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Blood biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease:important considerat.ons for use in clinical practice

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Neural Regenerat.on Research 2025年第1期20卷 205-206页

作者： Sarah Fullam Sean o’Dowd Antoinette o’Connor Department.of Neurology Tallaght University HospitalDublinIreland Academic Unit.of Neurology Trinity College DublinIreland

Int.oduct.on:Fluid and posit.on emission tomography(PEt)biomarkers that enable the detect.on of the hallmark proteins of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(amyloid and tau)have revolut.onized our approach to the diagnosis of *** evolut.on of AD diagnostic criteria to include biological characterizat.on(Alzheimer’s Associat.on Working Group,2023)provides an appropriate framework to reduce levels of clinico-pat.ologic mismatch and improve in-vivo diagnostic *** the therapeutic landscape for neurodegenerative disease evolves,it is increasingly incumbent.on clinicians to provide timely,and pat.ologically precise diagnoses for ***,the expensive and invasive nature of these tests limits their scalability.

关键词： Blood Alzheimer diagnosis

Neuroinflammat.on revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regenerat.on Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João B.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovat.on in Health(i3S)and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology(IBMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department.of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light.on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** explorat.on is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the convent.onal conflat.on of“neuroinflammat.on”and“microglial activat.on.”this conflat.on has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development.of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interact.ons,advocating for a deeper explorat.on of the dynamic relat.onship between neuroinflammat.on and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context.of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammat.on is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory condit.ons and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammat.on simplified activat.on

Contribut.on of mechanical forces to structural synaptic plasticity:insights from 3D cellular motility mechanisms

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Neural Regenerat.on Research 2025年第7期20卷 1995-1996页

作者： Rita o.t.odoro Mafalda Ribeiro Ramos Lara Carvalho iNoVA4Health NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal

Cells,tissues,and organs are constantly subjected to the act.on of mechanical forces from the extracellular environment-and the nervous system is no ***-intrinsic properties such as membrane lipid composit.on,abundance of mechanosensors,and cytoskeletal dynamics make cells more or less likely to sense these *** and extrinsic cues are integrated by cells and this combined informat.on determines the rate and dynamics of membrane protrusion growth or retract.on(Yamada and Sixt,2019).Cell protrusions are extensions of the plasma membrane that play crucial roles in diverse contexts such as cell migrat.on and neuronal synapse *** the nervous system,neurons are highly dynamic cells that can change the size and number of their pre-and postsynaptic elements(called synaptic boutons and dendritic spines,respectively),in response to changes in the levels of synaptic activity through a process called *** plasticity is a hallmark of the nervous system and is present throughout.our lives,being required for funct.ons like memory format.on or the learning of new motor skills(Minegishi et al.,2023;Pillai and Franze,2024).

关键词： plasticity structural mechanisms

Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulat.on of serotonin neuron subpopulat.ons in adult.ood?

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Neural Regenerat.on Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher J.o’Connell Matthew J.Robson Department.of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA James L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

traumatic brain injury(tBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).tBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such out.omes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pat.ology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

Virulence and mycotoxic effects of Metarhizium anisopliae on Mahogany shoot borer,Hypsipyla robusta(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第4期23卷 651-659页

作者： M.Balachander o.K.Remadevi t.o Sasidharan N.Sapna Bai Wood Biodegradat.on Division Institute of Wood Science&Technology(Indian Council for Forestry Research and Education)Malleswaram P.O.Bangalore-560003KarnatakaIndia. Ashoka trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment Jakkur P.O.Bangalore 560064KarnatakaIndia

