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Integrative ecology in the era of big data——From observation to prediction

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第10期63卷 1429-1442页

作者： shuli niu Song WANG Jinsong WANG Jianyang XIA Guirui YU Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China East China Normal University School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceShanghai 200241China

Most ecological and environmental issues faced by human society can only be solved at the ecosystem,watershed,regional and even global ***,ecological research is developing rapidly towards macro-scale *** the rapid development of observational networks and information technology,the spaceborne-aircraft-ground based observation system is becoming an important feature of ecosystem monitoring in the new *** the gradual formation of the global new-generation observational systems and the rapid expansion of massive multi-source heterogeneous data,ecology has entered the era of big data,big science,and big *** to integrate ecological big data,discover valuable ecological laws and mechanisms,and further expand them to solve eco-environmental issues that closely relate to human development are the major opportunities and challenges in this *** this paper,we systematically summarized the research progresses in ecological big data,reviewed the opportunity and demand of integrative ecology,and further discussed the main approaches of ecological big data integration by using meta-analysis,data mining,and data-model ***,we proposed the prospects and research directions of integrative ecology and suggested that future researches need to integrate big data into land models so as to improve the accuracy of ecological *** can be foreseen that under the background of global change and the rapid development of big data in the future,integrative ecology will be extensively applied and developed to serve the sustainable development of human society.

关键词： Integrative ecology Meta-analysis Data mining Data-model fusion

Divergent biomass partitioning to aboveground and belowground across forests in China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第3期11卷 484-492页

作者： Jian Sun shuli niu Jinniu Wang Synthesis Research Centre of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModellingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences11 Datun RoadBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bio-resource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences9 Renminnanlu RoadChengdu 640019China International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) GPO Box 3226KhumaltarKathmanduNepal

Aims Belowground to aboveground biomass(BGB/AGB)ratio is a highly valued parameter of the terrestrial carbon cycle and ***,it remains far from clear whether plant biomass partition-ing to aboveground and belowground is isometric(equal partition-ing)or allometric(unequal partitioning)at community levels and what factors are necessary in order to regulate the *** study aimed to comprehensively find out the patterns of biomass partitioning and their regulatory factors across forests in *** The data of AGB and BGB were compiled from 1542 samples for communities across forests in *** major axis regression was conducted to examine whether AGB and BGB were allocated isometrically or allometrically at a community *** analysis was used to analyze the relationships of BGB/AGB ratio with climatic factors and soil *** Findings We found that the slopes of the relationship between logAGB and logBGB were not always comparable to 1.0(isometric allocation)at community levels,including primary forest,secondary forest,and planted ***,samples in clay,loam,and sand soil types also presented the same ***,the radically different allocations of AGB and BGB were found in northern and southern *** factors totally explained 3.86%of the variations in the BGB/AGB ratio at the community level,which include the mean annual precipitation,mean annual temperature,potential water deficit index,soil car-bon content,soil nitrogen content,soil clay,soil loam,soil sand,soil pH,and soil bulk *** addition,the environmental fac-tors also have effects on the BGB/AGB ratio in other *** patterns revealed in this study are helpful for better under-standing biomass partitioning and spreading the carbon circle models.

关键词： biomass partitioning isometric partitioning BGB/AGB ratio environmental factors climatic zone Chinese forest

Precipitation regulates plant gas exchange and its long-term response to climate change in a temperate grassland

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第5期9卷 531-541页

作者： Bing Song shuli niu Shiqiang Wan Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesDatun RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology College of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan 475004China

Aims Climate change largely impacts ecosystem carbon and water cycles by changing plant gas exchange,which may further cause positive or negative feedback to global climate ***,long-term global change manipulative experiments are seldom conducted to reveal plant ecophysiological responses to climatic warming and altered precipitation *** An 8-year field experiment with both warming and increased precipitation was conducted in a temperate grassland in northern *** measured leaf gas exchange rates(including plant photosynthesis,transpiration and instantaneous water use efficiency[WUE])of two dominant plant species(Stipa sareptana *** and Agropyron cristatum)from 2005 to 2012(except 2006 and 2010)and those of other six species from 2011 to *** Findings Increased precipitation significantly stimulated plant photosynthetic rates(A)by 29.5%and 19.9%and transpiration rates(E)by 42.2%and 51.2%for both dominant species *** *** and ***,respectively,across the 8 ***,A and E of the six plant functional types were all stimulated by increased precipitation in 2011 and *** the balance of A and E,the instantaneous WUEs of different plant species had species-specific responses to increased *** contrast,neither warming nor its interaction with increased precipitation significantly affected plant leaf gas exchange ***,A and E of the two dominant species and their response magnitudes to water treatments positively correlated with rainfall amount in July across *** did not find any significant difference between the short-term versus long-term responses of plant photosynthesis,suggesting the flexibility of leaf gas exchange under climate *** results suggest that changing precipitation rather than global warming plays a prominent role in determining production of this grassland in the context of climate change.

