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Development of diabetic complications and influencing factors among 32653 type 2 diabetes patients:retrospective cohort study using a multi-state Markov

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Medical Data Mining 2024年第2期7卷 1-8页

作者： Shu-Yuan Shi Hou-Yu Zhao Zhi-Ke Liu Ruo-Gu Meng Peng Shen si-yan zhan Hong-Bo Lin Feng Sun Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China China Rehabilitation Science Institute Center for Prevention and Control of Disability of China Disabled Persons FederationBeijing 100068China National Institute of Health Data Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Yinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Ningbo 315100China

Background:Patients with type 2 diabetes are at high risk for developing multiple chronic ***,there is a lack of studies of the cumulative number of diabetic complications in ***:A retrospective cohort study was performed from 2009 to *** 2 diabetes patients who were first diagnosed after the age of 35 years between January 1,2009,and December 31,2017,were *** states were defined according to the number of chronic complications:no(S0),one(S1),two(S2),three(S3),and four or more complications(S4).A multi-state Markov model was constructed to estimate transition probability,transition intensity,mean sojourn time,and the possible factors for each ***:The study included 32653 type 2 diabetes patients(mean age,59.59 years;15929(48.8%)male),and mean follow-up time of 7.75 *** all,4375 transitions were *** 12-year transition probability of from state S0 to S1 was the lowest at 16.4%,while that from S2 to S3 was the highest,at 45.6%.Higher fasting blood glucose,lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,higher total cholesterol,and an unhealthy diet were associated with higher risk of progression from S0 to *** female,less than 60 years old,weekly physical activity,and vegetarian diet decreased this *** female and less than 60 years old reduced the likelihood of transition from S1 to S2,whereas lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased this ***:Following the occurrence of two complications in type 2 diabetes patients,the risk for accumulating a third complication within a short time is significantly *** is important to take advantage of the stable window period when patients have fewer than two complications,strengthen the monitoring of blood glucose and blood lipids,and encourage patients to maintain good living habits to prevent further deterioration.

关键词： multi-state Markov model transition probability type 2 diabetes diabetic chronic complications

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Comparative effectiveness and safety of 32 pharmacological interventions recommended by guidelines for coronavirus disease 2019:a systematic review and network meta-analysis combining 66 trials

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第16期134卷 1920-1929页

作者： Shan-Shan Wu Qing-Xin Zhou Xue-yang Zeng Jing-Xue zhang Zhi-Rong yang Qing-Qing yang Zi-Lu zhang Ya-Hong Chen Feng Sun si-yan zhan Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CentreBeijing 100191China Department of Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China Primary Care Unit Department of Public Health and Primary CareSchool of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB18RNUK Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4K1Canada Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China.

Background:The global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has become a major public health problem and presents an unprecedented ***,no specific drugs were currently *** study aimed to evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions in patients with ***:Medline,Embase,the Cochrane Library,and *** were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)/***-effects network metaanalysis within the Bayesian framework was performed,followed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation system assessing the quality of *** primary outcome of interest includes mortality,cure,viral negative conversion,and overall adverse events(OAEs).Odds ratio(OR)with 95%confidence interval(CI)was calculated as the measure of effect ***:sixty-six RCTs with 19,095 patients were included,involving standard of care(SOC),eight different antiviral agents,six different antibiotics,high and low dose chloroquine(CQ_HD,CQ_LD),traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),corticosteroids(COR),and other *** with SOC,a significant reduction of mortality was observed for TCM(OR=0.34,95%CI:0.20–0.56,moderate quality)and COR(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.75–0.96,low quality)with improved cure rate(OR=2.16,95%CI:1.60–2.91,low quality for TCM;OR=1.17,95%CI:1.05–1.30,low quality for COR).However,an increased risk of mortality was found for CQ_HD ***(OR=3.20,95%CI:1.18–8.73,low quality).TCM was associated with decreased risk of OAE(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.38–0.70,very low quality)but CQ_HD(OR=2.51,95%CI:1.20–5.24)and interferons(IFN)(OR=2.69,95%CI:1.02–7.08)*** with very low quality were associated with an increased ***:COR and TCM may reduce mortality and increase cure rate with no increased risk of OAEs compared with standard ***_HD might increase the risk of ***,IFN,and o

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Pharmacological intervention Network meta-analysis Effectiveness Safety

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Regulation of Tumor Microenvironment Under Malignant Conditions:Application of nMOFs in Sonodynamic Therapy

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第4期40卷 611-626页

作者： yanG Yilin yan Fei SHI zhan State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P.R.China

In this review,we delve into the intricate regulation of the tumor microenvironment(TME)under malignant conditions and explore the transformative potential of nanoscale metal-organic frameworks(nMOFs)in the realm of sonodynamic therapy(SDT).The TME serves as a dynamic milieu influencing tumor progression and therapeutic response,presenting formidable challenges,such as hypoxia,acidity,excess hydrogen peroxide,high expression of glutathione,and *** the exceptional attributes of nMOFs,including their tunable structures and biocompatibility,holds immense promise for enhancing SDT efficacy and reshaping the TME *** integrating nMOFs with SDT,researchers aim to assemble multiple functionalities in a single platform that enhance tumor cell eradication while counteracting unfavorable TME conditions and immune *** potential of nMOFs to revolutionize tumor therapies by precisely targeting TME and overcoming therapeutic barriers is underscored by an in-depth analysis of recent breakthroughs in the use of nMOFs-based sonosensitizers to remodulate TME to amplify the efficacy of SDT.

