's oil and gas industry Carbon neutrality Challenges and strategies

A scenario analysis of oil and gas consumption in China to 2030 considering the peak CO_2 emission constraint

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Petroleum Science 2016年第2期13卷 370-383页

作者： Xi Yang Hong Wan Qi Zhang Jing-cheng Zhou si-yuan chen Academy of Chinese Energy Strategy China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Changping Policy Research Office China National Petroleum Corporation

China is now beginning its 13th five-year guideline. As the top CO2 emitter, China has recently submitted the intended nationally determined contributions and made the commitment to start reducing its total carbon emissions in or before 2030. In this study, a bottom-up energy system model is built and applied to analyze the energy （mainly coal, oil, and gas） consumption and carbon emissions in China up to 2030. The results show that, the total energy consumption will reach a peak of 58.1 billion tonnes of standard coal and the CO2 emissions will get to 105.8 billion tonnes. Moreover, in the mitigation scenario, proportion of natural gas consumption will increase by 7 % in 2020 and 10 % in 2030, respectively. In the trans- portation sector, gasoline and diesel consumption will gradually decrease, while the consumption of natural gas in 2030 will increase by 2.7 times compared to the reference scenario. Moreover, with the promotion of electric cars, the transport electricity consumption will increase 3.1 times in 2030 compared to the reference scenario. In order to fulfill the emission peaking target, efforts should be made from both the final demand sectors and oil and gas production industries, to help adjust the energy structure and ensure the oil and gas supply in future.

关键词： Energy systemconsumption China-ESPTTransportation sectorplanning Oil and gasmodel Carbon mitigation

Cloning and Characterization of Putative Hd6 Ortholog Associated with Zea mays L. Photoperiod Sensitivity

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第1期10卷 18-27页

作者： KU Li-xia LI si-yuan chen Xiao WU Lian-cheng WANG Xin-tao chen Yan-hui College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 P.R.China

The photoperiod response of lowering is critical to the survival and successful reproduction in crops. The Hd6 gene, encoding a protein similar to the Arabidopsis α-subunit of CASEIN KINASE2α （CK2α） has been reported to affect flowering time through the photoperiodic pathway in rice. In this study, the maize ortholog, ZmHd6, has been cloned and its role in the photoperiodic pathway was investigated. ZmHd6 encodes 332 amino acids with six distinct domains： two CK2 active domains, a nuclear localization signal sequence, a N terminal domain, an ATP binding site, and an active site of serine/threonine protein kinase. ZmHd6 was constitutively expressed in the leaves and shoot apical meristem （SAM） with the highest expression in SAMs of plants with seven leaves under long and short day conditions. Delayed flowering time under long day （LD） conditions were observed in ZmHd6 overexpression transgenic Arabidopsis plants compared to the wild type. In transgenic Arabidopsis plants, ZmHd6 was expressed in a circadian oscillatory pattern, TOC1 peak expression was delayed, new GI, CO, and FT expressions reached to peak after 3 h while entering illumination period and oscillatory expression patterns of CO and FT were created during the dark phase. These results suggested that ZmHd6 might negatively regulate flowering time under LD conditions by delaying TOC1 peak expression and disrupting CO and FT expression in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.

关键词： maize (Zea mays L.) ZmHd6 photoperiod response expression

Production induced fracture closure of deep shale gas well under thermo-hydro-mechanical conditions

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1796-1813页

作者： Shi-Ming Wei Yang Xia Yan Jin Xu-Yang Guo Jing-Yu Zi Kai-Xuan Qiu si-yuan chen College of Science China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China CNOOC Research Institute Ltd Beijing100028China The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong999077China