关键词： grassland leaf gas exchange photosynthesis precipitation transpiration warming water use efficiency

Species-specific Response of Photosynthesis to Burning and Nitrogen Fertilization

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第5期50卷 565-574页

作者： Yanfang Zhang shuli niu Wenhua Xu Yi Han State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The present study was conducted to examine photosynthetic characteristics of three dominant grass species （Agropyron cristatum, Leymus chinensis, and Cleistogenes squarrosa） and their responses to burning and nitrogen fertilization in a semiarid grassland in northern China. Photosynthetic rate （Pn）, stomatal conductance （gs）, and water use efficiency （WUE） showed strong temporal variability over the growing season. C. squarrosa showed a significantly higher Pn and WUE than A. cristatum and L. chinensis. Burning stimulated Pn of A. cristatum and L. chinensis by 24-59% （P 〈 0.05） in the early growing season, but not during other time periods. Light-saturated photosynthetic rate （Pmax） in A. cristatum and the maximum apparent quantum yield （Фmax） in A. cristatum and L. chinensis were significantly enhanced by burning （16-67%） in both the fertilized and unfertilized plots. The main effect of burning on Pn, Pmax and Фmax was not significant in C. squarrosa. The burning-induced changes in soil moisture could explain 51% （P= 0.01） of the burning-induced changes in Pn of the three species. All three species showed positive responses to N fertilization in terms of Pn, Pmax, and Фmax. The stimulation of Pn under N fertilization was mainly observed in the early growing season when the soil extractable N content was significantly higher in the fertilized plots. The N fertilization-induced changes in soil extractable N content could explain 66% （P = 0.001） of the changes in Pn under N fertilization. The photosynthetic responses of the three species indicate that burning and N fertilization will potentially change the community structure and ecosystem productivity in the semiarid grasslands of northern China.

关键词： Agropyron cristatum burning Cleistogenes squarrosa Leymus chinensis nitrogen fertilization photosynthesis

Dynamic carbon-nitrogen coupling under global change

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第4期66卷 771-782页

作者： shuli niu Lei Song Jinsong Wang Yiqi Luo Guirui Yu Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center for Ecosystem Science and Society Department of Biological SciencesNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011USA

Carbon-nitrogen coupling is a fundamental principle in ecosystem ***,how the coupling responds to global change has not yet been *** a comprehensive and systematic literature review,we assessed how the dynamics of carbon processes change with increasing nitrogen input and how nitrogen processes change with increasing carbon input under global *** review shows that nitrogen input to the ecosystem mostly stimulates plant primary productivity but inconsistently decreases microbial activities or increases soil carbon sequestration,with nitrogen leaching and nitrogenous gas emission rapidly *** fixation increases and nitrogen leaching decreases to improve soil nitrogen availability and support plant growth and ecosystem carbon sequestration under elevated CO_(2)and temperature or along ecosystem *** conclude that soil nitrogen cycle processes continually adjust to change in response to either overload under nitrogen addition or deficiency under CO_(2)enrichment and ecosystem succession to couple with carbon ***,processes of both carbon and nitrogen cycles continually adjust under global change,leading to dynamic coupling in carbon and nitrogen *** dynamic coupling framework reconciles previous debates on the“uncoupling”or“decoupling”of ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycles under global *** models failing to simulate these dynamic adjustments cannot simulate carbonnitrogen coupling nor predict ecosystem carbon sequestration well.

关键词： nitrogen limitation carbon-nitrogen interaction global change carbon sequestration soil nitrogen cycle

Critical role of multidimensional biodiversity in contributing to ecosystem sustainability under global change

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Geography and Sustainability 2023年第3期4卷 232-243页

作者： Ruiyang Zhang Dashuan Tian Jinsong Wang shuli niu Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Environment and Resources University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The 21st century has seen an acceleration of global change,including climate change,elevated carbon dioxide,nitrogen deposition,and land-use intensification,which poses a significant threat to ecosystem ***-ertheless,studies on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning(BEF)have consistently demonstrated that biodiversity enhances ecosystem functioning and its stability,even in variable environmental *** findings potentially indicate the critical role of biodiversity in promoting sustainable provi-sioning of ecosystem functioning under global *** paper provides a comprehensive review of current BEF research and the response of BEF to multiple global change *** demonstrate that(1)assessing the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning requires consideration of multiple dimensions of diversity,such as diversity across multiple trophic levels(plants,animals,and microbes),multiple facets(taxonomy,functional traits,and phylogeny),and multiple spatial scales(local,regional,and landscape scales).(2)The interaction of multiple global change factors may lead to a greater reduction in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning than a single global change factor.(3)Multidimensional biodiversity regulates the response of ecosystem functioning to global change factors,indicating that high levels of multidimensional biodiversity can mitigate the negative impacts of global change on ecosystem ***,we emphasize that recognizing the importance of multidimensional biodiversity is critical for sustaining ecosystem ***,prioritizing conserva-tion efforts to maintain and enhance all dimensions of biodiversity is essential to address the challenges of future global change.

