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Protective effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on chenodeoxycholic acid-induced liver injury in hamsters

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第37期13卷 5003-5008页

作者： Tomomichi Iwaki Kaoru Ishizaki shuji kinoshita Hideki Tanaka Atsushi Fukunari Makoto Tsurufuji Teruaki Imada Research Laboratory Ⅲ (Immunology) Pharmaceuticals Research Division Mitsubishi Pharma Corporation Yokohama Japan Pharmacokinetics Laboratory Pharmaceuticals Research Division Mitsubishi Pharma Corporation Chiba Japan Discovery Technology Laboratory Pharmaceuticals Research Division Mitsubishi Pharma Corporation Yokohama Japan

AIM： TO investigate the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid （UDCA） on chenodeoxycholic acid （CDCA）-induced liver injury in hamsters, and to elucidate a correlation between liver injury and bile acid profiles in the liver.METHODS： Liver injury was induced in hamsters by administration of 0.5% （w/w） CDCA in their feed for 7 d. UDCA （50 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg） was administered for the last 3 d of the experiment.RESULTS： At the end of the experiment, serum alanine aminotransferase （ALl） increased more than 10 times and the presence of liver injury was confirmed histologically. Marked increase in bile acids was observed in the liver. The amount of total bile acids increased approximately three-fold and was accompanied by the increase in hydrophobic bile acids, CDCA and lithocholic acid （LCA）. UDCA （50 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg） improved liver histology, with a significant decrease （679.3 ±77.5 U/L vs 333.6 ± 50.4 U/L and 254.3 ±35.5 U/ L, respectively, P 〈 0.01） in serum ALT level. UDCA decreased the concentrations of the hydrophobic bile acids, and as a result, a decrease in the total bile acid level in the liver was achieved.CONCLUSION： The results show that UDCA improves oral CDCA-induced liver damage in hamsters. The protective effects of UDCA appear to result from a decrease in the concentration of hydrophobic bile acids, CDCA and LCA, which accumulate and show the cytotoxicity in the liver.

关键词： Chenodeoxycholic acid Hamster Liver bileacids Ursodeoxycholic acid

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Effects of anti-hypertensive drugs on esophageal body contraction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第8期16卷 987-991页

作者： Koichi Yoshida Kenji Furuta Kyoichi Adachi Shunji Ohara Terumi Morita Takashi Tanimura shuji Nakata Masaharu Miki Kenji Koshino Yoshikazu kinoshita Second Department of Internal Medicine Shimane University Faculty of Medicine Department of Clinical Nursing Shimane University Faculty of Medicine

AIM:To clarify the effects of anti-hypertensive drugs on esophageal contraction and determine their possi-ble relationship with gastro-esophageal reflux ***:Thirteen healthy male volunteers were enrolled. Esophageal body peristaltic contractions and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure were measured using high resolution manometry. All subjects were randomly examined on four separate occasions following administrations of nifedipine,losartan,and atenolol,as well as without any drug ***:Peristaltic contractions by the esophageal body were separated into three segments by two troughs. The peak peristaltic pressures in the mid and lower segments of the esophageal body under atenolol administration were signifi cantly higher than those without medication in a supine position. On the other hand,peristaltic pressures under nifedipine administration were lower than those observed without drug ad-ministration. Losartan did not change esophageal body peristalsis. Atenolol elevated LES pressure and slowed peristaltic wave transition,while the effects of nifedip-ine were the opposite. CONCLUSION:Among the anti-hypertensive drugs tested,atenolol enhanced esophageal motor activity,which was in contrast to nifedipine.

