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Object Identification in Dynamic Images Based on the Memory-Prediction Theory of Brain Function

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Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2010年第4期2卷 212-220页

作者： Marek Bundzel shuji Hashimoto 不详

In 2004, Jeff Hawkins presented a memory-prediction theory of brain function, and later used it to create the Hierar-chical Temporal Memory model. Several of the concepts described in the theory are applied here in a computer vision system for a mobile robot application. The aim was to produce a system enabling a mobile robot to explore its envi-ronment and recognize different types of objects without human supervision. The operator has means to assign names to the identified objects of interest. The system presented here works with time ordered sequences of images. It utilizes a tree structure of connected computational nodes similar to Hierarchical Temporal Memory and memorizes frequent sequences of events. The structure of the proposed system and the algorithms involved are explained. A brief survey of the existing algorithms applicable in the system is provided and future applications are outlined. Problems that can arise when the robot’s velocity changes are listed, and a solution is proposed. The proposed system was tested on a sequence of images recorded by two parallel cameras moving in a real world environment. Results for mono- and ste-reo vision experiments are presented.

关键词： Memory Prediction Framework Mobile Robotics Computer Vision Unsupervised Learning

Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl acids in precipitation from Shenyang,China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第14期54卷 2440-2445页

作者： LIU Wei DONG GuangHui JIN YiHe SASAKI Kazuaki SAITO Norimitsu SATO Itaru TSUDA shuji NAKAYAMA Shoji F Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China School of Public Health China Medical University Shenyang 110001 China Research Institute for Environmental Sciences and Public Health of Iwate Prefecture Morioka Iwate 020-0852 Japan Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Agriculture Iwate University 3-18-8 Ueda Morioka 020-8550 Japan Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA

Perfluorosulfonates (PFSAs) and perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs) in precipitation collected from Shenyang, China were determined. Snow samples were collected in the snow event on March 4, 2007 from 34 sites involving both the urban and suburban areas in Shenyang. The snowmelt was preconcentrated by solid phase extraction and analyzed using LC-MS method. Measurable amounts of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAS) were found in precipitation samples from Shenyang, demonstrating that wet deposition is one possible pathway for the removing of the selected PFAS chemicals from atmosphere. Major PFAS detected were PFOS (<0.38―51 ng/L), PFOA (0.82―13 ng/L) and PFHpA (0.76―11 ng/L), with their mean concentration of 5.4, 3.3 and 2.9 ng/L, respectively. Other PFSAs and PFCAs were detected at much lower frequency or below the limit of detection in all the samples. The work presented here offers some basis for the investigation on the environmental behavior and the evaluation of human exposure to PFAS.

关键词：全氟辛烷中国酸沉淀测定方法全氟辛酸铵水样品固相萃取平均浓度

Helicobacter pylori eradication to prevent gastric cancer: underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第11期12卷 1671-1680页

作者： Shingo Tsuji Masahiko Tsujii Hiroaki Murata Tsutomu Nishida Masato Komori Masakazu Yasumaru shuji Ishii Yoshiaki Sasayama Sunao Kawano Norio Hayashi Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine (Kl) YamadaokaSuita565-0871 Japan Department of Internal Medicine Kansai Rohsai Hospital Amagasaki660-0064 Japan Department of Internal Medicine Kashiwara Muncipal Hospital Kashiwara582-0002 Japan Department of Clinical Laboratory Science Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita565-0871 Japan

Numerous cellular and molecular events have been described in development of gastric cancer. In this artide, we overviewed roles of Helicobacter pylori （H pylori） infection on some of the important events in gastric carcinogenesis and discussed whether these cellular and molecular events are reversible after cure of the infection. There are several bacterial components affecting gastric epithelial kinetics and promotion of gastric carcinogenesis. The bacterium also increases risks of genetic instability and mutations due to NO and other reactive oxygen species. Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes such as RUNX3 may alter the frequency of phenotype change of gastric glands to those with intestinal metaplasia. Host factors such as increased expression of growth factors, cytokines and COX-2 have been also reported in non-cancerous tissue in Hpylori-positive subjects. It is noteworthy that most of the above phenomena are reversed after the cure of the infection. However, some of them including overexpression of COX-2 continue to exist and may increase risks for carcinogenesis in metaplastic or dysplastic mucosa even after successful H pylori eradication. Thus, H pylori eradication may not completely abolish the risk for gastric carcinogenesis. Efficiency of the cure of the infection in suppressing gastric cancer depends on the timing and the target population, and warrant further investigation.

