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Effects of Gaussian filter in processing GRACE data: Gravity rate of change at Lhasa,southern Tibet

Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第9期54卷 1378-1385页

作者： SUN WenKe HASEGAWA Takashi ZHANG XinLin FUKUDA Yoichi shum C. K. WANG Lei Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Geophysics Kyoto University Japan Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo Japan Division of Geodetic Science School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University OH 43210-1398 USA

In this paper, the spatial gravity distribution over Tibetan Plateau and the gravity rate of change at Lhasa for different Gaussian filter radii are computed using GRACE data. Results show that the estimate of the gravity rate of change is spatialradius-dependent of the Ganssian filter. The GRACE-estimated gravity rate of change agrees well with the surface measured one. In other words, the GRACE-estimated gravity rate of change has a limited value as that obtained by surface measurement when the spatial filter radius reaches zero. Then numerical simulations are made for different spatial radii of the Gaussian filter to investigate its behaviors when applied to surface signals. Results show that the estimate of a physical signal is filter-radius dependent. If the computing area is equal to or less than the mass area, especially for a uniformly distributed mass, the estimate gives an almost correct result, no matter what filter radius is used. The estimate has large error because of the signal leakage caused by harmonic truncation if the computing area is much bigger than the mass distribution （or inverse for a small mass anomaly）. If a mass anomaly is too small, it is difficult to recover it from space observation unless the filter radius is extremely small. If the computing point （or area） is outside the mass distribution, the estimated result is almost zero, particularly for small filter radii. These properties of the Gaussian filter are helpful in applying GRACE data in different geophysical problems with different spatial position and geometrical size. We further discuss physical sources causing the scalar gravity change at Lhasa. Discussions indicate that the gravity rate of change at Lhasa is not caused by the present-day ice melting （PDIM）（or Little Ice Age, LIA） effect because no ice melting occurs in Lhasa city and nearby. The gravity rate of change is attributable mainly to tectonic deformation associated with the Indian Plate collision. Simultaneous surf

关键词： gravity change GRACE Gaussian filter Tibetan Plateau Lhasa

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Knowledge of aflatoxin contamination in groundnut and the risk of its ingestion among health workers in Ibadan,Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第6期1卷 493-495页

作者： Ilesanmi FF Ilesanmi os Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute Department of Community Medicine University College Hospital

Objective:To assess the awareness and knowledge of aflatoxin contamination in groundnut and the risk of its ingestion among health workers in ***:The study was a descriptive cross-sectional *** instrument was a semi-structured self administered questionnaire. The respondents were health workers from a public health ***:A total of 417 health workers participated out of which males were 60.2%.The mean age of respondents was(28.0±4.9) years *** made up 83.0%while others were nurses.95%of the respondents had previous awareness of aflatoxin and class room lectures was the most common source of information(56%).Occupation and religion both showed a significant association with previous awareness of aflatoxin(Pall,80.6%had good scores of 11 to *** of the respondents had ever told their patients about the risk of aflatoxin ingestion. Conclusions:There is a need to explore the possibility of incorporating aflatoxin awareness into routine health talk to increase the level of awareness of patients and their relatives.

关键词： Mycotoxins Groundnut Contamination Health risks Ingestion Neoplasm Aflatoxin

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High-risk symptoms and quantitative faecal immunochemical test accuracy: Systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第19期25卷 2383-2401页

作者： Noel Pin Vieito Sara Zarraqui?os Joaquín Cubiella Department of Gastroenterology Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur Department of Biochemistry Genetics and Immunology Faculty of Biology University of Vigo

BACKGROUND The quantitative faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin(FIT) has been revealed to be highly accurate for colorectal cancer(CRC) detection not only in a screening setting, but also in the assessment of patients presenting lower bowel symptoms. Therefore, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has recommended the adoption of FIT in primary care to guide referral for suspected CRC in low-risk symptomatic patients using a 10 μg Hb/g faeces ***, it is unknown whether FIT′s accuracy remains stable throughout the broad spectrum of possible *** To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess FIT accuracy for CRC detection in different clinical *** A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from inception to May 2018 to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective studies including symptomatic patients that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative FIT for CRC detection. Studies were classified on the basis of brand,threshold of faecal haemoglobin concentration for a positive test result,percentage of reported symptoms(solely symptomatic, mixed cohorts) and CRC prevalence(alysis to assess the influence of clinical spectrum on FIT′s accuracy to detect *** Fifteen cohorts including 13073 patients(CRC prevalence 0.4% to 16.8%) were identified. Pooled estimates of sensitivity for studies using OC-Sensor at 10 μg Hb/g faeces threshold(n = 10400) was 89.6% [95% confidence interval(CI): 82.7%to 94.0%). However, pooled estimates of sensitivity for studies formed solely by symptomatic patients(n = 4035) and mixed cohorts(n = 6365) were 94.1%(95%CI: 90.0% to 96.6%) and 85.5%(95%CI: 76.5% to 91.4%) respectively(P ally significant differences between pooled sensitivity of studies with CRC prevalence < 2.5%(84.9%, 95%CI: 73.4% to 92.0%)and ≥ 2.5%(91.7%, 95%CI: 83.

