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Emerging role of regulated cell death in intestinal failure-associated liver disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 228-233页

作者： si-Yang Cheng Lu jiang Ying Wang Wei Cai Department of Pediatric Surgery Xinhua HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Shanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research Shanghai 200092China Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Xinhua HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092China

Intestinal failure-associated liver disease(IFALD)is a common complication of long-term parenteral nutrition that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.It is mainly characterized by cholestasis in children and steatohepatitis in adults.Unfortunately,there is no effective approach to prevent or reverse the disease.Regulated cell death(RCD)represents a fundamental biological paradigm that determines the outcome of a variety of liver diseases.Nowadays cell death is reclassified into several types,based on the mechanisms and morphological phenotypes.Emerging evidence has linked different modes of RCD,such as apoptosis,necroptosis,ferroptosis,and pyroptosis to the pathogenesis of liver diseases.Recent studies have shown that different modes of RCD are present in animal models and patients with IFALD.Understanding the pathogenic roles of cell death may help uncover the underlying mechanisms and develop novel therapeutic strategies in IFALD.In this review,we discuss the current knowledge on how RCD may link to the pathogenesis of IFALD.We highlight examples of cell death-targeted interventions aiming to attenuate the disease,and provide perspectives for future basic and translational research in the field.

关键词： Parenteral nutrition Apoptosis Necroptosis Cholestasis Steatosis

General formalism for dirty extreme-mass-ratio inspirals

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 22-29页

作者： Ye jiang wen-Biao Han Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Gravitational Wave Detection Shanghai 200240China

Detecting the environment around the supermassive black holes and tests of general relativity are important applications of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals(EMRIs).There is still a challenge to efficiently describe various“dirty”impacts on the inspirals,such as dark matter,gas,dipole radiation,and electromagnetic interaction.In this study,we find the inherent linearity of the asymptotic solution of the inhomogeneous Teukolsky equation.On the basis of this property,we completely decouple the factors of the perturber and the background spacetime in the energy fluxes and waveforms.With the new decoupling form,the waveforms of EMRIs with non-geodesic motion in Kerr spacetime can be conveniently calculated.This will help to resolve the environment(including gas,field,dark matter,electromagnetic interaction)around supermassive black holes and test general relativity.

关键词： gravitational wave Teukolsky equation extreme-mass-ratio inspirals

Pig H3K4me3,H3K27ac,and gene expression profiles reveal reproductive tissue-specific activity of transposable elements

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 138-151页

作者： Tao jiang Zhi-Min Zhou Zi-Qi Ling Qing Zhang Zhong-Zi Wu Jia-wen Yang si-Yu Yang Bin Yang Lu-Sheng Huang National Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330045China

Regulatory sequences and transposable elements(TEs)account for a large proportion of the genomic sequences of species;however,their roles in gene transcription,especially tissue-specific expression,remain largely unknown.Pigs serve as an excellent animal model for studying genomic sequence biology due to the extensive diversity among their wild and domesticated populations.Here,we conducted an integrated analysis using H3K27ac ChIP-seq,H3K4me3 ChIP-seq,and RNA-seq data from 10 different tissues of seven fetuses and eight closely related adult pigs.We aimed to annotate the regulatory elements and TEs to elucidate their associations with histone modifications and mRNA expression across different tissues and developmental stages.Based on correlation analysis between mRNA expression and H3K27ac and H3K4me3 peak activity,results indicated that H3K27ac exhibited stronger associations with gene expression than H3K4me3.Furthermore,1.45%of TEs overlapped with either the H3K27ac or H3K4me3 peaks,with the majority displaying tissue-specific activity.Notably,a TE subfamily(LTR4C_SS),containing binding motifs for siX1 and siX4,showed specific enrichment in the H3K27ac peaks of the adult and fetal ovaries.RNA-seq analysis also revealed widespread expression of TEs in the exons or promoters of genes,including 4688 TE-containing transcripts with distinct development stage-specific and tissue-specific expression.Of note,1967 TE-containing transcripts were enriched in the testes.We identified a long terminal repeat(LTR),MLT1F1,acting as a testis-specific alternative promoter in SRPK2(a cell cycle-related protein kinase)in our pig dataset.This element was also conserved in humans and mice,suggesting either an ancient integration of TEs in genes specifically expressed in the testes or parallel evolutionary patterns.Collectively,our findings demonstrate that TEs are deeply embedded in the genome and exhibit important tissue-specific biological functions,particularly in the reproductive organs.