关键词： Helicobacter Cancer Gastric acid p53 Inflammation Gastric atrophy Intestinal metaplasia

Institutionalisation of Genetic Resource Management with Farmers： Cases of Traditional Vegetables in Japan

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第6期3卷 399-413页

作者： Aki Imaizumi shuji Hisano The Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan The Graduate School of Economics Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan

Nearly all countries have seed organisations and private seed companies, laws and technical regulations to govern their while the role of the farmers＇ seed system has formal seed system, run by formal public been marginalised especially in developed countries. Local traditional varieties that are largely taken care of and nurtured by farmers＇ seed system have also been excluded from the formal seed system. Nowadays, however, it is quite common to see locally-sourced vegetables on supermarket shelves, while an increasing number of consumers visit farmers＇ market and become aware of local traditional vegetables available only through such channels. It is in this context that many local governments, public agricultural experimental stations and even private seed companies are becoming interested in the use and management of local traditional varieties of vegetables in Japan. The objective of this paper is to elucidate some characteristics of and factors behind the condition, potentiality and limitations of farmers＇ seed systems vis-a-vis the expected role of public experimental stations and locally-based seed companies, especially when it comes to the use and management of local traditional vegetables and their genetic resources in Japan. This paper is based on our case studies, in which we conducted in some interviews with relevant local actors in addition to literature and statistical surveys.

关键词： Farmers' seed system local vegetables genetic resources institutionalisation

Drug-eluting stents and acute myocardial infarction:A lethal combination or friends?

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World Journal of Cardiology 2014年第9期6卷 929-938页

作者： shuji Otsuki Manel Sabaté Thorax Institute Department of CardiologyHospital ClinicUniversity of Barcelona

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention is the preferred reperfusion strategy for patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). First generation drug-eluting stents(DES),(sirolimus drug-eluting stents and paclitaxel drug-eluting stents), reduce the risk of restenosis and target vessel revascularization compared to bare metal stents. However, stent thrombosis emerged as a major safety concern with first generation DES. In response to these safety issues, second generation DES were developed with different drugs, improved stent platforms and more biocompatible durable or bioabsorbable polymeric coating. This article presents an overview of safety and efficacy of the first and second generation DES in STEMI.

关键词： ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction Drug-eluting stents Stent thrombosis Sirolimus drug-eluting Paclitaxel drug-eluting stents Zotarolimus-eluting stents Zotarolimus-eluting stents Bioresorbable vascular scaffold

Flavonoid Profiles of Wild Grapes Native to Japan: Vitis coignetiae Pulliat andVitis ficifolia Bunge var. ganebuHatusima

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第3期8卷 239-252页

作者： shuji Shiozaki Kazunori Murakami Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Life & Environmental Sciences Sakai Japan saka Prefecture University Graduate School of Life & Environmental Sciences Sakai Japan

Flavonoids are a group of natural compounds in plants with versatile health benefits for humans. Grapes are a dietary source of flavonoids and the flavonoid components in grape berries can depend on the grape species and cultivar. In this experiment, proanthocyanidins, flavonols, and anthocyanins were analyzed in Vitis coignetiae and V. ficifolia var. ganebu, wild grapes native to Japan, and compared with those in V. labruscana cv. Muscat Bailey A, to evaluate the potential of the wild grapes as a grape resource. Proanthocyanidin contents in seeds were lower in the two wild grapes than in Muscat Bailey A. However, the skin of V. ficifolia var. ganebu was the richest source of proanthocyanidins. Flavonol levels in the skins of the two wild grapes were lower than that in the skin of Muscat Bailey A. Colorimetry determined that the total anthocyanin content in the skin of V. ficifolia var. ganebu was 6 times and 7 times higher, respectively, than those of V. coignetiae and Muscat Bailey A. Although monoglucoside anthocyanin levels analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) were in the order Muscat Bailey A > V. ficifolia var. ganebu > V. coignetiae, most of the diglucoside and acylated monoglucoside and diglucoside anthocyanin levels identified by HPLC-mass spectrometry were highest in V. ficifolia var. ganebu. These data suggest that V. ficifolia var. ganebu might be a novel source of flavonoids and superior to V. coignetiae as a source of flavonoids.