关键词： Anti-hypertensive drug High-resolution manometry Lower esophageal sphincter Esophageal body contraction Calcium-channel blocker β1 blocker

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Triple Range Imager and POLarimeter(TRIPOL)——a compact and economical optical imaging polarimeter for small telescopes

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第9期19卷 149-158页

作者： shuji Sato Po Chieh Huang Wen Ping Chen Takahiro Zenno Chakali Eswaraiah Bo He Su Shinsuke Abe Daisuke kinoshita Jia Wei Wang Astrophysics Department Nagoya UniversityNagoya464–8602Japan Graduate Institute of Astronomy NCUTaoyuan32001 Department of Physics and Institute of Astronomy NTHUHsinchu30013

We report the design concept and performance of a compact, lightweight and economical imaging polarimeter, the Triple Range Imager and POLarimeter(TRIPOL), capable of simultaneous optical imagery and polarimetry. TRIPOL splits the beam in wavelengths from 400 to 830 nm into g′-, r′-and i′-bands with two dichroic mirrors, and measures polarization with an achromatic half-waveplate and a wire grid polarizer. The simultaneity makes TRIPOL a useful tool for small telescopes for the photometry and polarimetry of time variable and wavelength dependent phenomena. TRIPOL is designed for a Cassegrain telescope with an aperture of^1 m. This paper presents the engineering considerations of TRIPOL and compares the expected with observed performance. Using the Lulin 1-m telescope and 100 seconds of integration, the limiting magnitudes are g′~19.0 mag, r′~18.5 mag and i′~18.0 mag with a signal-to-noise ratio of 10, in agreement with design expectation. The instrumental polarization is measured to be^0.3% in the three bands. Two applications, one to the star-forming cloud IC 5146 and the other to the young variable GM Cep, are presented as demonstrations.

关键词： instrumentation:photometers instrumentation:polarimeters techniques:photometric techniques:polarimetric methods:observational ISM:magnetic fields

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Esophageal epithelial surface in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease:An electron microscopic study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第37期14卷 5712-5716页

作者： Takane Azumi Kyoichi Adachi Kenji Furuta shuji Nakata Shunji Ohara Kenji Koshino Masaharu Miki Terumi Morita Takashi Tanimura Nobuo Ashizawa Yoshikazu kinoshita Second Department of Internal Medicine Shimane University School of MedicineShimane 693-8501 Japan

A/M： To investigate the intercellular spaces between the most superficially located esophageal epithelial cells in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease （GERD）. METHODS： Eighteen patients with erosive esophagitis, 10 patients with non-erosive reflux disease （NERD）, and 18 normal asymptomatic volunteers were enrolled. Biopsy specimens were obtained from the lower esophageal mucosa without ulcer or erosion. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to investigate the tightness of the superficial cellular attachment. RESULTS： The intercellular space between the most superficially located epithelial cells in patients with erosive esophagitis or NERD was not different from that in asymptomatic healthy individuals. CONCLUSION： Widened luminal intercellular spaces of esophageal superficial epithelium are not responsible for the induction of reflux symptoms in patients with GERD.

关键词： Reflux esophagitis Non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux diseases Electron microscopy Questionnaire

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An Evaluation of Value-Oriented Review for Software Requirements Specification

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第6期37卷 443-461页

作者： Qiang Zhi shuji Morisaki Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo152-8550Japan Nagoya University Nagoya464-8601Japan

A software requirements specification(SRS)is a detailed description of a software system to be *** paper proposes and evaluates a lightweight review approach called value-oriented review(VOR)to detect defects in *** approach comprises setting core values based on SRS and detecting the defects disturbing the core *** evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach,we conducted a controlled experiment to investigate whether reviewers could identify and record the core values based on SRS and find defects disturbing the core *** of the evaluation with 56 software engineers showed that 91%of the reviewers identified appropriate core values and 82%of the reviewers detected defects based on the identified core ***,the average number of defects detected using the proposed approach was slightly smaller than that detected using perspective-based reading(PBR);however,PBR requires defining review scenarios before attempting to detect any *** results also demonstrated that the proposed approach helped reviewers detect the omission defects,which are more difficult to detect from SRS than defects because of ambiguity or incorrect requirements.

