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Quantitative evaluation of adsorbed and free water in deep shales:a case study on the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations from the luzhou area,southern Sichuan Basin,China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第2期18卷 336-346页

作者： Shengxian ZHAO Yongyang LIU shuangfang lu Shuaihu LIU Wenbiao LI Zhiyan ZHOU Yashuo WANG Zhaojing SONG Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Shale Gas Research Institute of PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company Chengdu 610051China Sanya Offshore Oil&Gas Research Institute Northeast Petroleum UniversitySanya 572025China

Deep shale gas reservoirs commonly contain connate water, which affects the enrichment and migration of shale gas and has attracted the attention of many scholars. It is significant to quantitatively estimate the amounts of adsorbed and free water in shale matrix pores, considering the different impacts of pore water (adsorbed water and free water) on shale gas. In this paper, pore water in six deep shale samples from the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations in the luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin, China, was quantitatively evaluated by saturation-centrifugation experiments. Further, the impact of shale material composition and microstructure on the pore water occurrence was analyzed. The results show that amounts of adsorbed and free water are respectively 1.7967–9.8218 mg/g (mean 6.4501 mg/g) and 9.5511–19.802 mg/g (mean 13.9541 mg/g) under the experimental conditions (30°C, distilled water). The ratio of adsorbed water to total water is 15.83%–42.61% (mean 30.45%). The amounts of adsorbed and free water are related to the pore microstructure and material compositions of shale. The specific surface area of shale controls the amount of adsorbed water, and the pore volume controls the amount of free water;organic pores developed in shale solid asphalt contribute specific surface area and pore volume, and inorganic pores developed in clay mineral contribute pore volume. Therefore, the pores of shale solid asphalt accumulate the adsorbed water and free water, and the pores of clay minerals mainly accumulate the free water.

关键词： deep shales pore water adsorbed amount free amount

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Methane adsorption effected by pore structure of overmature continental shale:Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation,Xujiaweizi Fault,Songliao Basin

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第1期18卷 172-187页

作者： Pengfei ZHANG shuangfang lu Nengwu ZHOU Zizhi LIN Xiangchun CHANG Junjian ZHANG Guo CHEN Yumao PANG Junjie WANG Hongsheng HUANG Qi ZHI College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Sanya Offshore Oil&Gas Research Institute Northeast Petroleum UniversitySanya 572025China School of Geoscience China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China College of Resources and Environment Yangtze UniversityWuhan 430100China

Overmature continental shale is commonly developed,but few studies have given insight into its pore structure and sorption *** techniques,including SEM,helium porosity and permeability,N_(2)/CO_(2)adsorption,MICP,and NMR,were used to detect the pore structure of shale from the Shahezi Formation,Xujiaweizi Fault,Songliao *** excess methane adsorption volumes were measured by the volumetric method and modeled by the Langmuir *** on the findings,the most developed pores are intraparticle pores in clay minerals,followed by the dissolution pores in feldspar,but organic pores are *** selected shales have low helium porosity(mean 1.66%)and ultralow permeability(mean 0.0498×10^(−3)μm^(2)).The pore throats are at the nanoscale,and the pore-throat size distributions are unimodal,with most less than 50 *** studied shales are characterized by the lower specific surface area(SSA)and pore volume(PV)but the larger average pore *** total SSA is contributed by the micro-and mesopores,while the PV is dominated by meso-and *** pore structures are more complex and controlled by multiple factors,such as mineral compositions and diagenesis,but organic matter is not *** maximum absolute adsorption methane volume(VL)is 0.97−3.58 cm^(3)/g(mean 1.90 cm^(3)/g),correlating well with the total SSA,SSA,and pore volume of micropores,which indicates that methane is mainly adsorbed and stored in micropores,followed by mesopores.

关键词： continental shale pore structure methane adsorption Shahezi Formation Songliao Basin

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基于耦合沉积动力学模拟与多点地质统计学方法的河口湾储层三维建模

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地球科学 2024年第1期49卷 174-188页

作者：唐佳凡唐明明卢双舫刘雪萍张克鑫何涛华韩迪中国石油大学深层油气重点实验室山东青岛266580 中国石化胜利油田分公司滨南采油厂山东东营256606 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100871

为提高潮控河口湾储层中少井区三维建模精度,以南美Oriente盆地J油田M1层为研究对象,采用沉积动力学模拟与多点统计学建模方法,设定地形坡折高度、潮汐幅度,河口流速、沉积物粒径等参数建立了研究区三维沉积模型.结合M1层储层特征将沉... 详细信息

