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口服降糖药治疗效果不佳的2型糖尿病患者转换为德谷胰岛素利拉鲁肽注射液治疗2例

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中华糖尿病杂志 2024年第Z1期16卷 140-142页

作者：于海莲徐淑敏曹文于清邓玉杰王萍青岛大学附属医院内分泌与代谢性疾病科青岛

报道2例在青岛大学附属医院内分泌与代谢性疾病科门诊就诊的2例2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者, 由口服降糖药调整为德谷胰岛素利拉鲁肽注射液治疗取得了良好的效果。例1为55岁女性, 主因发现血糖升高1个月就诊。患者于1个月前发现空腹血糖达11.83... 详细信息

报道2例在青岛大学附属医院内分泌与代谢性疾病科门诊就诊的2例2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者, 由口服降糖药调整为德谷胰岛素利拉鲁肽注射液治疗取得了良好的效果。例1为55岁女性, 主因发现血糖升高1个月就诊。患者于1个月前发现空腹血糖达11.83 mmol/L, 给予二甲双胍格列吡嗪片1片(2次/d)联合达格列净10 mg(1次/d)治疗1个月, 仍血糖控制不佳, 糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)9.5%。患者体重指数(BMI)28.04 kg/m2。谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GADA)、胰岛素自身抗体(IAA)及胰岛细胞抗体(ICA)均阴性。例2为62岁男性, 有T2DM病史8年, 服用二甲双胍500 mg(3次/d)+达格列净10 mg(1次/d)+阿卡波糖50 mg(3次/d)血糖控制不佳, HbA1c 7.3%。BMI 28.55 kg/m2, GADA、IAA、ICA均阴性, 尿白蛋白/肌酐比值108.6 mg/g。对2例患者进行宣教, 进行生活方式干预。调整治疗方案为:口服二甲双胍缓释片1 000 mg(2次/d)+达格列净10 mg(1次/d), 德谷胰岛素利拉鲁肽注射液10剂量单位(1次/d)起始皮下注射, 并根据血糖调整德谷胰岛素利拉鲁肽注射液剂量分别为14、16剂量单位(1次/d)皮下注射, 治疗1个月, 2例患者自测空腹血糖维持在6～7 mmol/L, 餐后血糖维持在7～10 mmol/L。治疗3个月, 患者血糖控制良好, 体重分别减轻1.5、0.9 kg。

关键词：糖尿病, 2型德谷胰岛素利拉鲁肽注射液口服降糖药

儿童Omicron变异株相关严重神经系统并发症临床及影像分析

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临床放射学杂志 2024年第3期43卷 431-437页

作者：徐淑敏林洁琼魏锋谭伟婷李鹏杨卫国曾洪武深圳市儿童医院放射科 518038 深圳市儿童医院PICU科 518038

目的分析新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株相关严重神经系统并发症的临床和影像学特征,提升对该病的认识。方法回顾分析2022年12月至2023年1月深圳市儿童医院PICU收治的17例COVID-19感染且有严重神经系统并发症患儿的临床及影像学数据。根... 详细信息

目的分析新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株相关严重神经系统并发症的临床和影像学特征,提升对该病的认识。方法回顾分析2022年12月至2023年1月深圳市儿童医院PICU收治的17例COVID-19感染且有严重神经系统并发症患儿的临床及影像学数据。根据预后分为死亡组与生存组,定性资料组间对比采用卡方检验,定量资料采用t检验(正态分布)或秩和检验(偏态分布)。结果死亡组10例,急性暴发性脑水肿(AFCE)5例、急性坏死性脑病(ANE)4例、脑炎1例;生存组7例,ANE 3例,脑炎4例。影像结果死亡组脑干受累比例明显高于生存组(P=0.009)。实验室检查结果,死亡组降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸基转移酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、D-二聚体(D-D)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原降解产物(FDP)均高于生存组(P<0.05)。死亡组并发脑疝、多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)、心肌损伤、呼衰和弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)的比例明显高于生存组(P<0.05)。结论儿童Omicron变异株相关严重神经系统并发症死亡率高,发热起病的儿童迅速出现抽搐、意识障碍,需高度警惕并发ANE和AFCE,延髓受累是AFCE的重要特点。

