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Discriminant Analysis of the Linear Separable Data - Japanese 44 Cars

Journal of Statistical Science and Application 2016年第4期4卷 165-178页

作者： shuichi Shinmura Faculty of Economics Seikei University Japan

There are four serious problems in the discriminant analysis. We developed an optimal linear discriminant function （optimal LDF） based on the minimum number of misclassification （minimum NM） using integer programming （IP）. We call this LDF as Revised IP-OLDF. Only this LDF can discriminate the cases on the discriminant hyperplane （Probleml）. This LDF and a hard-margin SVM （H-SVM） can discriminate the lineary separable data （LSD） exactly. Another LDFs may not discriminate the LSD theoretically （Problem2）. When Revised IP-OLDF discriminate the Swiss banknote data with six variables, we find MNM of two-variables model such as （X4, X6） is zero. Because MNMk decreases monotounusly （MNMk 〉= MNM（k＋1））, sixteen MNMs including （X4, X6） are zero. Until now, because there is no research of the LSD, we surveyed another three linear separable data sets such as： 18 exam scores data sets, the Japanese 44 cars data and six microarray datasets. When we discriminate the exam scores with MNM=0, we find the generalized inverse matrix technique causes the serious Problem3 and confirmed this fact by the cars data. At last, we claim the discriminant analysis is not the inferential statistics because there is no standard errors （SEs） of error rates and discriminant coefficients （Problem4）. Therefore, we poroposed the ＂100-fold cross validation for the small sample＂ method （the method）. By this break-through, we can choose the best model having minimum mean of error rate （M2） in the validation sample and obtaine two 95% confidence intervals （CIs） of error rate and discriminant coefficients. When we discriminate the exam scores by this new method, we obtaine the surprising results seven LDFs except for Fisher＇s LDF are almost the same as the trivial LDFs. In this research, we discriminate the Japanese 44 cars data because we can discuss four problems. There are six independent variables to discriminate 29 regular cars and 15 small cars. This data is linear separable by the emission rate （X1）

关键词： Model Selection Procedure Means of Error Rates Fisher's LDF Logistic Regression Support VectorMachine (SVM) Minimum Number of Misclassifications (minimum NM MNM) Revised IP-OLDF based onMNM criterion Revised IPLP-OLDF Revised LP-OLDF Linear Separable Data and Model K-fold Crossvalidation.

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Worsening of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in patients with prostate cancer after androgen deprivation therapy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第6期20卷 634-636页

作者： Ryo Oka Takanobu Utsumi Takumi Endo Masashi Yano shuichi Kamijima Naoto Kamiya Hiroyoshi Suzuki Department of Urology Toho University Sakura Medical Center Sakura-shi Chiba 285-8741 Japan Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599-7295 USA

Dear Editor, Prostate cancer （PCa） is the most frequently diagnosed male cancer in Western countries, and the number of PCa patients is also rapidly increasing in ]apan.1,2 Simultaneously, androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） has also been increasingly used in PCa patients in recent years2-5 However, the long-term use of ADT is associated with a variety of pivotal adverse events, including diabetes, anemia, osteoporosis, serum lipid profile changes, and cardiovascular disease （CVD）.1,2 Higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and/or lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） are well-established risk factors for CVD, and control of their levels has been an important goal in the treatment and prevention of CVD.6,7 Recently, another alternative parameter, the LDL-C to HDL-C （L/H） ratio, has been reported to be strongly associated with CVD and is thought to be a better predictor of future CVD than LDL-C alone. Closely monitoring serum lipid profile, including the L/H ratio changes affected by ADT, is a key to preventing CVD in PCa patients. Moreover, we previously suggested that a higher L/H ratio might have an impact on the development of arterial stiffness after ADT administration,r Although some cutoff points of the L/H ratio have been reported in clinical use, it has been suggested that thrombosis can occur when the L/H ratio increases to around 2.5 or more in East Asian populations.6 The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes in serum lipid profile and to identify the clinical factors associated with an increased L/H ratio in PCa patients who received ADT.

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A dose-up of ursodeoxycholic acid decreases transaminases in hepatitis C patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第22期15卷 2782-2786页

作者： shuichi Sato Tatsuya Miyake Hiroshi Tobita Naoki Oshima Junichi Ishine Takuya Hanaoka Yuji Amano Yoshikazu Kinoshita Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shimane UniversitySchool of Medicine Division of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Shimane University Hospital

