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Evolutionary impacts of purine metabolism genes on mammalian oxidative stress adaptation

Zoological Research 2022年第2期43卷 241-254页

作者： Ran Tian Chen Yang si-min chai Han Guo Inge Seim Guang Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Integrative Biology Laboratory College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China School of Biology and Environmental Science Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland 4001Australia

Many mammals risk damage from oxidative stress stemming from frequent dives(i.e., cycles of ischemia/reperfusion and hypoxia/reoxygenation),high altitude and subterranean environments, or powered flight. Purine metabolism is an essential response to oxidative stress, and an imbalance between purine salvage and de novo biosynthesis pathways can generate damaging reactive oxygen species(ROS). Here, we examined the evolution of 117 purine metabolism-related genes to explore the accompanying molecular mechanisms of enhanced purine metabolism in mammals under high oxidative stress. We found that positively selected genes,convergent changes, and nonparallel amino acid substitutions are possibly associated with adaptation to oxidative stress in mammals. In particular, the evolution of convergent genes with c AMP and c GMP regulation roles may protect mammals from oxidative damage. Additionally, 32 genes were identified as under positive selection in cetaceans, including key purine salvage enzymes(i.e., HPRT1), suggesting improved re-utilization of non-recyclable purines avoid hypoxanthine accumulation and reduce oxidative stress. Most intriguingly, we found that six unique substitutions in cetacean xanthine dehydrogenase(XDH), an enzyme that regulates the generation of the ROS precursor xanthine oxidase(XO) during ischemic/hypoxic conditions, show enhanced enzyme activity and thermal stability and diminished XO conversion activity. These functional adaptations are likely beneficial for cetaceans by reducing radical oxygen species production during diving. In summary, our findings offer insights into the molecular and functional evolution of purine metabolism genes in mammalian oxidative stress adaptations.

关键词： Evolution Mammals Cetaceans Purine metabolism Oxidative stress

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Structure and 2p decay mechanism of^(18)Mg

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 145-154页

作者： Long Zhou De-Qing Fang si-min Wang Hui Hua Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Research Center for Theoretical Nuclear Physics NSFC and Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The recently discovered,extremely proton-rich nuclide 18 Mg exhibits ground-state decay via two sequential two-proton(2p)emissions through the intermediate nucleus,*** study investigates the structure and the initial 2p decay mechanism of^(18)Mgby examining the density and correlations of the valence protons using a three-body Gamow coupled-channel *** results show that the ground state of^(18)Mgis significantly influenced by the continuum,resulting in a significant s-wave ***,based on the current framework,this does not lead to a significant deviation in mirror symmetry in either the structure or spectroscopy of the 18Mg-18C ***,the time evolution analysis of the^(18)Mgground state suggests a simultaneous 2p emission during the first step of *** observed nucleon-nucleon correlations align with those of the light-mass 2p emitters,indicating a consistent decay behavior within this nuclear region.

关键词： Structure of^(18)Mg Two-proton decay Proton-proton correlation

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Facile synthesis of composite polyferric magnesium-silicate-sulfate coagulant with enhanced performance in water and wastewater

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International Journal of minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第3期31卷 574-584页

作者： Xiangtao Huo Rongxia chai Lizheng Gou Mei Zhang min Guo School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The coagulation process is a widely applied technology in water and wastewater *** composite polyferric mag-nesium-silicate-sulfate(PFMS)coagulants were synthesized using Na_(2)siO_(3)·9H_(2)O,Fe_(2)(SO_(4))_(3),and MgSO_(4) as raw materials in this *** effects of aging time,Fe:si:Mg,and OH:M molar ratios(M represents the metal ions)on the coagulation performance of the as-pre-pared PFMS were systematically investigated to obtain optimum *** results showed that PFMS coagulant exhibited good co-agulation properties in the treatment of simulated humic acid-kaolin surface water and reactive dye *** the molar ratio was controlled at Fe:si:Mg=2:2:1 and OH:M=0.32,the obtained PFMS presented excellent stability and a high coagulation *** removal efficiency of ultraviolet UV254 was 99.81%,and the residual turbidity of the surface water reached 0.56 NTU at a dosage of 30 mg·L^(-1).After standing the coagulant for 120 d in the laboratory,the removal efficiency of UV254 and residual turbidity of the surface wa-ter were 88.12%and 0.68 NTU,respectively,which accord with the surface water treatment *** addition,the coagulation performance in the treatment of reactive dye wastewater was greatly improved by combining the advantages of magnesium and iron *** with polyferric silicate-sulfate(PFS)and polymagnesium silicate-sulfate(PMS),the PFMS coagulant played a better decolor-ization role within the pH range of 7-13.