关键词： Value-oriented review perspective-based reading scenario-based reading lightweight review software requirements specification

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Novel insights into the mechanism of reactive oxygen species-mediated neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 746-749页

作者： shuji Wakatsuki Toshiyuki Araki Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research National Institute of NeuroscienceNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan

Neurite degeneration,a major component of many neurodegenerative diseases,such as Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,is not part of the typical apoptosis signaling mechanism,but rather it appears that a self-destructive process is in *** stress is a well-known inducer of neurodegenerative pathways:neuronal cell death and neurite *** oxidative stress exerts cytotoxic effects leading to neuronal loss,the pathogenic mechanisms and precise signaling pathways by which oxidative stress causes neurite degeneration have remained entirely *** previously reported that reactive oxygen species generated by NADPH oxidases induce activation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase ZNRF1 in neurons,which promotes neurite *** this process,the phosphorylation of an NADPH oxidase subunit p47-phox at the 345serine residue serves as an important checkpoint to initiate the ZNRF1-dependent neurite *** provides new insights into the mechanism of reactive oxygen species-mediated *** this review,we focus specifically on reactive oxygen species-induced neurite degeneration by highlighting a phosphorylation-dependent regulation of the molecular interaction between ZNRF1 and the NADPH oxidase complex.

关键词： neurite degeneration oxidative stress phosphorylation reactive oxygen species ubiquitin ligase

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Interaction between Potassium Phosphate Buffer Solution and Modeling Cell Membrane Investigated by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2015年第4期28卷 -页

作者： Weilai Yang Kangzhen Tian shuji Ye Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

Potassium phosphate buffer solution has been widely used in the biological experiments, which represents an important process of the interaction between ions and biomolecules, yet the influences of potassium phosphate on biomolecules such as the cell membrane are still poorly understood at the molecular level. In this work, we have applied sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy and carried out a detailed study on the interaction between potassium phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and negative 1,2-dimyristoyl-d54-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)] (d54-DMPG) lipid bilayer in real time. The PBS-induced dynamic change in the molecular structure of d54-DMPG lipid bilayer was monitored using the spectral features of CD2, CD3, lipid head phosphate, and carbonyl groups for the first time. It is found that K+ can bind to the cell membrane and cause the signal change of CD2, CD3, lipid head phosphate, and carbonyl groups quickly. Potassium PBS interacts with lipid bilayers most likely by formation of toroidal pores inside the bilayer matrix. This result can provide a molecular basis for the interpretation of the effect of PBS on the ion-assisted transport of protein across the membrane.

关键词： Sum frequency generation Potassium phosphate buffer Lipid bilayer Toroidal pore Interaction

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Thermal Conductivity and Tensile Properties of Carbon Nanofiber-Reinforced Aluminum-Matrix Composites Fabricated via Powder Metallurgy: Effects of Ball Milling and Extrusion Conditions on Microstructures and Resultant Composite Properties

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第5期32卷 573-584页

作者： Fumio Ogawa shuji Yamamoto Chitoshi Masuda Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University Kanto Gakuin University Kagami Memorial Institute for Materials Science and Technology Waseda University

Carbon nanofiber(CNF)-reinforced aluminum-matrix composites were fabricated via ball milling and spark plasma sintering(SPS), SPS followed by hot extrusion and powder extrusion. Two mixing conditions of CNF and aluminum powder were adopted: milling at 90 rpm and milling at 200 rpm. After milling at 90 rpm, the mixed powder was sintered using SPS at 560 °C. The composite was then extruded at 500 °C at an extrusion ratio of 9. Composites were also fabricated via powder extrusion of powder milled at 200 rpm and 550 °C with an extrusion ratio of 9(R9) or 16(R16). The thermal conductivity and tensile properties of the resultant composites were evaluated. Anisotropic thermal conductivity was observed even in the sintered products. The anisotropy could be controlled via hot extrusion. The thermal conductivity of composites fabricated via powder extrusion was higher than those fabricated using other methods. However, in the case of specimens with a CNF volume fraction of 4.0%, the thermal conductivity of the composite fabricated via SPS and hot extrusion was the highest. The highest thermal conductivity of 4.0% CNF-reinforced composite is attributable to networking and percolation of CNFs. The effect of the fabrication route on the tensile strength and ductility was also investigated. Tensile strengths of the R9 composites were the highest. By contrast, the R16 composites prepared under long heating duration exhibited high ductility at CNF volume fractions of 2.0% and 5.0%. The microstructures of composites and fracture surfaces were observed in detail, and fracture process was elucidated. The results revealed that controlling the heating and plastic deformation during extrusion will yield strong and ductile composites.