关键词： Sonodynamic therapy Metal-organic framework Tumor microenvironment Modification of sonosensitizer

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Engineering the future cereal crops with big biological data:toward intelligence-driven breeding by design

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第8期51卷 781-789页

作者： Lei Liu Jimin zhan Jianbing yan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China

How to feed 10 billion human populations is one of the challenges that need to be addressed in the following decades,especially under an unpredicted climate *** breeding,initiating from the phenotype-based selection by local farmers and developing into current biotechnology-based breeding,has played a critical role in securing the global food ***,regarding the changing environment and ever-increasing human population,can we breed outstanding crop varieties fast enough to achieve high productivity,good quality,and widespread adaptability?This review outlines the recent achievements in understanding cereal crop breeding,including the current knowledge about crop agronomic traits,newly developed techniques,crop big biological data research,and the possibility of integrating them for intelligence-driven breeding by design,which ushers in a new era of crop breeding practice and shapes the novel architecture of future *** review focuses on the major cereal crops,including rice,maize,and wheat,to explain how intelligence-driven breeding by design is becoming a reality.

关键词： Crop Big biological data Multi-omic Artificial intelligence Crop design breeding

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Research on the LA-UMamba Model for Asymmetric Modules with Added Auxiliary Information

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印刷与数字媒体技术研究 2024年第4期 56-66页

作者： yan Jing si zhan-jun zhanG Ying-xue College of Artificial Intelligence Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China

Deep learning techniques are revolutionizing the developmentof medical image *** the advancement of Transformer models,especially ViT and Swin-Transformer,which enhances the remote-dependent modeling capability of the model through the self-attention mechanism,better segmentation performance can be ***,the high computational cost of Transformer has motivated researchers to explore more efficient models,such as the Mamba model based on state-space modeling(SSM),and for the field of medical segmentation,reducing the number of model parameters is also *** this study,a novel asymmetric model called LA-UMamba was proposed,which integrates visual Mamba module to efficiently capture complex visual features and remote *** classical design of U-Net was adopted in the upsampling phase to help reduce the number of references and recover more *** mitigate the information loss problem,an auxiliary U-Net downsampling layer was designed to focus on sizing without extracting features,thus enhancing the protection of input information while maintaining the efficiency of the *** experiments were conducted on the ACDC MRI cardiac segmentation dataset,and the results showed that the proposed LA-UMamba achieves proved performance compared to the baseline model in several evaluation metrics,such as IoU,Accuracy,Precision,HD and ASD,which improved that the model is successful in optimizing the detail processing and reducing the complexity of the model,providing a new perspective for further optimization of medical image segmentation techniques.

关键词： Medical image segmentation U-Net Mamba module Deep Learning

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临床实践指南的制定应当科学、规范

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中华儿科杂志 2009年第3期47卷 163-166页

作者：詹思延北京大学循证医学中心 100191

随着人口结构的变化，患者对医疗卫生服务期望的增高，以及医学技术不断发展带来的临床各种诊断、治疗手段的日新月异，世界各国都面临医疗卫生费用持续攀升的困境。我国作为转型期的发展中国家更是存在传染病和慢性病的双重负担，损伤... 详细信息

随着人口结构的变化，患者对医疗卫生服务期望的增高，以及医学技术不断发展带来的临床各种诊断、治疗手段的日新月异，世界各国都面临医疗卫生费用持续攀升的困境。我国作为转型期的发展中国家更是存在传染病和慢性病的双重负担，损伤与中毒的问题也不容忽视。据统计我国1978—2004年的26年中人均国民生产总值（GDP）增长了27．9倍，而人均卫生费用却增长了50．8倍，

关键词：临床实践指南科学医疗卫生服务医疗卫生费用国民生产总值人均卫生费用发展中国家人口结构

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Unraveling colorectal cancer prevention:The vitamin D-gut flora-immune system nexus

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2394-2403页

作者： Zhi-Song zhan Zu-Shun Zheng Jing Shi Juan Chen si-Yi Wu Shi-yan zhang Department of Dentistry Fuding HospitalFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuding 355200Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Physical Examination Fuding HospitalFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuding 355200Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Fuding HospitalFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuding 355200Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Laboratory Fuding HospitalFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuding 355200Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Surgery Fuding HospitalFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuding 355200Fujian ProvinceChina

