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Summer marine heatwaves in the South China Sea:Trend,variability and possible causes

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第3期13卷 323-332页

作者： Hong-Jian TAN rong-shuo CAI Ren-Guang WU Third Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China School of Earth Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Marine heatwaves(MHWs)have been frequently observed worldwide,causing devastating impacts on marine organisms and ecosystems,but the trend of MHWs is still unclear in the South China Sea(SCS).Here,the long-term trend and inter-annual variability of the summer SCS MHW events are investigated based on the high-resolution daily satellite *** results revealed remarkable increases in the duration,intensity,coverage,and severity during 1982-2019,indicating that the SCS MHW events have become more frequent,intense,extensive,and *** probability ratio of SCS MHW events is four times during the 2010s of that during the *** increasing trend can be largely attributed to the long-term increase in the mean SCS *** inter-annual variability of the SCS MHWs is linked closely to the El Niño and Southern Oscillation,with more/less MHW events occurring during the following summer after the El Niño/La Niña events.A diagnosis of synoptic-scale heat budget suggests that the extreme SCS warming can be explained by the combined effects of positive surface heat flux largely due to the enhanced shortwave radiation and convergence of oceanic advection in association with an anomalous upper-ocean *** effect of surface heat flux seems to be predominant over the large spatial coverage,whereas oceanic heat transport is also important in some specific *** large-scale anticyclonic circulation anomalies over the northwestern Pacific accompanying the westward-extending western Pacific subtropical high during the El Niño decay summers play an essential role in the building-up and persistence of the extreme warming,which has important implications for the prediction of the SCS MHWs.

关键词： Marine heatwaves South China Sea El niño Northwestern pacific anticyclone

Causes of 2022 summer marine heatwave in the East China Seas

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第5期14卷 633-641页

作者： Hong-Jian TAN rong-shuo CAI Dong-Ping BAI Karim HILMI Kareem TONBOL Third Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China National de Recherche Halieutique Casablanca 20100Morocco College of Maritime Transport and Technology Arab Academy for ScienceTechnology&Maritime TransportAlexandria 1209Egypt

Recent occurrences of marine heatwaves(MHWs)in coastal China seas have caused serious impacts on marine ecosystem services and ***,the underlying physical process,including local drivers and remote associations,remains poorly understood,thereby hindering accurate *** this study,we reported an extreme MHW event in the East China Seas(ECSs,including the Bohai,Yellow,and East China Sea),lasting for 75 d with a maximum intensity of 1.96℃relative to 1982-2011 during the summer *** ECSs MHW event was triggered by a combination of anomalous atmospheric and oceanic conditions,including enhanced insolation,weakened surface wind speed,suppressed latent heat loss from ocean,a shallower mixed layer,and upper ocean current ***-layer temperature budget diagnosis suggested that changes in the ECSs temperature were dominated by the surface net heat flux,largely due to strong shortwave radiation flux,during the development and decay of the MHW *** advection also created favorable conditions for the maintenance of the *** physical drivers were further regulated by the westward expanded and intensified western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH),potentially linked to the negative phase of Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD).Despite the three years(2020-2022)consecutive La Niña events,the ECSs summer MHWs appeared to be more closely linked to negative IOD events,with a lagging period of 1-3 *** seasonal precursor signals of the negative IOD have the potential to affect local physical drivers of ECSs MHWs through regulating the strength and position of WPSH,thus serving as a promising predictor for the ECSs *** future likelihood and intensity of the ECSs MHWs are projected to increase substantially in the coming decades,largely due to broad-scale warming attributed to anthropogenic climate ***,there is an urgent need to develop MHW forecasting and early warning systems,and robust approaches to address climat

关键词： Marine heatwaves East China Seas Indian ocean dipole Western Pacific subtropical high

基于PLC的高内聚低耦合软件架构设计方法研究

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电子工业专用设备 2024年第3期53卷 60-63页

作者：高智刚姜慧慧田辉容烁中电科风华信息装备股份有限公司山西太原030032

PLC的编程方式逐渐由传统的梯形图编程升级到了基于OOP(面向对象)的模块化编程,虽然提高了程序编写的效率,但依然未形成架构设计的概念和遵循架构设计下的编程规范,导致团队赋能缺失,严重依赖个人能力,给项目运行带来不可追溯和不可预... 详细信息

