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An improved estimation of distribution algorithm for multi-compartment electric vehicle routing problem

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2021年第2期32卷 365-379页

作者： shen Yindong PENG liwen li Jingpeng Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and AutomationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Division of Computing Science and Mathematics University of StirlingStirling FK94LAUK

The multi-compartment electric vehicle routing problem(EVRP)with soft time window and multiple charging types(MCEVRP-STW&MCT)is studied,in which electric multi-compartment vehicles that are environmentally friendly but need to be recharged in course of transport process,are employed.A mathematical model for this optimization problem is established with the objective of minimizing the function composed of vehicle cost,distribution cost,time window penalty cost and charging service *** solve the problem,an estimation of the distribution algorithm based on Lévy flight(EDA-LF)is proposed to perform a local search at each iteration to prevent the algorithm from falling into local *** results demonstrate that the EDA-LF algorithm can find better solutions and has stronger robustness than the basic EDA *** addition,when comparing with existing algorithms,the result shows that the EDA-LF can often get better solutions in a relatively short time when solving medium and large-scale *** experiments show that using electric multi-compartment vehicles to deliver incompatible products can produce better results than using traditional fuel vehicles.

关键词： multi-compartment vehicle routing problem electric vehicle routing problem(EVRP) soft time window multiple charging type estimation of distribution algorithm(EDA) Lévy flight

SIMPliFIED MODEL AND ITS APPliCATION FOR WAVEMAKING INDUCED BY EXPLOSION

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 1995年第1期7卷 33-44页

作者： shen, Guoguang li, Dejun Tianjin Univ Tianjin China

This paper pays attention to the analysis of overall macroscopic process of wavemaking induced by explosion. Based on establishing the simplified model and MAC method, the numerical simulations for formulating crater induced by touching water surface explosion, the bubble jumping out of the water surface induced by underwater explosion as well as hollow column formation for large equivalent explosion etc were carried out. In order to predict the wave field, the scheme simulated by falling and evoluting of an ″equivalent cylinder″ were proposed. In addition to researching the wavemaking response in a harbour, two joining methods in time domain were presented. The results indicate that the model and numerical methods are feasible.

关键词： Bubbles (in fluids) Computer simulation Explosion testing Mathematical models Surface waves

Improved Cubemap model for 3D navigation in geo-virtual reality

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第11期8卷 877-900页

作者： Qishen Duan Jianhua Gong Wenhang li shen shen Rong li State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Zhejiang&CAS Application Centre for Geoinformatics ZhejiangChina

Due to advances in rendering techniques and hardware capability,stereoscopic 3D(s3D)visualization is becoming increasingly common in daily ***,this does not change the fact that stereo effects and visual comfort depend greatly on how the related parameters are controlled during the production of the s3D *** geovirtual reality systems,which are important browsers for Digital Earth,the maintenance of these parameters is deeply related to the navigation ***,the navigation method in such systems requires special *** paper presents a new flying method based on a Cubemap *** method defines a Vehicle model and modifies the original Cubemap structure by adding a front view camera during the navigation;it allows the users to fly through a virtual geographic environment with automatic speed control,smooth collision resolution,and dynamic adjustment of the s3D-related parameters.A user test was conducted to compare this new method with the original method based on the Cubemap *** results show that the new method performs better than the former one for it provides a convenient interaction experience with improved stereoscopic effect,and diminishes visual discomfort.

关键词： virtual reality navigation Digital Earth virtual geographic environment

The Support of a Refinable Vector Satisfying an Inhomogeneous Refinement Equation

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第4期26卷 691-698页

作者： Song li Yi shen Department of Mathematics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China

In this paper, we investigate the support of a refinable vector satisfying an inhomoge- neous refinement equation. By using some methods introduced by So and Wang, an estimate is given for the support of each component function of a compactly supported refinable vector satisfying an inhomogeneous matrix refinement equation with finitely supported masks.

