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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2011年第4期25卷 280-286页

作者： Ashish Kumar Sharma Kunal Kishore Divya Sharma B.P Srinivasan shyam sunder agarwal Ashok Sharma Santosh Kumar Singh Samir Gaur Vijay Singh Jatav Department of Pharmacology Gyan Vihar School of PharmacySuresh Gyan Vihar UniversityJagatpuraJaipur (Rajasthan)302025India Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research Department of PharmacologyPushpviharSector Ⅲ.New Delhi 110017India

The present study investigated the antiarrhythmic activity of alcoholic extract of Tinospora cordifolia （T. cordifolia） in CaCl2 induced arrhythmia. CaCl2 （25 mg/kg） was administered by intravenous infusion （iv） to produce arrhythmia in rats. The animals were then treated with T. cordifolia extract （150, 250, and 450 mg/kg） and verapamil （5 mg/kg,iv）. Lead II electrocardiogram was monitored. Plasma calcium, sodium and potassium levels were measured. In CaCl2 induced arrhythmia, heart rate was decreased by 41.10%, T. cordifolia at 150, 300, and 450 mg/kg decreased the heart rate by 26.30%, 29.16%, and 38.29%, respectively, and verapamil reduced the heart rate by 9.70% compared to the normal group. The PQRST waves were normalized and atrial and ventricular fibrillation was controlled in rats treated with verapamil and T. cordifolia. CaCl2 increased calcium and sodium levels and decreased potassium levels in blood. T. cordifolia dose-dependently decreased calcium and sodium levels and increased potassium levels. Hence, T. cordifolia can be used in antiarrhythmic clinical settings and beneficial in atrial and ventricular fibrillation and flutter and may be indicated in ventricular tachyarrhythmia.

关键词： Tinospora cordifolia arrhythmia cardioprotection.

Involvement of adenosine and standardization of aqueous extract of garlic(Allium sativum Linn.)on cardioprotective and cardiodepressant properties in ischemic preconditioning and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion induced cardiac injury

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2012年第1期26卷 24-36页

作者： Ashish Kumar Sharma Arshee Munajjam Bhawna Vaishnav Richa Sharma Ashok Sharma Kunal Kishore Akash Sharma Divya Sharma Rita Kumari Ashish Tiwari Santosh Kumar Singh Samir Gaur Vijay Singh Jatav Barthu Parthi Srinivasan shyam sunder agarwal Department of Pharmacology Gyan Vihar School of PharmacySuresh Gyan Vihar University Department of Pharmacology Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research

The present study investigated the effect of garlic （Allium sativum Linn.） aqueous extracts on ischemic pre- conditioning and ischemia-reperfusion induced cardiac injury, as well as adenosine involvement in ischemic pre- conditioning and garlic extract induced cardioprotection. A model of ischemia-reperfusion injury was established using Langendorff apparatus. Aqueous extract of garlic dose was standardized （0.5%, 0.4%, 0.3%, 0.2%, 0.1%, 0.07%, 0.05%, 0.03%, 0,01%）, and the 0.05% dose was found to be the most effective. Higher doses （more than 0.05%） were highly toxic, causing arrhythmia and cardiodepression, whereas the lower doses were ineffective. Garlic exaggerated the cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning. The cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning and garlic cardioprotection was significantly attenuated by theophylline （1,000 ~tmol/L） and 8-SPT （10 mg/kg, i.p.） and expressed by increased myocardial infarct size, increased LDH level, and reduced nitrite and adenosine levels. These findings suggest that adenosine is involved in the pharmacological and molecular mechanism of garlic induced cardioprotection and mediated by the modulation of nitric oxide.

关键词： Allium sativum Linn. ischemic preconditioning cardioprotection adenosine nitrite

Atrial arrhythmias following lung transplantation:A state of the art review

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第2期15卷 65-83页

作者： Thirugnanasambandan sunder Paul Ramesh Madhan Kumar Department of Heart Lung Transplantation and Mechanical Circulatory Support Apollo HospitalsChennai 600086Tamil NaduIndia

Lung transplantation(LT)is now an accepted therapy for end stage lung disease in appropriate *** arrhythmias(AA)can occur after *** AA after LT are most often atrial fibrillation,whereas late arrhythmias which occur many months or years after LT are often atrial *** causes of AA are *** review begins with a brief history of LT and *** review further describes the pathophysiology of the *** risk factors,incidence,recipient characteristics including intra-operative factors are elaborated *** there are no clear and specific guidelines on the management of atrial arrhythmia following LT,the recommended guidelines on the management of AA in general are often extrapolated and used in the setting of post LT *** strategy of rate control vs rhythm control is *** pros and cons of various drug regimen,need for direct current cardioversion and catheter ablation therapies are *** methods to prevent or reduce the incidence of AA after LT are *** impact of AA on the short-term and long-term outcomes following LT is discussed.