PLC的编程方式逐渐由传统的梯形图编程升级到了基于OOP(面向对象)的模块化编程,虽然提高了程序编写的效率,但依然未形成架构设计的概念和遵循架构设计下的编程规范,导致团队赋能缺失,严重依赖个人能力,给项目运行带来不可追溯和不可预知的风险。“高内聚低耦合”的软件架构设计方法,重新定义了产品的研发模式;实现了从依赖个人能力、随机化和偶然性推出成功产品,到为团队赋能、制度化和持续性推出高质量产品的转变。

关键词：架构高内聚低耦合团队赋能架构设计文档

不同品种马铃薯幼苗对NaHCO_(3)胁迫的响应及耐碱能力指标筛选

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植物营养与肥料学报 2024年第4期30卷 745-756页

作者：逯春杏刘玉龙吴娟苑志强胡戎朔张胜王晓娇曹春梅张必周逯海林内蒙古农业大学内蒙古呼和浩特010018 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院内蒙古呼和浩特010030 扎赉特旗农牧和科技局内蒙古兴安盟扎赉特旗137600 呼伦贝尔市农牧技术推广中心内蒙古呼伦贝尔021008 商都县科学技术事业发展中心内蒙古乌兰察布商都县013450

[目的]探究不同马铃薯品种对NaHCO_(3)胁迫的响应机制,为选育耐碱性较强的马铃薯品种提供理论依据。[方法]以V_(7)、后旗红、克新1号、兴佳2号、荷兰15号、康尼贝克6个品种马铃薯为研究对象,以1/2霍格兰(Hoagland)营养液为母液进行了水... 详细信息

[目的]探究不同马铃薯品种对NaHCO_(3)胁迫的响应机制,为选育耐碱性较强的马铃薯品种提供理论依据。[方法]以V_(7)、后旗红、克新1号、兴佳2号、荷兰15号、康尼贝克6个品种马铃薯为研究对象,以1/2霍格兰(Hoagland)营养液为母液进行了水培试验。营养液设置6个NaHCO_(3)浓度,分别为0、10、20、30、40、50 mmol/L,选择出苗后7天的马铃薯幼苗,缓苗3天后进行碱胁迫处理。胁迫处理7天后,调查马铃薯幼苗株高、茎粗、主根长,分析叶片含氮量和叶绿素相对含量,分析根系脯氨酸含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性等11项生理指标。[结果]随着碱胁迫浓度的增加,各品种马铃薯幼苗生长受到不同程度的影响,在碱浓度30、40、50 mmol/L胁迫处理下,V_(7)根长较0 mmol/L处理分别增加了54.37%、46.04%、25.58%,其余5个品种根长均显著低于0 mmol/L。50 mmol/L胁迫处理下,各品种株高、茎粗均显著低于碱浓度0 mmol/L处理。各品种叶片含氮量、叶绿素相对含量随胁迫浓度增加呈现不同的变化趋势,V_(7)、后旗红、克新1号叶片含氮量均在40 mmol/L处理下达到峰值,兴佳2号叶绿素相对含量在50mmol/L处理下达到峰值,而荷兰15号、康尼贝克叶片含氮量、叶绿素相对含量均在50mmol/L处理达到最小值。各品种幼苗根系活力呈先增后降的趋势,碱浓度40 mmol/L胁迫处理下,V_(7)、后旗红根系活力显著高于0mmol/L,而荷兰15号的降幅达80%以上。各品种幼苗根系中丙二醛含量随胁迫程度加剧而增加,但V_(7)的丙二醛含量始终低于其他品种。各品种幼苗根系CAT活性、SOD活性均呈先升后降变化趋势,其中V_(7)、后旗红、克新1号、兴佳2号的CAT活性、SOD活性高于康尼贝克和荷兰15号。利用主成分分析计算得到5个特征值>1的归一化指标,其对碱胁迫抗性的累积贡献率达80.07%,符合主成分分析要求,因此将11个指标转化为7项生理指标,包括:株高、茎粗、叶片含氮量、叶绿素相对含量、脯氨酸含量、POD活性、CAT活性。[结论]株高、茎粗、叶片含氮量、叶绿素相对含量、脯氨酸含量、POD活性、CAT活性这7项生理指标可作为马铃薯耐碱性能力强弱的评价指标。综合各项指标筛选出耐碱能力较强的品种为V_(7),后旗红、克新1号、兴佳2号耐碱能力中等,康尼贝克与荷兰15号耐碱性较弱。