关键词： Bowel disease Colorectal cancer Diagnostic accuracy Faecal haemoglobin Faecal immunochemical test Faecal occult blood test Inflammatory bowel disease Significant colonic lesion

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Floral biology and pollination mechanisms of four Mexico-endemic Fuchsia species with contrasting reproductive systems

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 123-135页

作者： Clementina González Anai alvarez-Baños Eduardo Cuevas CONACYT-Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoAv.San Juanito Itzícuaro s/nCol.Nueva EsperanzaMorelia Michoacán 58330México Facultad de Biología Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoAv.Francisco J.Mújica S/NCiudad UniversitariaMoreliaMichoacán 58030México Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología Universidad de SevillaApartado 109541080 SevillaSpain

Aims The evolution of the outstanding variation of reproductive systems in angiosperms has been considered an important driver of line-age *** related hermaphroditic and dioecious species with biotic pollination provide the opportunity to study and compare traits related to pollinator attraction and their con-sequences on reproductive components.A higher predictability of pollination syndromes is expected in dioecious species,which are dependent on pollinators,than in self-compatible hermaphroditic *** species may suffer pollen limitation depending on the quality of floral rewards and the kind and abundance of pollina-tors,whereas no pollen limitation is expected in hermaphroditic spe-cies with autonomous ***,in the absence of pollen limitation,more or better seeds are expected in dioecious species,according to the sexual specialization *** In natural populations of the hermaphroditic Fuchsia fulgens and Fuchsia arborescens and dioecious Fuchsia parviflora and Fuchsia obconica,all endemic to Mexico,we first described flower phenol-ogy,flower production and longevity and nectar volume and ***,we evaluated the correspondence between floral visitors and pollination *** hermaphrodite plants,we determined the level of herkogamy and the potential for autonomous ***,we evaluated the effect of pollen limitation on fruit set and seed number and assessed seed germination for all *** Findings In contrast to our prediction,dioecious species did not show a higher correspondence between pollination syndromes and floral visitors than did hermaphrodites;however,male flowers exhib-ited a higher correspondence than female *** pollen limitation was detected in dioecious species,for which visitation rate did not differ between male and female *** her-maphroditic *** showed pollen limitation for seed number,despite the presence of auto

关键词： dioecy herkogamy hermaphroditism pollen limitation pollination syndromes

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Generalized Fuzzy Lie Ideals of Lie algebras

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模糊系统与数学 2010年第4期24卷 48-55页

作者： M.Akram B.Davvaz K.P.shum Punjab University College of Information Technology University of the PunjabOld Campus Department of Mathematics Yazd University Department of Mathematics The University of Hong Kong

In this paper we introduce new generalized fuzzy Lie ideals of Lie algebras and study some of their important *** characterize these generalized Lie ideals of Lie algebras by their level *** characterization of the ge... 详细信息

关键词： Lie algebras (∈,∈∨q)-fuzzy Lie Ideals Lie Ideals with Thresholds

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A possible interrelation between Earth rotation and climatic variability at decadal time-scale

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2016年第3期7卷 216-222页

作者： Leonid Zotov C.Bizouard C.K.shum National Research University Higher School of Economics Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics Lomonosov Moscow State University Sternberg Astronomical Institute SYRTE Observatoire de Paris PSL Research University CNRS Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Division of Geodetic Science School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics Institute of Geodesy & Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Using multichannel singular spectrum analysis （MSSA） we decomposed climatic time se- ries into principal components, and compared them with Earth rotation parameters. The global warming trends were initially subtracted. Similar quasi 60 and 20 year periodic os- cillations have been found in the global mean Earth temperature anomaly （HadCRUT4） and global mean sea level （GMSL）. Similar cycles were also found in Earth rotation variation. Over the last 160 years multi-decadal change of Earth＇s rotation velocity is correlated with the 60-year temperature anomaly, and Chandler wobble envelope reproduces the form of the 60-year oscillation noticed in GMSL. The quasi 20-year oscillation observed in GMSL is correlated with the Chandler wobble excitation. So, we assume that Earth＇s rotation and climate indexes are connected. Despite of all the clues hinting this connection, no sound conclusion can be done as far as ocean circulation modelling is not able to correctly catch angular momentum of the oscillatory modes.