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in the *** environmental and genetic factors play a major role in the pathogenesis of CRC,extensive research has suggested that vitamin D may play a pivotal role in the development of *** D,primarily obtained through sunlight exposure,dietary sources,and supplements,has long been recognized for its essential functions in maintaining health,including immune *** article delves into the intricate relationship between vitamin D,the immune system,gut flora,and the prevention of *** presents a synthesis of epidemiological data,experimental studies,and clinical trials,highlighting the mechanisms by which vitamin D influences immune cell function,cytokine production,and *** enhancing the immune system’s surveillance and antitumor activity,vitamin D may offer a promising avenue for CRC ***,this comprehensive review delves into the prospective clinical applications of vitamin D supplementation and delineates the forthcoming avenues of research in this dynamic ***,the paper tentatively outlines a spectrum of prophylactic impacts of vitamin D on CRC,emphasizing its significant potential in reducing CRC risk through shedding light on its mechanisms,encompassing antineoplastic mechanisms,influences on the immune system,and modulation of the gut microbiome.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Vitamin D Immune system Gut flora Immunomodulation Microbial dysbiosis Cancer prevention

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Kinetic model of vibration screening for granular materials based on biological neural network

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 98-106页

作者： zhan Zhao yan zhang Fang Qin Mingzhi Jin School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences Ji'nan250100China

The kinetic model is the theoretical basis for optimizing the structure and operation performance of vibration screening *** this paper,a biological neurodynamic equation and neural connections were established according to the motion and interaction properties of the material under vibration *** material feeding to the screen and the material passing through apertures were considered as excitatory and inhibitory inputs,respectively,and the generated stable neural activity landscape was used to describe the material distribution on the 2D screen *** dynamic process of material vibration screening was simulated using discrete element method(DEM).By comparing the similarity between the material distribution established using biological neural network(BNN)and that obtained using DEM simulation,the optimum coefficients of BNN model under a certain screening parameter were determined,that is,one relationship between the BNN model coefficients and the screening operation parameters was *** screening parameters were randomly selected,and the corresponding relationships were established as a ***,with straw/grain ratio,aperture diameter,inclination angle,vibration strength in normal and tangential directions as inputs,five independent adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems(ANFIS)were established to predict the optimum BNN model coefficients,*** training results indicated that ANFIS models had good stability and *** flexibility and adaptability of the proposed BNN method was demonstrated by modeling material distribution under complex feeding conditions such as multiple regions and non-uniform rate.

关键词： Kinetic model Material distribution Vibration screening Biological neural network DEM simulation Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems

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Automated identification of steel weld defects,a convolutional neural network improved machine learning approach

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 294-308页

作者： zhan SHU Ao WU Yuning si Hanlin DONG Dejiang WANG Yifan LI School of Mechanics and Engineering Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of Civil Engineering Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 201418China Shanghai PinlanData Technology Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200072China

This paper proposes a machine-learning-based methodology to automatically classify different types of steel weld defects,including lack of the fusion,porosity,slag inclusion,and the qualified(no defects)*** methodology solves the shortcomings of existing detection methods,such as expensive equipment,complicated operation and inability to detect internal *** study first collected percussed data from welded steel members with or without weld ***,three methods,the Mel frequency cepstral coefficients,short-time Fourier transform(STFT),and continuous wavelet transform were implemented and compared to explore the most appropriate features for classification of weld *** and convolutional neural network-enhanced algorithms were used to classify,the extracted ***,experiments were designed and performed to validate the proposed *** showed that STFT achieved higher accuracies(up to 96.63%on average)in the weld status *** convolutional neural network-enhanced support vector machine(SVM)outperformed six other algorithms with an average accuracy of 95.8%.In addition,random forest and SVM were efficient approaches with a balanced trade-off between the accuracies and the computational efforts.

关键词： steel weld machine learning convolutional neural network weld defect detection classification task percussion

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Large porewater exchange reshapes saltmarsh carbon and greenhouse gas budgets on local and global scales

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2195-2209页

作者： Xiaogang CHEN Isaac RSANTOS Lucheng zhan Yu yan YAU yan zhanG Ling LI Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China Department of Marine Sciences University of GothenburgGothenburg 41319Sweden College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210024China

Saltmarshes are carbon-rich ecosystems that play a role in climate regulation by efficiently sequestrating atmospheric CO_(2).Climate change is a major threat to saltmarshes and will impact saltmarsh carbon ***,porewater-derived carbon outwelling emerges as a crucial pathway for carbon sequestration,but it has been largely overlooked in ***,we assessed the drivers of dissolved carbon exports and greenhouse gas emissions in a saltmarsh and placed those observations into a global *** our study site,porewater exchange(PEX)was the major process controlling dissolved carbon and greenhouse gas *** our results with 33 other studies in saltmarshes worldwide,porewater-derived carbon fluxes were equivalent to~48% of average global saltmarsh primary productivity and 2.2 times greater than global organic carbon ***,our local observations and global upscaling demonstrate the major role played by PEX in saltmarsh carbon *** part of dissolved inorganic carbon returns to the atmosphere as CO_(2),the remaining bicarbonate fraction is stored in the ocean over long time *** findings strengthen global blue carbon assessments and build arguments for the use of saltmarshes as nature-based solutions for global climate change.

关键词： Coastal carbon Global carbon budget Carbon neutrality Nature-based solutions Coastal wetlands Submarine groundwater discharge

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