AIM:To examine whether a dose-up to 900 mg of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) decreases transaminases in hepatitis C ***:From January to December 2007,patients with chronic hepatitis C or compensated liver cirrhosis with hepatitis C virus(HCV)(43-80 years old) showing positive serum HCV-RNA who had already taken 600 mg/d of UDCA were recruited into this *** parameters were examined at 4,8 and 24 wk after increasing the dose of oral UDCA from 600 to 900 mg/***:Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT) levels were signifi cantly decreased following the administration of 900 mg/d as compared to 600 mg/*** decrease in ALT from immediately before the dose-up of UDCA to 8 wk after the dose-up was 14.3 IU/L,while that for AST was 10.5 IU/L and for GGT was 9.8 IU/*** count tended to increase after the dose-up of UDCA,although it did not show a statistically signifi cant level(P=0.05).Minor adverse events were observed in 3 cases,although no drop-outs from the study ***:Oral administration of 900 mg/d of UDCA was more effective than 600 mg/d for reducing ALT,AST,and GGT levels in patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis Hepatitis C virus Liver fibrosis Transaminase Ursodeoxycholic acid

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Studying in China Has Fulfilled My Dream

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Voice of Friendship 2005年第1期 41-44页

作者： shuichi Ito Japan

Five years have elapsed since I came to study in China after *** I have not made much improve-ment in my Chinese language studies inthese years,but I have enjoyed the fun oflearning the language while engaging inactiv... 详细信息

关键词： diplomatic visited Japanese schools friend entitle

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Female scent mobilizes leukocytes to airways in BALB/c male mice

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第3期4卷 285-293页

作者： Ekatherina A.LITVINOVA Mikhail P.MOSHKIN Ludmila A.GERLINSKAYA Ryoichi NAGATOMI Xiumin ZHANG Kaori MATSUO shuichi SHIKANO Laboratory of Physiological Adaptation of Animals Institute of Systematics and Ecology of AnimalsSiberian Branch of Russian academy of sciencesNovosibirskRussia Department of Animal Genetic Resources Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of Russian academy of sciencesNovosibirskRussia Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Graduate School of MedicineTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan Department of Environmental Life Sciences Graduate School of Life SciencesTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan

The scent of receptive females as a signal to reproduction stimulates male mice to olfactory search of a potential breeding *** searching behavior is coupled with infection risk due to bacterial contamination of the fecal and urine scent *** hypothesized that sniffing of female soiled bedding induced the migration of immuno-competent cells into airways as a possible adaptation to breeding-related *** bronchoalveolar lavage in a study on mice,we found the number of leukocytes to be significantly higher in male mice that were provided new portions of soiled bedding daily from female cages,in comparison with male mice that were kept in isolation from female *** number of leukocytes in blood was equal in both ***,monocytes were fewer in number in male mice exposed to female scent than in male mice isolated from female ***-induced migration of leukocytes was accompanied by typical behavioral(increased sniffing activity and aggressiveness)and morpho-logical(increase preputial glands and seminal vesicles)responses to olfactory sexual stimulus.

关键词： breeding behavior female scent marks immunomodulation infection risk olfactory search.

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Incidence of reflux esophagitis and Helicobacter pylori infection in diabetic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第20期14卷 3212-3217页

作者： Ken Ariizumi Tomoyuki Koike shuichi Ohara Yoshifumi Inomata Yasuhiko Abe Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Tomoyoshi Oka Tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology TohokuUniversity Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Miyagi9808574 Japan Division of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Miyagi 9808574 Japan

AIM： To investigate the incidence of reflux esophagitis （RE） and Hpylori infection in the diabetic patient. METHODS： The incidence of RE and Hpy/ori infection were investigated in 85 patients with diabetes mellitus and the results were compared with controls. RESULTS： The incidence of RE in diabetic patients was 17.6%. Although this tended to be higher in diabetic patients, there were no statistically significant differences between diabetic patients and controls. The incidence of H pyiori infection in diabetic patients was 53.7% but no statistically significant difference was seen between diabetic patients and controls in the incidence of Hpylori infection. CONCLUSION： No significant differences could be seen between diabetic patients and controls in the incidence of RE and H pldori infection.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Reflux esophagitis Helicobacter pylori

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Childhood-onset inflammatory bowel diseases associated with mutation of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein gene

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第48期23卷 8544-8552页

作者： Takashi Ohya Masakatsu Yanagimachi Kentaro Iwasawa shuichiro Umetsu Tsuyoshi Sogo Ayano Inui Tomoo Fujisawa shuichi Ito Department of Pediatrics Yokohama City University Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology Saiseikai Yokohama-shi Tobu Hostopital Department of Pediatrics Tokyo Medical and Dental University

AIM To screen primary immunodeficiency,Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome(WAS),and chronic granulomatous disease(CGD) among children with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS This was a single-center retrospective study. Eighteen children with IBD were investigated. We analyzed their expression of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein(WASP) in lymphocytes and superoxide generation in phagocytes using flow cytometry. When the expression of WASP or superoxide generation was low or absent,we performed genetic analysis to determine the cause of this. RESULTS Eighteen patients were classified as having ulcerative colitis(n = 10),Crohn's disease(n = 5),or IBDunclassified(n = 3). In total,three patients revealed low expression of WASP associated with a WAS gene c.1378 C>T ***460 Ser mutation,which has previously been reported as a pathogenic mutation in WAS and X-linked thrombocytopenia. However,with respect to the major symptoms of WAS,none of these three patients showed either thrombocytopenia or increased susceptibility to infection,but one patient showed generalized eczema. No CGD patients were discovered in this *** Despite the lack of typical clinical manifestations of WAS,low expression of WASP could be associated with the pathogenesis of a subtype of IBD patients.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease WiskottAldrich syndrome Primary immunodeficiency Children Screening