关键词： Anthocyanin Flavonol Proanthocyanidin Wild Grapes

Diagnosis and management of fibromuscular dysplasia and segmental arterial mediolysis in gastroenterology field: A mini-review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第32期24卷 3637-3649页

作者： Masayoshi Ko Kenya Kamimura Kohei Ogawa Kentaro Tominaga Akira Sakamaki Hiroteru Kamimura Satoshi Abe Kenichi Mizuno shuji Terai Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University

The vascular diseases including aneurysm, occlusion, and thromboses in the mesenteric lesions could cause severe symptoms and appropriate diagnosis and treatment are essential for managing patients. With the development and improvement of imaging modalities, diagnostic frequency of these vascular diseases in abdominal lesions is increasing even with the small changes in the vasculatures. Among various vascular diseases, fibromuscular dysplasia(FMD) and segmental arterial mediolysis(SAM) are noninflammatory, nonatherosclerotic arterial diseases which need to be diagnosed urgently because these diseases could affect various organs and be lethal if the appropriate management is not provided. However, because FMD and SAM are rare, the cause, prevalence, clinical characteristics including the symptoms, findings in the imaging studies, pathological findings, management, and prognoses have not been systematically summarized. Therefore, there have been neither standard diagnostic criteria nor therapeutic methodologies established, to date. To systematically summarize the information and to compare these disease entities, we have summarized the characteristics of FMD and SAM in the gastroenterological regions by reviewing the cases reported thus far. The information summarized will be helpful for physicians treating these patients in an emergency care unit and for the differential diagnosis of other diseases showing severe abdominal pain.

关键词： Fibromuscular dysplasia Segmental arterial mediolysis Mesenteric lesion diagnosis Humans

High-brightness polarized light-emitting diodes

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Light(Science & Applications) 2012年第1期1卷 72-78页

作者： Elison Matioli Stuart Brinkley Kathryn M Kelchner Yan-Ling Hu shuji Nakamura Steven DenBaars James Speck Claude Weisbuch Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCAUSA Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCAUSA Laboratoire de Physique de la Matie`re Condense´e CNRSEcole PolytechniquePalaiseauFrance

Light-emitting diodes are becoming the alternative for future general lighting applications,with huge energy savings compared to conventional light sources owing to their high efficiency and *** light sources would largely enhance the efficiency in a number of applications,such as in liquid-crystal displays,and also greatly improve contrast in general illumination due to the reduction in indirect ***,we demonstrate light-emitting diodes presenting high-brightness polarized light emission by combining the polarization-preserving and directional extraction properties of embedded photonic-crystals applied to non-polar gallium nitride.A directional enhancement of up to 1.8-fold was observed in the total polarized light emission together with a high polarization degree of 88.7%at 465 *** discuss the mechanisms of polarized light emission in non-polar gallium nitride and the photonic-crystal design rules to further increase the light-emitting diode *** work could open the way to polarized white-light emitters through their association with polarization-preserving down-converting phosphors.

关键词： GaN LEDs m-plane polarized light

Remaining issues of recommended management in current guidelines for asymptomatic common bile duct stones

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第18期27卷 2131-2140页

作者： Hirokazu Saito Yoshihiro Kadono Takashi Shono Kentaro Kamikawa Atsushi Urata Jiro Nasu Haruo Imamura Ikuo Matsushita shuji Tada Department of Gastroenterology Kumamoto City HospitalKumamoto City 862-8505Japan Department of Gastroenterology Tsuruta HospitalKumamoto City 862-0925Japan Department of Gastroenterology Kumamoto Chuo HospitalKumamoto City 862-0965Japan Department of Gastroenterology Saiseikai Kumamoto HospitalKumamoto City 861-4193Japan Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Kumamoto Chuo HospitalKumamoto City 862-0965Japan

Current guidelines for treating asymptomatic common bile duct stones(CBDS)recommend stone removal,with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopan-creatography(ERCP)being the first treatment *** deciding on ERCP treatment for asymptomatic CBDS,the risk of ERCP-related complications and outcome of natural history of asymptomatic CBDS should be *** incidence rate of ERCP-related complications,particularly of post-ERCP pancreatitis for asymptomatic CBDS,was reportedly higher than that of symptomatic CBDS,increasing the risk of ERCP-related complications for asymptomatic CBDS compared with that previously reported for biliopancreatic *** studies have reported short-to middle-term outcomes of natural history of asymptomatic CBDS,its long-term natural history is not well *** date,there are no prospective studies that determined whether ERCP has a better outcome than no treatment in patients with asymptomatic CBDS or *** randomized controlled trial has evaluated the risk of early and late ERCP-related complications vs the risk of biliary complications in the wait-and-see approach,suggesting that a change is needed in our perspective on endoscopic treatment for asymptomatic *** studies examining long-term complication risks of ERCP and wait-and-see groups for asymptomatic CBDS are warranted to discuss whether routine endoscopic treatment for asymptomatic CBDS is justified or not.

关键词： Asymptomatic common bile duct stone Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Complication Natural history of asymptomatic common bile duct stone Guideline Recommendation