关键词： Transposable elements Porcine Histone modification Alternative promoter TE-containing transcript

Rapid Unconscious Acquisition of Conditioned Fear with Low-Spatial-Frequency but Emotionally Neutral Stimuli

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 753-762页

作者： Yujie Chen si Chen Zhongju Sun Xilei Zhang Xiangyong Yuan Liang Wang Yi jiang State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyInstitute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

It has long been proposed that emotionally“prepared”(i.e.,fear-related)stimuli are privileged in the unconscious acquisition of conditioned fear.However,as fear processing is suggested to highly depend on the coarse,low-spatial-frequency(LSF)components of the fear-related stimuli,it is plausible that LSF may play a unique role in the unconscious fear conditioning even with emotionally neutral stimuli.Here,we provided empirical evidence that,following classical fear conditioning,an invisible,emotionally neutral conditioned stimulus(CS+)with LSF,but not with high spatial frequency(HSF),can rapidly elicit stronger skin conductance responses(SCRs)and larger pupil diameters than its CS−counterpart.In comparison,consciously perceived emotionally neutral CS+with LSF and HSF elicited comparable SCRs.Taken together,these results support that the unconscious fear conditioning does not necessarily entail emotionally prepared stimuli but prioritizes LSF information processing and highlight the crucial distinctions between the unconscious and the conscious fear learning.These findings not only coincide with the postulation that a rapid,spatial-frequency-dependent subcortical route is engaged in unconscious fear processing but also suggest the existence of multiple routes for conscious fear processing.

关键词： neutral necessarily diameters

Study on a conical bearing for acceleration-sensitive equipment

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第1期23卷 103-128页

作者： Pang Hui Xu wen Dai Junwu jiang Tao Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina Earthquake AdministrationHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Ministry of Emergency ManagementHarbin 150080China School of Civil Engineering and Transportation Beihua UniversityJilin 132013China

Seismic isolation effectively reduces seismic demands on building structures by isolating the superstructure from ground vibrations during earthquakes.However,isolation strategies give less attention to acceleration-sensitive systems or equipment.Meanwhile,as the isolation layer’s displacement grows,the stiffness and frequency of traditional rolling and sliding isolation bearings increases,potentially causing self-centering and resonance concerns.As a result,a new conical pendulum bearing has been selected for acceleration-sensitive equipment to increase self-centering capacity,and additional viscous dampers are incorporated to enhance system damping.Moreover,the theoretical formula for conical pendulum bearings is supplied to analyze the device’s dynamic parameters,and shake table experiments are used to determine the proposed device’s isolation efficiency under various conditions.According to the test results,the newly proposed devices have remarkable isolation performance in terms of minimizing both acceleration and displacement responses.Finally,a numerical model of the isolation system is provided for further research,and the accuracy is demonstrated by the aforementioned experiments.

关键词： seismic isolation acceleration-sensitive equipment the conical pendulum bearing shake table tests isolation performance,numerical model

Hepatic cystic lesions mimicking liver abscess on imaging: A report oftwo cases

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 86-89页

作者： Yun-wen jiang Yong-Hong Yu Tian-An jiang Shu-Yuan Tian Department of Ultrasound Medicine Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310012China Department of Ultrasound Medicine the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

Hepatic cystic lesions include congenital dysplasia,inflammatory cystic lesions,neoplastic cystic lesions and parasitic cystic lesions.As different treatment modalities can be chosen for these lesions,differential diagnosis is particularly important[1].Clinical features or imaging findings of cystic lesions of the liver are typical;for instance,liver abscess often shows thick-walled enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT.

关键词： lesions Hepatic cystic

Delivery room resuscitation intensity and associated neonatal outcomes of 24^(+0)-31^(+6) weeks'preterm infants in China:a retrospective cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 64-72页