关键词： polyferric-magnesium-silicate-sulfate composite coagulants water and wastewater excellent stability high coagulation ef-ficiency decolorization

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Can serum immunoglobulin G4 levels and age serve as reliable predictors of relapse in autoimmune pancreatitis?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 512-515页

作者： Jun-min Song si-Yu Sun Department of Gastroenterology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004Liaoning ProvinceChina

We are writing in response to the paper published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology by Zhou et *** authors identified higher serum immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 levels and age over 55 years as independent risk factors for disease *** notable strengths,it is crucial to address potential ***,the cohort study included 189 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)type 1(with higher IgG4 seropositivity and higher relapse)and 24 with type 2(with lower IgG4 seropositivity and lower relapse).Consequently,most,if not all,AIP type 2 patients were assigned to the normal group,possibly inflating the association of higher serum IgG4 levels with relapse and potentially exaggerating the association of older age with ***,the authors did not provide sufficient details regarding AIP diagnosis,such as the ratio of definitive vs probable cases and the proportion of *** cases where histological evidence is unavailable or indeterminate,AIP type 2 may be misdiagnosed as definitive type 1,and type 1 may also be misdiagnosed as probable type 2,particularly in cases with normal or mildly elevated serum IgG4 ***,in this retrospective study,approximately one-third of the consecutive patients initially collected were excluded for various ***,the impact of nonrandom exclusion on relapse outcomes should be carefully *** conclusion,the paper by Zhou et al offers plausible,though not entirely compelling,evidence suggesting a predictive role of elevated serum IgG4 levels and advanced age in AIP *** foundation for future investigations lies in ensuring a reliable diagnosis and accurate disease subtyping,heavily dependent on obtaining histological *** this regard,endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy emerges as a pivotal component of the diagnostic process,contributing to mitigating biases in future explorations of the disease.

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis Immunoglobulin Endoscopic ultrasound Relapse Age

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Highly elastic and degradable vitrimeric elastomers using polycondensation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 434-438页

作者： Yue Liu Yongshuang Huang Chao Li Guifu si min Chen Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Introducing covalently crosslinked network to polymer matrix can merge the advantages in reprocessing and durability of *** this contribution,a series of high-performance vitrimeric elastomers were achieved via *** topological structures of polymers were tuned by varying the feeding ratios of bisacetoacetate,hex–substituted bisacetoacetate,bisamine and tris(2-aminoethyl)*** these structural manipulations,the vitrimeric elastomers presented great elastic recovery properties(strain recovery value up to 80%)benefiting from the introduction of long chain ***,the elastomers exhibited excellent reprocessing property,water vapor/oxygen barrier and adhesive ***,the elastomers could be degraded into monomer under acid conditions which enabled the elastomer synthesis again in closed loop recycling *** ease of the polycondensation in this work to prepare highly elastic and recyclable vitrimeric elastomers demonstrated exciting opportunities for the synthesis of sustainable polymers.

关键词： Polycondensation Vitrimeric elastomers Highly elastic Degradable polymers

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Variable projection algorithms with sparse constraint for separable nonlinear models

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 135-146页

作者： Hui-Lang Xu Guang-Yong Chen si-Qing Cheng min Gan Jing Chen College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina Key Laboratory of Intelligent Metro of Universities in Fujian Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Ministry of EducationFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina School of Science Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122JiangsuChina

Separable nonlinear models are widely used in various fields such as time series analysis, system modeling, and machine learning, due to their flexible structures and ability to capture nonlinear behavior of data. However, identifying the parameters of these models is challenging, especially when sparse models with better interpretability are desired by practitioners. Previous theoretical and practical studies have shown that variable projection (VP) is an efficient method for identifying separable nonlinear models, but these are based on \(L_2\) penalty of model parameters, which cannot be directly extended to deal with sparse constraint. Based on the exploration of the structural characteristics of separable models, this paper proposes gradient-based and trust-region-based variable projection algorithms, which mainly solve two key problems: how to eliminate linear parameters under sparse constraint;and how to deal with the coupling relationship between linear and nonlinear parameters in the model. Finally, numerical experiments on synthetic data and real time series data are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Variable projection(VP) Non-smooth constraint Separable nonlinear models

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Construction of daily precipitation series and the observational characteristics of extreme precipitation in Tianjin,China during 1888-2022

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 52-61页

作者： Peng si Qing-Xiang LI Xiao-Yang CHEN min WANG Chuan-Jun LUO Tianjin Meteorological Information Center Tianjin Meteorological BureauTianjin 300074China Research Centerfor Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Chinese Academy of SciencesWulumuqi 830011China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 528478China Key Laboratory of Tropical Amosphere-Ocean System Ministry of EducationZhuhai 528478China Shaoguan Meteorological Service Shaoguan 512028China