关键词： Omicron变异株急性坏死性脑病急性暴发性脑水肿脑炎

经括约肌间结扎联合拖线置管术治疗肛周脓肿的临床效果观察

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结直肠肛门外科 2024年第2期30卷 196-201页

作者：许淑敏王群博蒋伟冬董青军王琛上海中医药大学附属龙华医院肛肠科上海200032

目的观察经括约肌间结扎联合拖线置管术治疗肛周脓肿的临床效果。方法纳入2019年12月至2021年6月上海中医药大学附属龙华医院肛肠科确诊的80例肛周脓肿患者作为研究对象,随机分为治疗组(n=40,采用经括约肌间结扎联合拖线置管术治疗)与... 详细信息

目的观察经括约肌间结扎联合拖线置管术治疗肛周脓肿的临床效果。方法纳入2019年12月至2021年6月上海中医药大学附属龙华医院肛肠科确诊的80例肛周脓肿患者作为研究对象,随机分为治疗组(n=40,采用经括约肌间结扎联合拖线置管术治疗)与对照组(n=40,采用切开引流术治疗)。观察记录两组肛瘘形成情况,临床疗效,拖线、置管情况,术后第1、第3天并发症情况【包括创面疼痛程度(视觉模拟评分)、创面渗出物(创面渗出物评分)和发热情况(发热评分)】,肛门功能,创面愈合时间,住院费用,以及住院时间。结果治疗组的肛瘘形成率(25%vs.52.5%)低于对照组,置管患者比例高于对照组(67.5%vs.42.5%),肛管静息压【(62.9±8.9)mmHg vs.(49.2±9.5)mmHg】高于对照组,创面愈合时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组总有效率均为100%,治疗组的临床疗效优于对照组(P0.05)。术后第3天,两组创面渗出物评分及发热评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗组的视觉模拟评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论经括约肌间结扎联合拖线置管术是一种治疗肛周脓肿的安全有效的全括约肌保留术式,能有效地降低术后肛瘘形成的概率,减少术后并发症,加速创面愈合,节省医疗资源,值得临床推广应用。

关键词：肛周脓肿经括约肌间结扎拖线和置管全括约肌保留

Diversity,community structure,and quantity of eukaryotic phytoplankton revealed using 18S rRNA and plastid 16S rRNA genes and pigment markers:a case study of the Pearl River Estuary

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2023年第3期5卷 415-430页

作者： shumin xu Guihao Li Cui He Yi Huang Dan Yu Huiwen Deng Zhuyin Tong Yichong Wang Christine Dupuy Bangqin Huang Zhuo Shen Jie xu Jun Gong School of Marine Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhuhai Campus)and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering Guangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China BIOFEEL UMRi LIENSsLa Rochelle Université/CNRSLa RochelleFrance Centre for Regional Oceans Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina

Understanding consistencies and discrepancies in characterizing diversity and quantity of phytoplankton is essential for better modeling ecosystem *** this study,eukaryotic phytoplankton in the Pearl River Estuary,South China Sea were investigated using nuclear 18S rRNA and plastid 16S or 23S rRNA genes and pigment *** was found that 18S abundance poorly explained the variations in total chlorophyll a(Chl-a).However,the ratios of log-transformed 18S abundance to Chl-a in the major phytoplankton groups were generally environment dependent,suggesting that the ratio has potential as an indicator of the physiological state of *** richness of 18S-based operational taxonomic units was positively correlated with the richness of 16S-based amplicon sequence variants of the whole phytoplankton community,but insignifcant or weak for individual phytoplankton ***,the 18S based,rather than the 16S based,community structure had a greater similarity to pigment-based *** to the pigment data,the proportion of haptophytes in the 18S dataset,and diatoms and cryptophytes in the 16S dataset,were *** study highlights that 18S metabarcoding tends to refect biomass-based community organization of eukaryotic *** there were lower copy numbers of plastid 16S than 18S per genome,metabarcoding of 16S probably approximates cell abundance-based community *** in biomass organization of the pigment-based community were sensitive to environmental *** together,multiple methodologies are recommended to be applied to more accurately profle the diversity and community composition of phytoplankton in natural ecosystems.