Deep shale gas reservoirs have geological characteristics of high temperature,high pressure,high stress,and inferior ability to pass through *** multi-stage fractured horizontal well is the key to exploiting the deep shale gas ***,during the production process,the effectiveness of the hydraulic fracture network decreases with the closure of fractures,which accelerates the decline of shale gas *** this paper,we addressed the problems of unclear fracture closure mechanisms and low accuracy of shale gas production prediction during deep shale gas *** we established the fluid—solid—heat coupled model coupling the deformation and fluid flow among the fracture surface,proppant and the shale *** the fluid—solid—heat coupled model was applied to the fracture network,it was well solved by our numerical method named discontinuous discrete fracture *** with the conventional discrete fracture method,the discontinuous discrete fracture method can describe the three-dimensional morphology of the fracture while considering the effect of the change of fracture surface permeation coefficient on the coupled fracture—matrix flow and describing the displacement discontinuity across the *** simulations revealed that the degree of fracture closure increases as the production time proceeds,and the degree of closure of the secondary fractures is higher than that of the primary *** creep and proppant embedment both increase the degree of fracture *** reduction in fracture surface permeability due to proppant embedment reduces the rate of fluid transfer between matrix and fracture,which has often been overlooked in the ***,it significantly impacts shale gas production,with calculations showing a 24.7%cumulative three-year yield *** study is helpful to understand the mechanism of hydraulic fracture ***,it provides the theoretical guidance for maintaining the long

关键词： Shalegas Fracture closure Fluid-solid-heat coupling Discontinuous discrete fracture

Shaly detritus embedded epoxy-resin coated proppants

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Petroleum Science 2022年第4期19卷 1735-1744页

作者： Zhao-Hui Lu Xiu-Ping Lan Yong yuan Jian-Kun Zhou si-yuan chen Fan Fan Ying-Chun Niu Shou-Zhen Li Kai-Yi Hu Yang Zhou Quan Xu Key Laboratory of Shale Gas Exploration Ministry of Natural ResourcesChongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral ResourcesChongqing401120China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting Bejing Key Laboratory of Biogas Upgrading UtlizationHarvard SEAS-CUPB Joint Laboratory on Petroleum ScienceChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China

Proppant plays a significant role in the hydraulic fracturing process, which can affect the production of oil and gas wells. Due to the high density and low adhesion force, the settling speed of traditional proppants is fast, which will lead to the blockage of a crack channel. In this study, a proppant with double layer structure is fabricated by coating epoxy-resin and shaly detritus on ceramic proppants for the first time,respectively. The epoxy-resin enables the shaly detritus to be coated on the proppant successfully, which can provide a new method for shaly detritus treatment. The adhesive ability of shaly detritus and epoxyresin coated proppants(SEPs) is improved by 10.4% under the load force of 500 n N, which prolongs the time for the fracture to close. At the same time, the suspending ability of SEPs is two times higher than the uncoated proppants. Once the guar gum solution concentration is 0.3 wt%, the settling time of SEPs is36.7% longer than that of the uncoated proppants, which can effectively reduce the settlement of proppants in the crack. In addition, the hydrophobicity of the SEPs is enhanced, which reduces the wateroil ratio of crude oil and increases the liquid conductivity tested by deionized water. In summary, this new proppant is expected to promote the development of unconventional oil and gas resources.

关键词： Coated proppant Shaly detritus Hydrophobicity Conductivity

Effects of aspirin on fracture healing in OPF rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第10期7卷 801-805页

作者： Jin-Song Wei Rong Zeng si-yuan chen Hao Lin Shao-Ke Wu Jin-Chang Zheng Department of Orthopaedics Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Hospital

Objective:To study the effect of aspirin on healing process of osteoporotic fracture(OPF)in ***:A total of 50 female Wistar rata aged 3 months were randomly divided into observation group and control group,castration method was adopted to establish the osteoporosis(OP)*** artificial preparing fractures on the midpoint of left femur,fixing gram needle *** modeling was *** lavage of 33 mg once a day was adoptde in observation group after modeling,same amount of normal saline was used in the control as *** eash group,selected 5 rats at the 2nd.4th,8th and 12th week after modeling to measure the bone mineral density(BMD)and histogical examination of the fracture callus,radiology observation was conducted at the 8th and 12th *** femur biomechanical measurement was taken at the 12th ***:BMD values of observation group at each time point were significantly higher than that of the control group after modeling(Psification process of observation group was faster than that of observation group,with fuzzy fracture line in observation group and clear fracture line in observtion group;at the 12th week,fracture line disappeared in observation group,fracture line of the control group was fuzzy at the same time;three-point bending load of the left femur in observation group rats was significantly higher than that of control group after12 weeka(Psions:Asporin can accelerate the healing of new callus in OPF rats,increase bone density and biomechanics strength,and promote fracture of osteporotic rats.