关键词： Biodiversity Ecosystem functioning Global change Ecosystem sustainability

Experimental warming shifts coupling of carbon and nitrogen cycles in an alpine meadow

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第3期14卷 541-554页

作者： Song Wang Quan Quan Cheng Meng Weinan Chen Yiqi Luo shuli niu Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center for Ecosystem Science and Society Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011USA

Aims Terrestrial ecosystem carbon(C)uptake is remarkably regulated by nitrogen(N)availability in the ***,the coupling of C and N cycles,as reflected by C:N ratios in different components,has not been well explored in response to climate *** Here,we applied a data assimilation approach to assimilate 14 datasets collected from a warming experiment in an alpine meadow in China into a grassland ecosystem *** attempted to evaluate how experimental warming affects C and N coupling as indicated by constrained parameters under ambient and warming treatments *** Findings The results showed that warming increased soil N availability with decreased C:N ratio in soil labile C pool,leading to an increase in N uptake by ***,C input to leaf increased more than N,leading to an increase and a decrease in the C:N ratio in leaf and root,*** C:N ratio was decreased due to the increased N immobilization under high soil N availability or warming-accelerated decomposition of litter *** also increased C:N ratio of slow soil organic matter pool,suggesting a greater soil C sequestration *** most models usually use a fixed C:N ratio across different environments,the divergent shifts of C:N ratios under climate warming detected in this study could provide a useful benchmark for model parameterization and benefit models to predict C-N coupled responses to future climate change.

关键词： Bayesian probabilistic inversion Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo(MCMC) warming carbon and nitrogen cycles stoichiometry alpine meadow

Different responses of soil respiration and its components to nitrogen and phosphorus addition in a subtropical secondary forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第3期8卷 491-503页

作者： Junjun Zhang Yong Li Jinsong Wang Weinan Chen Dashuan Tian shuli niu Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration Institute of Wetland ResearchChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China Department of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Background:Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)deposition have largely affected soil respiration(Rs)in forest ***,few studies have explored how N and P individually or in combination to influence Rs and its components(autotrophic respiration,Ra;heterotrophic respiration,Rh),especially in highly P-limited subtropical *** address this question,we conducted a field manipulation experiment with N and/or P addition in a 50-year-old subtropical secondary ***:We found that N addition on average reduced Rs,Ra,and Rh by 15.2%,15%,and 11.7%,respectively during 2-year field study.P addition had an inconsistent effect on Ra,with Ra increasing by 50.5%in the first year but reducing by 26.6%in the second ***,P addition on average decreased Rh by 8.9%–30.9%and Rs by 6.7%–15.6%across 2 *** contrast,N and P co-addition on average increased Rs,Ra,and Rh by 1.9%,7.9%,and 2.1%during the experimental *** Rs and Rh were significantly correlated with soil temperature,their temperature sensitivities were not significantly changed by *** was predominantly regulated by soil nitrogen availability(NH4+and NO3−),soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC),and enzyme activities,while the variation in Rh was mainly attributable to changes in soil microbial community composition and soilβ-D-Cellubiosidase(CB)andβ-Xylosidase(XYL)***:Our findings highlight the contrasting responses of Rs and its components to N or P addition against N and P co-addition,which should be differentially considered in biogeochemical models in order to improve prediction of forest carbon dynamics in the context of N and P enrichment in terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词： Nitrogen deposition Phosphorus enrichment Heterotrophic respiration Autotrophic respiration Enzyme activities Microbial community composition

Seed nutrient is more stable than leaf in response to changing multiple resources in an alpine meadow

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 589-597页

作者： Jiapu Li Dashuan Tian Kailiang Yu Hongbo Guo Ruiyang Zhang Jinsong Wang Qingping Zhou shuli niu Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China High Meadows Environmental Institute Princeton UniversityPrinceton 02138USA

Background It has been long thought that nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)concentrations and their ratios(N:P)in metabolically active or functional organs(i.e.,leaves)are less responsive to environmental *** attention,however,has been paid to the reproductive organs-seeds,while seeds may maintain their nutrients more stable for the evolutionary fitness of next *** Here,we conducted a field experiment of N,P addition and drought in an alpine meadow,aiming to compare the difference of leaf and seed nutrients and stoichiometric ratios in response to these resource treatments and their *** dominant species were selected among grass and forb functional groups,including Elymus nutans,Deschampsia caespitosa,Artemisia roxburghiana and Polygonum *** Under natural conditions,leaf N and P concentrations were consistently lower than seed among ***,leaf nutrients were much more sensitive than seed nutrients to N and P ***,N or P addition accordingly increased leaf N or P concentration by 22.20-44.24%and 85.54-93.61%,while only enhanced seed N or P concentration by 5.15-17.20%and 15.17-32.72%,*** N or P concentration was significantly reduced by P or N addition,but seed nutrients remained *** contrast,drought did not change both organ ***,nutrient addition and drought had synergistic interactions on leaf nutrients,but not on seed *** This study highlights that seed nutrient concentrations could be more stable than metabolically active leaf organ when facing multidimensional resource *** complements the traditional view on the‘Stable Leaf Nutrient Hypothesis’with the involvement of reproductive *** less responsiveness of seed nutrients suggests the adaptive strategy to ensure the success of next generations and long-term plant demographic stability.

关键词： Alpine meadow Leaf Multiple resource change Nitrogen concentration N:P ratio Phosphorus concentrations Seed