关键词： Accessory pigments Chloroplast Marker gene Metabarcoding Phytoplankton

Frontiers and future perspectives of neuroimmunology

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 206-217页

作者： Hai Qi shumin Duan Yanying xu Hongliang Zhang School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310014China Department of Life Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing 100085China

Neuroimmunology is an interdisciplinary branch of biomedical science that emerges from the intersection of studies on the nervous system and the immune *** complex interplay between the two systems has long been *** efforts directed at the underlying functional interface and associated pathophysiology,however,have garnered attention only in recent *** this narrative review,we highlight significant advances in research on neuroimmune interplay and modulation.A particular focus is on early-and middle-career neuroimmunologists in China and their achievements in frontier areas of"neuroimmune interface","neuro-endocrine-immune network and modulation","neuroimmune interactions in diseases","meningeal lymphatic and glymphatic systems in health and disease",and"tools and methodologies in neuroimmunology research".Key scientific questions and future directions for potential breakthroughs in neuroimmunology research are proposed.

关键词： Neuroimmunology Neuroimmune interplay Neuro-endocrine-immune network Basic research Key scientific questions

High-rate CH_(4)-to-C_(2)H_(6) photoconversion enabled by Au/ZnO porous nanosheets under oxygen-free system

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 869-875页

作者： Kai Zheng Xiaojing Zhang Jun Hu Chengbin xu Juncheng Zhu Jing Li Mingyu Wu Shan Zhu Li Li shumin Wang Yumei Lv Xin He Ming Zuo Chengyuan Liu Yang Pan Junfa Zhu Yongfu Sun Yi Xie Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale National Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute Hefei 230601China

Photocatalytic CH_(4) coupling into high-valued C_(2)H_(6) is highly attractive,whereas the photosynthetic rate,especially under oxygen-free system,is still ***,we designed the negatively charged metal supported on metal oxide nanosheets to activate the inert C-H bond in CH_(4)and hence accelerate CH_(4) coupling *** an example,the synthetic Au/ZnO porous nanosheets exhibit the C_(2)H_(6) photosynthetic rate of 1,121.6μmol g^(-1)_(cat)h^(-1)and the CH_(4) conversion rate of 2,374.6μmol g^(-1)_(cat)h^(-1) under oxygen-free system,2 orders of magnitude higher than those of previously reported *** virtue of several in situ spectroscopic techniques,it is established that the generated Au^(δ-)and O^-species together polarized the C-H bond,while the Au^(δ-)and O^-species jointly stabilized the CH_(3) intermediates,which favored the coupling of CH_(3) intermediate to photosynthesize C_(2)H_(6) instead of overoxidation into CO_(x).Thus,the design of dual active species is beneficial for achieving high-efficient CH_(4)-to-C_(2)H_(6) photoconversion.