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Effects of age on survival and morbidity in gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第6期9卷 257-262页

作者： Yoshinori Fujiwara shuichi Fukuda Masanori Tsujie Hajime Ishikawa Kotaro Kitani Keisuke Inoue Masao Yukawa Masatoshi Inoue Department of Digestive Surgery Nara HospitalKindai University School of Medicine Department of Digestive Surgery Kawasaki Medical School

To evaluate clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes of gastric cancer in elderly and non-elderly patients after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method using propensity score. METHODSWe enrolled a total of 448 patients with histologically confirmed primary gastric carcinoma who received gastrectomies. Of these, 115 patients were aged > 80 years old (Group A), and 333 patients were aged < 79 years old (Group B). We compared the surgical outcomes and survival of the two groups after IPTW. RESULTSPostoperative complications, especially respiratory complications and hospital deaths, were significantly more common in Group A than in Group B (P < 0.05). Overall survival (OS) was significantly lower in Group A patients than in Group B patients. Among the subset of patients who had pathological Stage I disease, OS was significantly lower in Group A (P < 0.05) than Group B, whereas cause-specific survival was almost equal in the two groups. In multivariate analysis, pathological stage, histology, and extent of lymph node dissection were independent prognostic values for OS. CONCLUSIONWhen the gastrectomy was performed in gastric cancer patients, we should recognized high mortality and comorbidities in that of elderly. More extensive lymph node dissection might improve prognoses of elderly gastric cancer patients.

关键词： Gastric cancer Mortality Morbidity Elderly Lymphadenectomy Propensity score matching Prognosis Survival

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Association of Oral Diadochokinesis, Physical Function and Swallowing Function in Community-Dwelling Elderly People

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Advances in Aging Research 2022年第1期11卷 16-25页

作者： Kumiko Sakaguchi shuichi Hara Department of Department of Speech Language and Hearing Therapy Faculty of Health Sciences Mejiro University Saitama Japan School of Health Science Kyusyu University of Health and Welfare Miyazaki Japan

Objective: Oral diadochokinesis (ODK) has been shown to be associated with oral frailty. In this study, we investigate the relationship between physical function, swallowing function, nutritional evaluation, and each syllable of ODK. Methods: The subjects are 26 elderly people living in an area where they can walk. ODK, tongue pressure, modified water swallowing test, EAT-10, grip strength, MNA-SF, skeletal muscle index, height, weight, and BMI were evaluated. For statistical analysis based on ODK values, the subjects were divided into two groups on the basis of the number of times the syllables /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/ were repeated: 1) The first group with >6 repetitions exceeded six; 2) the second group with ≤5 repetitions. Both groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test (Model 1). In addition, the syllables /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/ were also divided among the groups and a comparison was performed (Model 2). Results: In Model 1, the tongue pressure value was significantly higher in the good group (p Conclusion: In community-dwelling elderly people, tongue pressure was positively associated with ODK values for the syllables /pa/ and /ta/, suggesting that tongue pressure may be associated with strength of the lip and tongue tip muscles. Furthermore, it was suggested that the ODK values may even be lower than normal values in the elderly who maintain skeletal muscle mass and thus have adequate tongue pressure;therefore, these indicators may be used as a guideline to assess oral frailty.

关键词： Oral Frailty Oral Diadochokinesis Community-Dwelling Elderly Swallowing Function Physical Function

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Suppressive Effect on Speed Reduction at Sag Sections by Utilizing Visual Illusions

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2017年第2期5卷 55-62页

作者： shuichi Matsumoto Soshiro Ueki Department of lnformation Society Faculty of Information and Communications Bunkyo University Kanagawa 253-8550 Japan

Currently about 60% of traffic jams on express highways nationwide are said to occur at sag sections, as traffic congestion at tollgates decreased significantly with the introduction of electronic ETC （toll collection system）. Therefore, in order to further decrease traffic jams on express highways, there is an urgent need to consider measures to reduce traffic congestion at sag sections. A wide variety of hardware and software has been suggested to deal with traffic jams. In this study, a measure for suppressing traffic congestion at sag sections has been proposed, expected to be low in cost and readily installed, which utilizes optical illusions for drivers. An experiment which used a driving simulator resulted in a suggestion that setting gates at incremental intervals at uphill sag sections resulted in suppression of speed reduction in those sections.

关键词： Traffic flow sag sections illusion driving simulator.

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