关键词： Al composite Carbon nanofiber Ball milling Hot extrusion Microstructure and performance

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The dehydration dynamics of a model cell membrane induced by cholesterol analogue 6-ketocholestanol investigated using sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy

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Science China Chemistry 2015年第7期58卷 1176-1186页

作者： Sulan Ma Kangzhen Tian shuji Ye Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China

Dehydration of a surface is the first step for the interaction between biomolecules and the surface. In this study, we systemati- cally investigated the influence of cholesterol analog 6-ketocholestanol （6-KC） on the dehydration of model cell membrane, using sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy. In pure DI water environment, two separate dehydration dynamic components were observed in neutrally charged and isotopically labeled 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine （DMPC） and positively charged 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-ethylphosphocholine（chloride salt）（DMEPC） bilayer： a large-amplitude fast component and a small-amplitude slow component, which originated from the water molecules with a weak and a strong water-membrane bound strengths, respectively. Dehydration of a negatively charged mixed DMPC/DMPG bilayer lead to the membrane-bound water being reorganized to ordered structures quickly. It is evident that the water-membrane bound strengths depend largely on the charge status of the lipid and has an order of neutrally charged membrane〈〈positively charged mem- brane〈〈negatively charged membrane. In an ionic environment, KC1 solution can not only dehydrate DMPC bilayer, but also prevent the 6-KC fiom further dehydrating this model cell membrane. We observed that the dehydration dynamics behavior of DMPC bilayer in the presence of the chaotropic anions is similar to that of the negatively charged DMPG bilayer because of the penetration of chaotropic anions into the DMPC bilayer. The degree of dehydration difficulty in kosmotropic anions fol- lows a Hofmeister series and linearly correlates with the hydration Gibbs free energy of the anions. Our results provide a molecular basis for the interpretation of the Hofmeister effect of kosmotropic anions on ion transport proteins.

关键词： membrane dehydration sum frequency generation membrane-bound water membrane dipole potential Hofmeistereffect

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Endoscopic surveillance of gastric cancers after Helicobacter pylori eradication

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10553-10562页

作者： Masaaki Kobayashi Yuichi Sato shuji Terai Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences

The incidence and mortality of gastric cancer remains high in East Asian countries. Current data suggest that Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) eradication might be more effective for preventing gastric cancer in young people before they develop atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. However, the long-term effect of H. pylori eradication on metachronous cancer prevention after endoscopic resection(ER) of early gastric cancer remains controversial, with some discordance between results published for Japanese and Korean *** detection ability of synchronous lesions before ER and eradication of H. pylori directly influences these results. After eradication, some gastric cancers are more difficult to diagnose by endoscopy because of morphologic changes that lead to a flat or depressed appearance. Narrow-band imaging with magnifying endoscopy(NBI-ME) is expected to be useful for identifying metachronous cancers. However, some gastric cancers after eradication show a "gastritislike"appearance under NBI-ME. The gastritis-like appearance correlates with the histological surface differentiation of the cancer tubules and superficial non-neoplastic epithelium atop or interspersed with the cancer. Till date, it remains unclear whether *** eradication could prevent progression of gastric cancer. Until we can establish more useful endoscopic examination methodologies, regular endoscopic surveillance of high-risk groups is expected to be the most beneficial approach for detection.

关键词： Gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori Atrophic gastri

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