关键词：马铃薯 NaHCO_(3)胁迫耐碱性耐碱能力指标

RNA interference to reveal roles of β-N-acetylglucosaminidase gene during molting process in Locusta migratoria

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Insect Science 2013年第1期20卷 109-119页

作者： shuo rong Da-Qi Li Xue-Yao Zhang Sheng Li Kun Yan Zhu Ya-Ping Guo En-Bo Ma Jian-Zhen Zhang Research Institute of Appfied Biology Shanxi University Taiyuan Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Department of Entomology 123 Waters Hall Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA

β-N-acetylglucosaminidases are crucial enzymes involved in chitin degrada- tion in insects. We identified a β-N-acetylglucosaminidase gene （LmNAG1） from Locusta migratoria. The full-length complementary DNA （cDNA） of LmNAG1 consists of 2 667 nucleotides, including an open reading frame （ORF） of 1 845 nucleotides encoding 614 amino acid residues, and 233- and 589-nucleotide non-coding regions at the 5＇- and 3＇- ends, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the cDNA-deduced LmNAG1 protein with the enzymatically characterized β-N-acetylglucosaminidases in group I. Analyses of stage- and tissue-dependent expression patterns of LmNAG1 were carried out by real- time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Our results showed that LmNAG1 transcript level in the integument was significantly high in the last 2 days of the fourth and fifth instar nymphs. LmNAG1 was highly expressed in foregut and hindgut. RNA interference of LmNAG1 resulted in an effective silence of the gene and a significantly reduced total LmNAG enzyme activity at 48 and 72 h after the injection of LmNAG1 double-stranded RNA （dsRNA）. As compared with the control nymphs injected with GFP dsRNA, 50% of the dsLmNAGl-injected nymphs were not able to molt successfully and eventually died. Our results suggest that LmNAG1 plays an essential role in molting process ofL. migratoria.

关键词： β-N-acetylglucosaminidase chitin degradation Locusta migratoria RNA interference

Isorhamnetin Downregulates MMP2 and MMP9 to Inhibit Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis through SRC/ERK/CREB Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 299-310页

作者： LIU Xiao-rong LI shuo-fu MEI Wen-ya LIU Xiang-dan ZHOU Ri-bao College of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha(410208)China Department of Orthopaedics The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha(410007)China

Objective To investigate the effect of isorhamnetin on the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS)was exposed to additional isorhamnetin(10,20 and 40µmol/L).Overexpression vectors for matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP2)or MMP9 or SRC were transfected to explore their roles in isorhamnetin-mediated RA-FLS ***-FLS viability,migration,and invasion were ***,a collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model was *** were randomly divided to sham,CIA,low-,medium-,and high-dosage groups using a random number table(n=5 in each group)and administed with normal saline or additional isorhamnetin[2,10,and 20 mg/(kg·day)]for 4 weeks,*** index was calculated and synovial tissue inflammation was determined in CIA *** levels of MMP2,MMP9,TNF-α,interleukin-6(IL-6),and IL-1β,as well as the phosphorylation levels of SRC,extracellular regulated kinase(ERK),and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding(CREB),were detected in RA-FLS and synovial *** docking was also used to analyze the binding of isorhamnetin to *** In in vitro studies,isorhamnetin inhibited RA-FLS viability,migration and invasion(P<0.05).Isorhamnetin downregulated the levels of MMP2,MMP9,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1βin RA-FLS(P<0.05).The overexpression of either MMP2 or MMP9 reversed isorhamnetin-inhibited RA-FLS migration and invasion,as well as the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β(P<0.05).Furthermore,isorhamnetin bound to SRC and reduced the phosphorylation of SRC,ERK,and CREB(P<0.05).SRC overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of isorhamnetin on RA-FLS viability,migration and invasion,as well as the negative regulation of MMP2 and MMP9(P<0.05).In in vivo studies,isorhamnetin decreased arthritis index scores(P<0.05)and alleviated synovial *** reduced the levels of MMP2,MMP9,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β,as well as the phosphorylation of SRC,ERK,and CRE