关键词： Earth rotation Climate change Sea level Multichannel singular spectrumanalysis (MSSA) North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) Atlantic Multi-decadal oscillation(AMO)

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Semi-supervised 3D shape segmentation with multilevel consistency and part substitution

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Computational Visual Media 2023年第2期9卷 229-247页

作者： Chun-Yu Sun Yu-Qi Yang Hao-Xiang Guo Peng-Shuai Wang Xin Tong Yang Liu Heung-Yeung shum Institute for Advanced Study Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Microsoft Research Asia Beijing 100080China

The lack of fine-grained 3D shape segmentation data is the main obstacle to developing learning-based 3D segmentation *** propose an effective semi-supervised method for learning 3D segmentations from a few labeled 3D shapes and a large amount of unlabeled 3D *** the unlabeled data,we present a novel multilevel consistency loss to enforce consistency of network predictions between perturbed copies of a 3D shape at multiple levels:point level,part level,and hierarchical *** the labeled data,we develop a simple yet effective part substitution scheme to augment the labeled 3D shapes with more structural variations to enhance *** method has been extensively validated on the task of 3D object semantic segmentation on PartNet and ShapeNetPart,and indoor scene semantic segmentation on *** exhibits superior performance to existing semi-supervised and unsupervised pre-training 3D approaches.

关键词： shape segmentation semi-supervised learning multilevel consistency

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Single-Valued Neutrosophic Lie algebras

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2019年第2期39卷 141-152页

作者： Muhammad AKRAM Hina GULZAR Kar Ping shum Department of Mathematics University of the Punjab New Campus Institute of Mathematics Yunnan University

A single-valued neutrosophic(SVN) set is a powerful general formal framework that generalizes the concept of fuzzy set and intuitionistic fuzzy set. In SVN set, indeterminacy is quantified explicitly, and truth membership, indeterminacy membership, and falsity membership are independent. In this paper, we apply the notion of SVN sets to Lie algebras. We develop the concepts of SVN Lie subalgebras and SVN Lie ideals. We describe some interesting results of SVN Lie ideals.

关键词： Single-valued neutrosophic sets Lie ideals Lie algebras

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Implicative Ideals and Fuzzy Implicative Ideals of a Distributive Implication Groupoid

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2014年第6期34卷 631-639页

作者： Ravi Kumar BANDARU K.P.shum Department of Engineering Mathematics GITAM University Hyderabad Campus Institute of Mathematics Yunnan University

We introduce the notions of implicative ideals and fuzzy implicative ideals of a distributive implication groupoid. Some properties of these ideals will be investigated. In particular, the necessary and sufficient conditions for an ideal(fuzzy ideal) to be an implicative ideal(fuzzy implicative ideal) is given. By using the concept of level sets, we will characterize the fuzzy implicative ideals of a distributive implication groupoid. Finally, an extension property for fuzzy implicative ideals is given.

关键词： implication groupoids distributive implication groupoids fuzzy ideals implicative ideals fuzzy implicative ideals

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On the principles of Parsimony and Self-consistency for the emergence of intelligence

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022年第9期23卷 1298-1323页

作者： Yi MA Doris TSAO Heung-Yeung shum Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Department of Molecular&Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA International Digital Economy Academy Shenzhen518045China

Ten years into the revival of deep networks and artificial intelligence,we propose a theoretical framework that sheds light on understanding deep networks within a bigger picture of intelligence in *** introduce two fundamental principles,Parsimony and Self-consistency,which address two fundamental questions regarding intelligence:what to learn and how to learn,*** believe the two principles serve as the cornerstone for the emergence of intelligence,artificial or *** they have rich classical roots,we argue that they can be stated anew in entirely measurable and computable *** specifically,the two principles lead to an effective and efficient computational framework,compressive closed-loop transcription,which unifies and explains the evolution of modern deep networks and most practices of artificial *** we use mainly visual data modeling as an example,we believe the two principles will unify understanding of broad families of autonomous intelligent systems and provide a framework for understanding the brain.

关键词： Intelligence Parsimony Self-consistency Rate reduction Deep networks Closed-loop transcription

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