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ROLE OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN MODULATING LIFE CYCLE OF TROPICAL CYCLONES OVER BAY OF BENGAL

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2019年第2期8卷 74-89页

作者： shyama mohanty Raghu Nadimpalli Krishna K Osuri Sujata Pattanayak U C mohanty and Sourav Sil School of Earth Ocean and Climate Sciences Indian Institute of Technology BhubaneswarOdishaIndia Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences National Institute of Technology RourkelaOdishaIndia National Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasting NoidaUttar PradeshIndia

Sea surface temperature(SST) varies significantly in the presence of tropical cyclones(TCs). Using fixed SST throughout the integration of high resolution TC models is general practice in research and operational endeavor over the North Indian Ocean. The present study is to assess the impact of updating realistic SST in TC lifetime on track, intensity and rainfall of TCs. The Hurricane Weather Research Forecast(HWRF) model of single domain with 9 km resolution is used. A total of 31 forecast cases are considered from 6 TCs during 2007-16 with unique track and intensity characteristics. A set of two numerical experiments are done without(CNTL) and with 6-hourly SST update(SST) in TC *** track and intensity errors show that there is an improvement of 3–41% in track during 12–120 h forecast length for SST run. The SST runs improve landfall position and time prediction by 20% and 33% respectively. The cross track error of SST run is comparable(44 km) with average errors available for this basin(34 km);and along track errors are improved by 60% as compared to CNTL as well as average errors of the basin. The model is biased to overestimate a weaker TC and underestimate a stronger TC, however, the bias is reduced in SST run by 5–51%. The analyses of wind, enthalpy flux and warm core structures provide insight for realistic intensity prediction of SST run unlike CNTL. Rainfall intensity and radial distribution is also improved in SST run. Thus, this study highlights the significance of ocean coupling with TC models to advance forecast guidance.

关键词： tropical cyclone HWRF SST Bay of Bengal

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Longevity of animals under reactive oxygen species stress and disease susceptibility due to global warming

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2016年第1期7卷 110-127页

作者： Biswaranjan Paital Sumana Kumari Panda Akshaya Kumar Hati Bobllina mohanty Manoj Kumar Mohapatra shyama Kanungo Gagan Bihari Nityananda Chainy Department of Zoology College of Basic Science and HumanitiesOrissa University of Agriculture and Technology Department of Materia Medica Dr.Abhin Chandra Homoeopathic Medical College and HospitalUnit-III Sri Aurobindo Institute of Integral Science and Research Rural Health Centre Department of Zoology N.C.(Autonomous) College Department of Gynecology SCB Medical College and Hospital Department of Biotechnology Utkal University

The world is projected to experience an approximate doubling of atmospheric CO_2 concentration in the next decades. Rise in atmospheric CO_2 level as one of the most important reasons is expected to contribute to raise the mean global temperature 1.4 ℃-5.8 ℃ by that time. A survey from 128 countries speculates that global warming is primarily due to increase in atmospheric CO_2 level that is produced mainly by anthropogenic activities. Exposure of animals to high environmental temperatures is mostly accompanied by unwanted acceleration of certain biochemical pathways in their cells. One of such examples is augmentation in generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and subsequent increase in oxidation of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids by ROS. Increase in oxidation of biomolecules leads to a state called as oxidative stress(OS). Finally, the increase in OS condition induces abnormality in physiology of animals under elevated temperature. Exposure of animals to rise in habitat temperature is found to boost the metabolism of animals and a very strong and positive correlation exists between metabolism and levels of ROS and OS. Continuous induction of OS is negatively correlated with survivability and longevity and positively correlated with ageing in animals. Thus, it can be predicted that continuous exposure of animals to acute or gradual rise in habitat temperature due to global warming may induce OS, reduced survivability and longevity in animals in general and poikilotherms in particular. A positive correlation between metabolism and temperature in general and altered O_2 consumption at elevated temperature in particular could also increase the risk of experiencing OS in homeotherms. Effects of global warming on longevity of animals through increased risk of protein misfolding and disease susceptibility due to OS as the cause or effects or both also cannot be ignored. Therefore, understanding the physiological impacts of global warming in relation to longevity of

关键词： Reactive oxygen species Redox regulation Oxidative stress Survivability Climate change Disease susceptibility Global warming Longevity Thermal stress

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