关键词： Aspirin Osteoporosis Fracture Healing

Data-Driven Exploration of Polymer Processing Effects on the Mechanical Properties in Carbon Black-Reinforced Rubber Composites

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第12期42卷 2038-2047,I0013页

作者： Zi-Long Wan Wan-chen Zhao Hao-Ke Qiu Shu-Shuai Zhou si-yuan chen Cui-Liu Fu Xue-Yang Feng Li-Jia Pan Ke Wang Tian-cheng He Yu-Ge Wang Zhao-Yan Sun State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry&Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun130012China Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters College of Physical Science and TechnologyYili Normal UniversityYining835000China

The performance and corresponding applications of polymer nanocomposites are highly dominated by the choice of base material,type of fillers,and the processing *** black-filled rubber composites(CRC)exemplify this,playing a crucial role in various ***,due to the complex interplay between these factors and the resulting properties,a simple yet accurate model to predict the mechanical properties of CRC,considering different rubbers,fillers,and processing techniques,is highly *** study aims to predict the dispersion of fillers in CRC and forecast the resultant mechanical properties of CRC by leveraging machine *** selected various rubbers and carbon black fillers,conducted mixing and vulcanizing,and subsequently measured filler dispersion and tensile *** on 215 experimental data points,we evaluated the performance of different machine learning *** findings indicate that the manually designed deep neural network(DNN)models achieved superior results,exhibiting the highest coefficient of determination(R^(2))values(>0.95).Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)analysis of the DNN models revealed the intricate relationship between the properties of CRC and process ***,based on the robust predictive capabilities of the DNN models,we can recommend or optimize CRC fabrication *** work provides valuable insights for employing machine learning in predicting polymer composite material properties and optimizing the fabrication of high-performance CRC.

关键词： Polymer-matrix composites Mechanical properties Process modeling Machine learning

Increased Cthrcl Activates Normal Fibroblasts and Suppresses Keloid Fibroblasts by Inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signal Pathway and Modulating YAP Subcellular Location

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Current Medical Science 2018年第5期38卷 894-902页

作者： Meng-jie ZHAO si-yuan chen Xiao-ying QU Bilal Abdul-fattah Ting LAI Meng XIE Shi-di WU You-wen ZHOU Chang-zheng HUANG Department of Dermatology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Department of Dermatology the 457th Airforce HospitalWuhan 430015China Department of Dermatology and Skin Science Vancouver Coastal Health Research InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V5Z 1L8Canada

Keloid may induce severe impairment of life quality for the patients,although keloid is a cutaneous benign *** triple helix repeat containing protein 1 (Cthrc1) was identified as a novel gene that was originally found in adventitial fibroblasts after arterial *** address the role of Cthrcl in keloid,the expression level of Cthrcl was assessed in normal skin and keloid tissue,as well as in normal fibroblasts (NFs)and keloid fibroblasts (KFs)by using quantitative PCR,Western blotting and immunohistochemical *** results showed that Cthrcl was increased in keloid tissue and KFs as compared with normal skin and ***,CCK8 and Transwell assays found the cellular proliferation and migration of KFs were increased as compared with ***,to verify the function of Cthrcl in NFs and ***,we increased Cthrcl expression by transfecting lentivirns (LV) vectors *** cellular proliferation and migration,collagen synthesis and the influence on TGF-β and YAP signaling were *** cellular proliferation and migration were increased in NFs-Cthrcl as compared with ***,YAP expression and nuclear-location was increased in *** the contrary,when Cthrcl was overexpressed in KFs,the cellular migration was suppressed and YAP expression was reduced and transferred to cytoplasm in KFs-Cthrcl as compared with *** the expression level of collagen I was decreased and pSmad2/3 nucleus transfer was suppressed in both NFs-Cthrc1 and KFs-Cthrc1 by using Western blotting and *** Cthrcl activated NFs by promoting YAP nucleus translocation,whereas suppressed KFs by inhibiting YAP nucleus *** Cthrcl decreased collagen I in both NFs and KFs by inhibiting TGF-β/Smad *** conclusion,Cthrcl may play a role in the pathogenesis of keloid by inhibiting collagen synthesis and fibroblasts migration via suppressing TGF-β/Smad pathway and YAP nucleus translocation.

关键词： keloid Collagen triple helix repeat containing protein 1 TGF-β YAP