Developing appropriate cont.ol measures for the Mahogany shoot borer, Hypsipyla robusta Moore has become increasingly important due to the severe damaging effect.of the pest.on the establishment.of the saplings of Swietenia mahagoni Jacq （Sapindales： Meliaceae）. Existing management met.ods are largely limited to silvicultural practices and spraying of chemical insecticides. to identify a potential fungal biocont.ol agent, we compared the virulence of six native and t.o standard ARSEF isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae Metsch. against this pest. the average survival time and conidial yield of IWSt-Ma7 was higher （6.2 to 7.3 days and 4.9 to 4.7 x 105 conidia/ml） than the standards. Sig- nificant difference in sporulat.on on the cadavers between isolates, doses and incubat.on periods were substantiated for the select.on of potential strain. the mycotoxic effects of crude soluble protein extract when in- corporated in the artificial diet, the ARSEF 2596 and ARSEF 3603 showed LDs0 value of 3.7% and 5.6%. However, IWSt-Ma7 was highly lethal with significant lowest LDs0 value of 2.6%. the enzyme activity of IWSt-Ma7 was highest for chitinase, CDA, protease and lipase viz., 1.90 U/mg, 1.80 U/mg, 0.98 U/mg and 0.80 U/mg respectively. However the enzyme activity of chitinase and Chitin deacetylase assay for all the isolates was significantly higher than protease and lipase activity. the ItS regions （5.8S rDNA and 28S rDNA） of seven isolates of M. anisopliae were amplified using the ItS1 and ItS4 primers which was a unique fragment.of approximately 550 bp. Based on ItS regions, phy- logenetic tree have been constructed and the isolates have been grouped in to 5 clades. the virulence and mycotoxic effects of different isolates could rat.onally be used to employ them for the management.of the mahogany borer.

关键词： Metarhizium anisopliae mycotoxin mahogany shoot borer,Hypsipyla robusta

Coarse to Fine: the Role of Severe Plastic Deformat.on in Advancing titanium-Based Medical Implants - A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 295-306页

作者： Dragana R Mihajlović Bojan I Međo Ivana Lj Cvijović-Alagić Veljko R Djokić Faculty of technology and Metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sci-ences-Nat.onal Institute of the Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade11001BeogradSerbia Innovat.on Centre of the Faculty of technology and Metallurgy Karnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia

this paper describes severe plastic deformat.on(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic *** the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads wit.out a significant change in sample *** the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HPt)process,as one of the SPD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformat.on and ensures refinement.of the microstructure,will be discussed in more *** that grain size cont.ol is accepted as a met.od to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is ***,particular attent.on is dedicated to the influences of HPt process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolut.ons during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SPD process show improved mechanical and physical properties wit.out losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these met.ods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.

关键词： high-pressure torsion process ultrafine-grained titanium-based materials elect.ochemical anodizat.on physical properties mechanical properties

Dynamic stress concentrat.on in an infinitely long cylindrical cavity due to a point spherical source embedded within a fluid-saturated poroelastic format.on of infinite extent

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edit.on) 2025年第1期46卷 139-156页

作者： H.HoSSEINI o.BALILASHAKI Department.of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan University

the effects of a harmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated poroelastic format.on of infinite extent are examined theoretically. It is assumed that the source is located outside the cavity at a specified distance from the borehole axis. the magnitudes of the hoop and radial stresses beside the pore pressures exerted on the interface and inside the porous medium surrounding the borehole are calculated and discussed. Biot's poroelastic modeling along with three types of boundary condit.ons for the cylindrical interface including the ideal fluid, empty borehole, and rigid inclusion with a hard boundary is employed for the analysis. Utilizing a proper translat.onal addit.on theorem for expressing the incident spherical wave in terms of cylindrical wave expansions, the proposed boundary condit.ons at the interface are satisfied. Stresses are formulated by means of wave potential funct.ons in a three-dimensional(3D) manner. the effects of the frequency and the radial distance between the source and borehole on the induced stresses are examined for the first cylindrical modes over frequency spectra. t.o permeability condit.ons for the interface and three types of soils for the porous format.on are considered throughout the analysis. to give an overall outline of the study, a numerical example is presented. the results clearly indicate that the distance is a key parameter and has considerable effects on the induced stress values. In addit.on, the interface permeability condit.on and soil characteristics play an important role in determining the dynamic response of the borehole. Finally,the obtained results are compared with the relevant analyses existing in the literature for some limit cases, and good agreement is achieved.