关键词： support inhomogeneous refnement equation refinable vector

Writing perovskite optoelectronic devices with ballpoint pens

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Science China Materials 2023年第10期66卷 4135-4136页

作者： Ying li Guozhen shen School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Institute of Flexible Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 102488China

Flexible optoelectronic devices have wide application prospects in wearable and portable electronic products because of their advantages of high power per unit weight,high flexibility and low cost[1,2].Traditional preparation processes of flexible device such as spin-coating,vacuum-based evaporation/sputtering and etching,yield high reproducibility and device performance[3,4].

关键词： perovskite optoelectronic portable

Generalization of CS condition

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2017年第1期12卷 199-208页

作者： liang shen Wenxi li Department of Mathematics Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China Department of Mathematics and Physics Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan 243002 China

Let R be an associative ring with identity. An R-module M is called an NCS module if l（M）∩y（M） = {0}, where l（M） and y（M） denote the set of all closed submodules and the set of all small submodules of M, respectively. It is clear that the NCS condition is a generalization of the well-known CS condition. Properties of the NCS conditions of modules and rings are explored in this article. In the end, it is proved that a ring R is right ∑-CS if and only if R is right perfect and right countably ∑-NCS. Recall that a ring R is called right ∑-CS if every direct sum of copies of RR is a CS module. And a ring R is called right countably ∑-NCS if every direct sum of countable copies of RR is an NCS module.

关键词： NCS modules NCS rings CS rings ∑-CS rings countably ∑-NCS rings

Difficulties in probing density dependent symmetry potential with the HBT interferometry

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第10期52卷 1530-1535页

作者： li QingFeng shen CaiWan School of Science Huzhou Teachers CollegeHuzhou 313000China

Based on the updated UrQMD transport model,the effect of the symmetry potential energy on the two-nucleon HBT correlation is investigated with the help of the coalescence program for constructing clusters,and the CRAB analyzing program of the two-particle HBT *** obvious nonlinear dependence of the neutron-proton(or neutron-neutron) HBT correlation function(Cnp,nn) at small relative momenta on the stiffness factor γ of the symmetry potential energy is found:when γ 0.8,Cnp,nn increases rapidly with increasing γ,while it starts to saturate if γ *** is also found that both the symmetry potential energy at low densities and the conditions of constructing clusters at the late stage of the whole process influence the two-nucleon HBT correlation with the same power.

关键词： density dependence of the symmetry energy sensitive observables HBT correlation

Rapid Characterization of Woody Biomass Digestibility and Chemical Composition Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第2期53卷 166-175页

作者： shen Hou Laigeng li Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences the ChineseAcademy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

Rapid determination of the properties of lignocellulosic material is highly desirable for biomass produc- tion and utilization. In the present study, measurements of woody biomass digestibility and chemical composition using near-infrared reflectance （NIR） spectroscopy were calibrated. Poplar and eucalyptus materials were recorded in NIR spectrum as well as determined for their chemical compositions of Klason lignin, a-cellulose, holocellulose, lignin syringyl/guaiacyl （S/G） ratio and enzymatic digestibility. Fitting of the NIR information with chemical properties and digestibility by partial least-squares （PLS） regression generated a group of trained NIR models that were able to be used for rapid biomass measurement. Applying the models for woody biomass measurements led to a reliable evaluation of the chemical composition and digestibility, suggesting the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy in the rapid characterization of biomass properties.

关键词： BIOMASS energy liGNOCELLULOSE NEAR infrared spectroscopy BIODEGRADATION LEAST squares REGRESSION analysis MATHEMATICAL models

Enhancing the environmental durability and flexibility of polymer electronics through nanostructured molecular-level protection tethered to surfaces

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Science China Materials 2023年第8期66卷 3375-3376页

作者： Yang li Guozhen shen School of Microelectronics Shandong UniversityJinan 250101China School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Flexible,biocompatible,and stretchable epidermal electronic devices possess remarkable capability to seamlessly interface with bionic biological systems and maintain reliable operation even during continuous body movements[1,2].Consequently,they hold immense promise for advanced wearable and implantable applications,encompassing real-time health monitoring,robotic intelligent sensing,and metaverse technologies.

关键词： durability maintain interface