关键词： rheumatoid arthritis isorhamnetin SRC/ERK/CREB matrix metalloproteinase

Visible-Light-Driven Four-Component Radical Relay Aminocarbonylation of Unactivated Alkenes

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第9期42卷 990-996页

作者： Bin Lu Feng-shuo Bao Zi-Wei He Wen-Jing Xiao Jia-rong Chen Engineering Research Center of Photoenergy Utilization for Pollution Control and Carbon Reduction College of ChemistryCentralChina Normal University152 Luoyu RoadWuhanHubei 430079China Wuhan Institute of Photochemistry and Technology 7North Bingang RoadWuhanHubei 430083China Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouJiangxi 341000China

Catalytic four-component radical carbonylation of unactivated alkenes has recently been recognized as a robust protocol for rapid construction of various structurally diverse carbonyl *** the significance of fluorine-containing groups,this reaction class has been extensively applied to assembly of a variety of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid derivatives by transition metal ***,we report a visible-light-driven radical relay 1,2-perfluoroalkylation aminocarbonylation of unactivated alkenes using CO gas as carbonyl source and 4CzIPN as organic photocatalyst.A wide range of alkenes and amines were well tolerated,providing the valuableβ-perfluoroalkylated amides with generally good yields and high chemoselectivity.

关键词： Visible light Photoredox catalysis Radical aminocarbonylation Multicomponent reaction Carbon monoxide Unactivated alkenes AmidesIReactionmechanisms

Emergency physicians’ occupational risks in China

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 232-234页

作者： Huaying Jiang Jia Chang rong Huang Xiayi Liang Manning Song Hejing Yuan shuo Wang School of Chinese Materia Medica Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100105China Operation Room Beijing Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020China School of Marxism Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100105China Department of Infectious Diseases(Fever Clinic) Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100010China

With the rapid development of emergency medicine,emergency physicians are working around the clock,[1]including additional workloads due to sudden public health emergencies and *** risks for emergency physicians are s... 详细信息

关键词： physician acute occupational

Hierarchical crystalline-amorphous nanocomposites with high strength and large deformability enabled by elemental diffusion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 150-161页

作者： Liqiang Wang Heyi Wang Xin Zhou Huangliu Fu James Utama Surjadi shuo Qu Xu Song rong Fan Yang Lu Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Nano-Manufacturing Laboratory(NML) Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong KongShenzhen 518057China Chengdu Research Institute City University of Hong KongChengdu 610200China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Amorphous/nanocrystalline dual-phase structures have recently emerged as an effective way for over-coming the strength-ductility trade-offand breaking the limitation of the reverse Hall-Petch ***,we proposed a new strategy to develop a hierarchical and interconnected amorphous-crystalline nanocomposite arising from the nanoscale elemental interdiffusion and oxygen adsorption behavior dur-ing thermal treatment *** nanocomposite consisted of a three-dimensional(3D)hierarchical network structure where the crystalline phase(Cr-Co-Ni-Al)was embedded into the Al-O-based amor-phous phase network with critical feature sizes encompassing three orders of magnitude(from microm-eter to nanometer scale).It can achieve ultrahigh compression yield strength of-3.6 GPa with large homogeneous deformation of over 50%*** massive interstitial atoms induced lattice distortion and hierarchical amorphous phase boundary contributed to the strength *** situ Uniaxial compression inside a transmission electron microscope(TEM)revealed that the exceptional deformability of the nanocomposites resulted from the homogenous plastic flow of nano-sized amorphous phase and the plastic co-deformation behavior restricted by the nano-architected dual-phase *** proposed dual-phase synthesis approach can outperform conventional nanolaminates design strategies in terms of the mechanical properties achievable while providing a pathway to easily tune the microstructure of these nanolaminates.

关键词： Nanolaminates Dual-phase nanocomposites In situ transmission electron microscopy Multi-component alloy