关键词： Lung transplantation Atrial arrhythmias Atrial fibrillation Atrial flutter Atrial tachycardia Rate control drugs Rhythm control drugs Catheter ablation Post operative Anticoagulation

Venous thromboembolism following lung transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第2期15卷 106-117页

作者： Thirugnanasambandan sunder Paul Ramesh Thangaraj Madhan Kumar Kuppusamy Department of Heart Lung Transplantation and Mechanical Circulatory Support Apollo HospitalsChennai 600086Tamil NaduIndia

Lung transplantation(LT)is currently a surgical therapy option for end-stage lung *** thromboembolism(VTE),which can occur after LT,is associated with significant morbidity and *** of improved out-comes,increasing numbers of patients are receiving LT as *** on the waitlist for LT tend to be older with weakness and frailty in addition to pulmonary *** factors contribute to a heightened risk of post-operative ***,patients who clinically deteriorate while on the waitlist may require extra corporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to *** and thromboembolism are common in these *** embolism(PE)in a freshly transplanted lung can have significant effects leading to morbidity and *** typically leads to impairment of gas exchange and right ventricular *** LT,PE can affect healing of bronchial anastomosis and may even contribute to the development of chronic allograft lung *** article discussed the incidence,clinical features and diagnosis of VTE after ***,the treatment modalities,complications,and outcomes of VTE were reviewed.

关键词： Lung transplantation Venous thromboembolism Pulmonary embolism Pulmonary infarction Deep vein thrombosis Airway complications Bronchial ischemia Chronic lung allograft dysfunction Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Anticoagulation

Adverse effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer therapy:pathophysiology, mechanisms and clinical management

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第8期8卷 3622-3648页

作者： Sunitha shyam sunder Umesh C.Sharma Saraswati Pokharel Cardio-Oncology Research Group Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNYUSA Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Jacob’s School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA

Since their invention in the early 2000s,tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)have gained prominence as the most effective pathwaydirected anti-cancer *** have shown significant utility in the treatment of multiple hematological malignancies and solid tumors,including chronic myelogenous leukemia,non-small cell lung cancers,gastrointestinal stromal tumors,and HER2-positive breast *** their widespread applications,an increasing frequency of TKI-induced adverse effects has been *** TKIs are known to affect multiple organs in the body including the lungs,liver,gastrointestinal tract,kidneys,thyroid,blood,and skin,cardiac involvement accounts for some of the most serious *** most frequently reported cardiovascular side effects range from hypertension,atrial fibrillation,reduced cardiac function,and heart failure to sudden *** potential mechanisms of these side effects are unclear,leading to critical knowledge gaps in the development of effective therapy and treatment *** are limited data to infer the best clinical approaches for the early detection and therapeutic modulation of TKI-induced side effects,and universal consensus regarding various management guidelines is yet to be *** this state-of-the-art review,we examine multiple pre-clinical and clinical studies and curate evidence on the pathophysiology,mechanisms,and clinical management of these adverse *** expect that this review will provide researchers and allied healthcare providers with the most up-to-date information on the pathophysiology,natural history,risk stratification,and management of emerging TKI-induced side effects in cancer patients.

关键词： clinical involvement organs

Timely loss recognition and termination of unprofitable projects

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2015年第3期8卷 147-167页

作者： Anup Srivastava shyam sunder Senyo Tse Tuck School of Business Dartmouth College University of Arizona Department of Accounting Department of Accounting Mays Business SchoolTexas A&M University

Ideally,firms should discontinue projects that become ***,however,continue to operate such projects because of their limited employment horizons and empire-building motivations(Jensen,1986; Ball,2001).Prior studies suggest that timely loss recognition in accounting earnings enables lenders,shareholders,and boards of directors to identify unprofitable projects; thereby,enabling them to force managers to discontinue such projects before large value erosion ***,this conjecture has not been tested *** with this notion,we find that timely loss recognition increases the likelihood of timely closures of unprofitable ***,managers,by announcing late discontinuations of such projects,reveal their inability to select good projects and/or to contain losses,when projects turn ***,thereafter,the fund providers and board of directors are likely to demand improved timeliness of loss recognition and stringent scrutiny of firms' capital expenditure ***,we find that firms that announce large discontinuation losses reduce capital expenditures and improve timeliness of loss recognition in subsequent *** study provides evidence that timely loss reporting affects "real" economic decisions and creates economic benefits.