关键词： point source cylindrical cavity porous medium wave-field transformat.on stress concentrat.on o353.4

20-HEtE increases NADPH oxidase-derived RoS product.on and stimulates L-type calcium channel via PKC-dependent mechanism in cardiomyocytes

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20-HETE increases NADPH oxidase-derived ROS production and s...

Management.of Mitral Regurgitat.on in a Patient Contemplating Pregnancy

中国生理学会第23届全国会员代表大会暨生理学学术大会

作者： Stephen t.o’Rourke Department.of Pharmaceutical Sciences North Dakota State University

the product.on of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid(20-HEtE) is increased during ischemia-reperfusion and inhibit.on of 20-HEtE product.on has been shown to reduce infarct size caused by *** study was aimed at discovering the molecular mechanism underlying the act.on of 20-HEtE in cardiac *** effect.of 20-HEtE on L-type calcium channel currents(I) was examined in rat isolated cardiomyocytes by patch clamp recording in the whole-cell *** of cardiomyocytes with 20-HEtE(10-100 nmol/L) resulted in a concentrat.on-dependent increase in I and this act.on of 20-HEtE was attenuated by a specific NADPH oxidase inhibitor,gp91ds-tat(5μmol/L),or a superoxide scavenger,PEG-SoD(25 U/mL),suggesting that NADPH-oxidase -derived superoxide is involved in the stimulatory act.on of 20-HEtE on *** of cardiomyocytes with 20-HEtE(100 nmol/L) increased both NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide product.on by approximately *** study the molecular mechanism mediating the 20-HEtE-induced increase in NADPH oxidase activity, protein kinase C(PKC) activity was measured in *** of the cells with 20-HEtE(100 nmol/L) significantly increased PKC activity,and pretreatment.of cardiomyocytes with the selective PKC inhibitor,GF109203 (1μmol/L),attenuated 20-HEtE-induced increases in I and in NADPH oxidase *** summary,20-HEtE stimulates NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide product.on,which activates L-type calcium channels via a PKC-dependent mechanism in cardiomyocytes.20-HEtE and 20-HEtE-producing enzymes could be the novel targets for treatment.of cardiac ischemic diseases.

关键词： 20-HEtE L-type calcium channel PKC cardiac myocytes reactive oxygen species

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Cardiovascular Innovat.ons and Applicat.ons 2018年第B01期2卷 439-446页

作者： Yee-Ping Sun Patrick t.o’Gara Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Management.of rheumatic mitral regurgitat.on in a woman contemplating pregnancy presents unique challenges for the *** tasked with taking care of this type of patient,attent.on needs to be paid to the patient’s funct.onal status to determine if symptoms are *** addit.on to this clinical assessment,transt.oracic echocardiography is also *** provides insight into the et.ology of the mitral regurgitat.on,assesses for the presence of concomitant mitral stenosis or other valvular abnormalities,characterizes the severity of mitral regurgitat.on through an integrative approach and identifi es high risk findings including progressive left ventricular(LV)dilat.on and LV *** intervent.on is recommended for symptomatic patients and in asymptomatic patients with evidence of progressive LV dilat.on and a LV eject.on fract.on of less than 60%.While the presence of pulmonary hypertension and atrial fi brillat.on have been shown to be risk factors in degenerative mitral regurgitat.on,the same has not been demonstrated in rheumatic mitral valve *** mitral regurgitat.on may be reasonably well tolerated during pregnancy,symptomatic patients are at higher risk for adverse maternal and fetal out.omes,and therefore,it is recommended that mitral valve surgery be performed prior to *** the decision has been made to proceed to surgery,mitral repair,performed at a Heart Valve Center of Excellence is recommended if possible due to improved *** valve repair is possible in>80%cases of rheumatic mitral *** repair is not possible,replacement with either a bioprosthetic or mechanical valve are reasonable *** are advantages and disadvantages to each approach and the choice of prosthesis should be a shared decision between the patient and her treatment team.

关键词： mitral regurgitat.on valvular heart disease