作者： si-Lu Wang Chun Chen Xin-Yue Gu Zhao-Qing Yin Le Su si-Yuan jiang Yun Cao Li-Zhong Du Jian-Hua Sun jiang-Qin Liu Chuan-Zhong Yang Department of Neonatology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal MedicineShanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic OncologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityNo.2699Gaoke Western RoadPudong DistrictShanghai 201204China Department of Neonatology Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityNo.2004Hongli RoadFutian DistrictShenzhen 518028China NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases Fudan UniversityChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Neonatology People's Hospital of DehongKunming Medical UniversityDehongChina Department of Neonatology Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Neonatology Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Neonatology Shanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Background The aim of this study was to review current delivery room(DR)resuscitation intensity in Chinese tertiary neonatal intensive care units and to investigate the association between DR resuscitation intensity and short-term outcomes in preterm infants born at 24+0_31+6 weeks gestation age(GA).Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study.The source population was infants born at 24+0_31+6 weeks'GA who were enrolled in the Chinese Neonatal Network 2019 cohort.Eligible infants were categorized into five groups:(1)regular care;(2)oxygen supplementation and/or continuous positive airway pressure(O2/CPAP);(3)mask ventilation;(4)endotracheal intubation;and(5)cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR).The association between DR resuscitation and shortterm outcomes was evaluated by inverse propensity score-weighted logistic regression.Results Of 7939 infants included in this cohort,2419(30.5%)received regular care,1994(25.1%)received O,/CPAP,1436(18.1%)received mask ventilation,1769(22.3%)received endotracheal intubation,and 321(4.0%)received CPR in the DR.Advanced maternal age and maternal hypertension correlated with a higher need for resuscitation,and antenatal steroid use tended to be associated with a lower need for resuscitation(Psignificantly with increasing amounts of resuscitation in DR after adjusting for perinatal factors.Resuscitation strategies vary widely between centers,with over 50%of preterm infants in eight centers requiring higher intensity resuscitation.Conclusions Increased intensity of DR interventions was associated with increased mortality and morbidities in very preterm infants in China.There is wide variation in resuscitative approaches across delivery centers,and ongoing quality improvement to standardize resuscitation practices is needed.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Delivery room Endotracheal intubation Neonatal resuscitation Preterm

Air target intention recognition and causal effect analysis combining uncertainty information reasoning and potential outcome framework

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第1期37卷 287-299页

作者： Yu ZHANG Fanghui HUANG Xinyang DENG Mingda LI wen jiang School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China

Recognizing target intent is crucial for making decisions on the battlefield.However,the imperfect and ambiguous character of battlefield situations challenges the validity and causation analysis of classical intent recognition techniques.Facing with the challenge,a target intention causal analysis paradigm is proposed by combining with an Intervention Retrieval(IR)model and a Hybrid Intention Recognition(HIR)model.The target data acquired by the sensors are modelled as Basic Probability Assignments(BPAs)based on evidence theory to create uncertain datasets.Then,the HIR model is utilized to recognize intent for a tested sample from uncertain datasets.Finally,the intervention operator under the evidence structure is utilized to perform attribute intervention on the tested sample.Data retrieval is performed in the sample database based on the IR model to generate the intention distribution of the pseudo-intervention samples to analyze the causal effects of individual sample attributes.The simulation results demonstrate that our framework successfully identifies the target intention under the evidence structure and goes further to analyze the causal impact of sample attributes on the target intention.

关键词： Causal effect analysis Hybrid intention recognition Intervention retrieval Target intention Uncertainty reasoning

Impact of Carbon Chain Structures in the Backbone on the Flexibility of Modified Polyarylene Sulfide Resins: Molecular Dynamics simulations and Mesoscopic Analysis

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 544-557页

作者： Chi Zhang Rong Liu Jing-Yuan Liu wen-Wei jiang Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical Engineering and Functional Materials School of Chemical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

In the domain of high-performance engineering polymers, the enhancement of mechanical flexibility in poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) resins has long posed a significant challenge. A novel molecular structure, designated as PP-He-IS, wherein imide rings and an aliphatic hexylene chain are covalently incorporated into the PPS backbone to enhance its flexibility, is introduced in this study. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are employed to systematically explore the effects of diversifying the backbone chain structures by substituting phenyl units with alkyl chains of varying lengths, referred to as PP-A-IS where “A” signifies the distinct intermediary alkyl chain configurations. Computational analyses reveal a discernable decrement in the glass transition temperature (Tg) and elastic modulus, counterbalanced by an increment in yield strength as the alkyl chain length is extended. Notably, the PP-He-IS variant is shown to exhibit superior yield strength while simultaneously maintaining reduced elastic modulus and Tg values, positioning it as an advantageous candidate for flexible PPS applications. Mesoscopic analyses further indicate that structures such as PP-He-IS, PP-Pe-IS, and PP-Bu-IS manifest remarkable flexibility, attributable to the presence of freely rotatable carbon-carbon single bonds. Experimental validation confirms that a melting temperature of 504 K which is lower than that of conventional PPS, and lower crystallinity are exhibited by PP-He-IS, thereby affording enhanced processability without compromising inherent thermal stability. Novel insights into the strategic modification of PPS for mechanical flexibility are thus furnished by this study, which also accentuates the pivotal role played by molecular dynamics simulations in spearheading high-throughput investigations in polymer material modifications.

关键词： Molecular dynamics simulations Polyarylene Sulfide Main-chain modifications Flexibility Aliphatic hexylene chain