Given the difficulties in rescuing and ensuring the quality of long-term climate data,current studies on century-scale climate change are usually limited to annual and monthly data,resulting in the poor detection of extreme climate events and their changes before *** this study,we reconstructed a daily precipitation series for Tianjin from 15 September 1887 to 31 December 2022 on the basis of the most comprehensive daily precipitation records collected from the Tianjin Meteorological Archive,China,and in reference to the precipitation analysis results based on the datasets developed by the Climatic Research Unit Time-Series version 4.06,Global Precipitation Climatology Centre and University of Delaware along with the application of various homogenisation methods for climate *** approach provides a complete and reliable century-long daily precipitation series for the study of regional or local extreme weather and climate *** reconstructed daily dataset reveals that the annual precipitation amount and R95 intensity in Tianjin during 1888-2022 lack significant trends and have values of 0.74±6.99 and-1.84±3.22 mm per decade,*** the annual and seasonal scales,the precipitation amount and R95 intensity,particularly those in autumn,have increased since the latter half of the 20th century relative to those in ***,the increase in precipitation amount and R95 intensity is relatively limited compared with that in atmospheric water vapour content due to surface warming,indicating the highly sensitive response of extreme precipitation events to *** addition,the estimates for the return periods of 5,10,20,50 and 100 years covering 1888-2022,1888-1950 and 1951-2022 depict that the intensity of heavy rain and above magnitude was highest in 1888-1950 and decreased in 1951-2022.

关键词： Over a century-long timescale Daily precipitation series Extreme precipitation Return period

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Tracing monoclinic distortion in NCM532 cathode materials by in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第2期34卷 274-279页

作者： min Dong Qingya Sun Zhihua Wang Zixin Rui Zhe Zhang He Zhu si Lan Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology Center for Neutron Scattering City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute

Layered LiNixCoyMnzO2（NCM） cathode materials have emerged as the best choice for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries for powering electric *** significant research efforts,the understanding of complex structural dynamics during lithium（de-） intercalation still remains a subject of debate,especially in scenarios where morphology and composition *** this study,we carried out in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments on commercial NCM523cathode materials in both single crystal and polycrystalline forms to probe the structural changes during charging and discharging in *** findings reveal that both single crystal and polycrystalline materials exhibit typical H1-H2-H3 phase ***,in polycrystalline NCM532,a monoclinic intermediate phase emerges between the H1 and H2 *** this process,symmetry reduces from R-3m to C2/m,which is attributed to a shear distortion along the ab *** contrast,for single crystal materials,the H1 phase directly transforms into the H2 phase without the monoclinic *** observed monoclinic distortion significantly impacts structural stability and material cycling *** study provides new insight into the structural dynamics in NCM532 cathode materials,particularly concerning morphology-dependent behaviors,which could deepen our understanding of the relationship between NCM material structures and their performance.

关键词： single crystals

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Biomass-based materials for advanced supercapacitor:principles,progress,and perspectives

Aggregate

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 95-114页

作者： Yaxuan Wang Ting Xu Kun Liu Meng Zhang Xu-min Cai Chuanling si State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and PaperTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjinChina Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina

Supercapacitors exhibit considerable potential as energy storage devices due to their high power density,fast charging and discharging abilities,long cycle life,and *** the increasing environmental concerns associated with synthetic compounds,the use of environment friendly biopolymers to replace conventional petroleum-based materials has been widely ***-based materials are biodegradable,renewable,environment friendly and *** unique hierarchical nanostructure,excellent mechanical properties and hydrophilicity allow them to be used to create functional conductive materials with precisely controlled structures and different *** this review,the latest development of biomass-based supercapacitor materials is reviewed and *** paper describes the physical and chemical properties of various biopolymers and their impact on supercapacitors,as well as the classification and basic principles of ***,a comprehensive discussion is presented on the utilization of biomass-based materials in supercapacitors and their recent applications across a range of supercapacitor ***,an overview of the future prospects and challenges pertaining to the utilization of biomass-based materials in supercapacitors is provided.

关键词： biomass electrodes electrolyte energy storage supercapacitor

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Effects of vitamin family members on insulin resistance and diabetes complications

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 568-571页

作者： Hong-Jin Chen min Wang Ding-min Zou Gui-You Liang si-Yuan Yang Division of Cardiac Surgery Guizhou Institute of Precision MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550009Guizhou ProvinceChina Translational Medicine Research Center Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550025Guizhou ProvinceChina School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550025Guizhou ProvinceChina

The following letter to the editor highlights the article“Effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk factors for insulin resistance”in World J Diabetes 2023 Oct 15;14(10):*** is necessary to explore the role of vitamin family members in insulin resistance and diabetes complications.

关键词： Vitamin Insulin resistance Diabetes complications Letter

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