关键词： dual surface-active sites selective methane coupling ethane room temperature

An in-depth understanding of the role and mechanisms of T cells in immune organ aging and age-related diseases

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Yudai xu Zijian Wang shumin Li Jun Su Lijuan Gao Junwen Ou Zhanyi Lin Oscar Junhong Luo Chanchan Xiao Guobing Chen Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine Institute of Geriatric Immunology School of Medicine Jinan University Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University) Ministry of Education Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Great Bay Area Geroscience Joint Laboratory School of Medicine Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital Jinan University Anti Aging Medical Center Clifford Hospital Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences) Southern Medical University Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences School of Medicine Jinan University The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Dongguan Eastern Central Hospital) Jinan University Zhuhai Institute of Jinan University Jinan University

T cells play a critical and irreplaceable role in maintaining overall health. However, their functions undergo alterations as individuals age. It is of utmost importance to comprehend the specific characteristics of T-cell aging, as this knowledge is crucial for gaining deeper insights into the pathogenesis of aging-related diseases and developing effective therapeutic strategies. In this review, we have thoroughly examined the existing studies on the characteristics of immune organ aging. Furthermore, we elucidated the changes and potential mechanisms that occur in T cells during the aging process. Additionally, we have discussed the latest research advancements pertaining to T-cell agingrelated diseases. These findings provide a fresh perspective for the study of T cells in the context of aging.

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Riverine sulfate sources and behaviors in arid environment,Northwest China:Constraints from sulfur and oxygen isotopes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 716-731页

作者： Yifu xu Wenjing Liu Bing xu Zhifang xu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The fate of riverine sulfate ion (SO_(4)^(2-)) and its environmental effects in arid environment are difficult to evaluate due to its complicated sources and strongly coupled behaviors with water cycle which is significantly modified by *** understand the sulfur cycle in aquatic systems in arid environment,the chemical and sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions (δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)) of major rivers around the Badain Jaran Desert,northwestern China,were *** rivers had averaged SO_(4)^(2-)content at 1336μmol/L,over 10times higher than the global *** δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)values ranged from-5.3‰to+11.8‰and+1.6‰to+12.8‰,*** end-member analysis and the inverse model showed that riverine sulfate was mainly derived from evaporites dissolution (0-87%),sulfide oxidation (13%-100%) and precipitation (0-33%),indicating heterogeneity in sulfur sources and behaviors along the river drainage with the lithology variations and climate *** isotopic tools combining with hydro-chemistry compositions could be applied to reveal sulfur cycle in arid *** on the calculation,sulfide oxidation plays the primary role in the headwater and upstream in the Qilian-Mountains area,where sulfide is widely *** the proportion of evaporites dissolution contributing to riverine sulfate is much higher in downstream in a drier ***,less precipitation and higher temperature can lead to more intensive evaporation,affecting the process of sulfide oxidation and enhancing the rates of evaporites dissolution and sulfate precipitation in the basin.

关键词： Sulfur and oxygen isotopes Source apportionment Inverse model Arid environment Inland rivers Northwestern China

Laboratory evaluation of high-friction thin overlays for pavement preservation

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 936-948页

作者： Ouming xu Rentao xu Lintong JIN School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710061China

Traditional asphalt concrete(AC)and stone matrix asphalt(SMA),which are used as thin asphalt overlays,are common maintenance strategies to enhancing ride quality,skid resistance,and ***,several studies have used a novel asphalt mixture known as a high-friction thin overlay(HFTO)to improve surface ***,it remains uncertain whether the laboratory properties of HFTO differ significantly from those of conventional *** study aims to evaluate the laboratory properties of HFTO mixtures and compare them with those of AC and *** mixtures with nominal maximum size of 9.5 mm were produced in the laboratory,and performance tests were conducted,including wheel tracking test,low temperature flexural creep test,moisture susceptibility test,Cantabro Abrasion Test,Marshall Test,sand patch test,British pendulum test,and indoor tire-rollingdown *** results showed that the HFTO exhibited a lower tire/pavement noise than the AC and ***,HFTO had superior high-temperature stability,larger macro texture,and higher skid resistance in comparison to those of AC,but lower than those of ***,HFTO mixtures may be considered a suitable replacement for traditional AC mixtures in regions where skid resistance and noise reduction are concerns.

关键词： road engineering pavement maintenance high friction thin overlay performance skid resistance tire/pavement noise