关键词： Timely loss recognition Conditional conservatism A

An Efficient Long Short-Term Memory Model for Digital Cross-Language Summarization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6389-6409页

作者： Y.C.A.Padmanabha Reddy shyam sunder Reddy Kasireddy Nageswara Rao Sirisala Ramu Kuchipudi Purnachand Kollapudi Department of CSE B V Raju Institute of TechnologyNarsapurMedakT.S502313India Department of IT Vasavi College of EngineeringHyderabadT.S500089India Department of CSE K.S.R.M College of EngineeringKadapaA.P516003India Department of IT C.B.I.TGandipetHyderabadTelangana500075India

The rise of social networking enables the development of multilingual Internet-accessible digital documents in several *** digital document needs to be evaluated physically through the Cross-Language Text Summarization(CLTS)involved in the disparate and generation of the source ***-language document processing is involved in the generation of documents from disparate language sources toward targeted *** digital documents need to be processed with the contextual semantic data with the decoding *** paper presented a multilingual crosslanguage processing of the documents with the abstractive and summarising of the *** proposed model is represented as the Hidden Markov Model LSTM Reinforcement Learning(HMMlstmRL).First,the developed model uses the Hidden Markov model for the computation of keywords in the cross-language words for the *** the second stage,bi-directional long-short-term memory networks are used for key word extraction in the cross-language ***,the proposed HMMlstmRL uses the voting concept in reinforcement learning for the identification and extraction of the *** performance of the proposed HMMlstmRL is 2%better than that of the conventional bi-direction LSTM model.

关键词： Text summarization reinforcement learning hidden markov model cross-language multilingual

Elements of the Lattice Boltzmann Method I:Linear Advection Equation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2006年第4期1卷 616-655页

作者： Iliya V.Karlin Santosh Ansumali Christos E.Frouzakis shyam sunder Chikatamarla Institute of Energy Technology ETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798

This paper opens a series of papers aimed at finalizing the development of the lattice Boltzmann method for complex hydrodynamic *** lattice Boltzmann method is introduced at the elementary level of the linear advection *** are provided on lifting the target macroscopic equations to a kinetic equation,and,after that,to the fully discrete lattice Boltzmann *** over-relaxation method is put forward as a cornerstone of the second-order temporal discretization,and its enhancement with the use of the entropy estimate is explained in detail.A new asymptotic expansion of the entropy estimate is derived,and implemented in the sample *** is shown that the lattice Boltzmann method provides a computationally efficient way of numerically solving the advection equation with a controlled amount of numerical dissipation,while retaining positivity.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method implicit schemes advection entropy invariant manifold kinetic theory

Building Research Culture

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2008年第1期1卷 83-85页

作者： shyam sunder Yale School of Management

Business school faculty and administrators in Asia often ask their foreign colleagues:Why won’t your journals publish our research?What kind of research should we conduct in order to have the chance to have it publis... 详细信息

关键词： urgent chance conduct faculty arise questions inte

Should we redefi ne large common bile duct stone?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第4期14卷 651-652页

作者： shyam sunder Sharma Pankaj Jain Department of Gastroenterology SMS Medical College and Hospital JaipurJaipur-302021India

The definition of large stones is not clear ranging from 10 mm to 15 mm and does not include the lower common bile duct (CBD) diameter. Three hundred and four patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and stone extraction were retrospectively analyzed over a 1-year period. Sixteen patients were different from others in that 10 patients with large stones had stone extraction with a wire basket or a balloon catheter and 6 patients with small stones had stone extraction with mechanical lithotripsy. The defi nition of large stones should include diameter of the lower CBD and any stone in lower CBD with its diameter greater than 2 mm.

关键词： Large common bile duct stone Definition