为提高潮控河口湾储层中少井区三维建模精度,以南美Oriente盆地J油田M1层为研究对象,采用沉积动力学模拟与多点统计学建模方法,设定地形坡折高度、潮汐幅度,河口流速、沉积物粒径等参数建立了研究区三维沉积模型.结合M1层储层特征将沉积模拟结果转换为三维训练模板,联合井上测井数据,使用多点地质统计学方法构建沉积动力学模拟约束下的潮控河口湾储层三维精细地质模型.结果表明在沉积动力学建立的三维训练模板约束下,模型中取心井结果与岩心拟合程度高,验证井与井上测井数据相对误差为7.6%,高于序贯高斯模拟方法模拟的精度.在潮控河口湾储层中,通过沉积动力学建立三维训练模板约束储层模型,能够在少井区有效提高模型精度,并得到了验证井交叉验证的结果,这将为潮控河口湾含油储层的勘探与开发提供指导.

关键词：河口湾沉积动力学模拟多点地质统计学三维建模 Oriente盆地石油地质

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致密砂砾岩成储界限及分级评价标准——以松辽盆地徐家围子断陷白垩系沙河子组为例

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石油实验地质 2024年第3期46卷 553-564页

作者：王军杰卢双舫林子智周能武张鹏飞黄宏胜郅琪李柏知东北石油大学三亚海洋油气研究院海南三亚572025 东北石油大学陆相页岩油气成藏及高效开发教育部重点实验室黑龙江大庆163318 中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院山东青岛266580 山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院山东青岛266590

徐家围子断陷下白垩统沙河子组砂砾岩储层是松辽盆地深部重要的致密气藏储层,其孔渗关系复杂,给成储界限的厘定和储层分级评价带来挑战。针对沙河子组砂砾岩储层,采用水膜厚度法、充注动力法、试气产能法和力学平衡法厘定了理论下限、... 详细信息

徐家围子断陷下白垩统沙河子组砂砾岩储层是松辽盆地深部重要的致密气藏储层,其孔渗关系复杂,给成储界限的厘定和储层分级评价带来挑战。针对沙河子组砂砾岩储层,采用水膜厚度法、充注动力法、试气产能法和力学平衡法厘定了理论下限、成藏下限、有效渗流下限和成储上限,根据不同成岩作用主控因素下的孔渗关系确定成储界限物性值。在此基础上,结合储层微观孔隙结构差异划分储层类型,建立致密储层分级评价标准,并利用测井资料将分级评价标准进行应用,为研究区致密气甜点区优选提供依据。将沙河子组砂砾岩分为常规储层、Ⅰ—Ⅳ级致密砂砾岩储层和非储层,成储界限与分级评价结果具有很好的匹配关系。其中,常规储层孔隙度大于9%,渗透率大于0.05×10^(-3)μm^(2);Ⅰ级致密储层孔隙度为8%~9%,渗透率为(0.01~0.05)×10^(-3)μm^(2);Ⅱ级致密储层孔隙度为5%~8%,渗透率为(0.001~0.01)×10^(-3)μm^(2);Ⅲ级致密储层孔隙度为3.5%~5%,渗透率为(0.2~1)×10^(-6)μm^(2);Ⅳ级致密储层孔隙度为2%~3.5%,渗透率为(0.05~0.2)×10^(-6)μm^(2);非储层的孔隙度小于2%,渗透率小于0.05×10^(-6)μm^(2)。致密砂砾岩气产量受控于致密储层类型;Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级致密储层是致密气高产的有利层段;徐家围子断陷北部安达—宋站地区有利储层厚度较大,为致密气勘探开发甜点区。

关键词：致密砂砾岩气成储界限分级评价甜点评价徐家围子断陷沙河子组松辽盆地

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压裂液渗吸与富气页岩气井典型生产规律关系剖析

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特种油气藏 2024年第3期31卷 158-166页

作者：王科卢双舫娄毅李楠李海涛叶铠睿张砚李松雷贵州大学资源与环境工程学院贵州贵阳550025 东北石油大学三亚海洋油气研究院海南三亚572024 贵州盘江煤层气开发利用有限责任公司贵州贵阳550081 中国石油新疆油田分公司新疆克拉玛依834000 西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室四川成都610500 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司四川成都610051 中国石油西南油气田分公司四川成都610051 中国石油渤海钻探工程有限公司天津300450

压裂液渗吸会改变储层内的原始气水赋存特征,进而影响页岩气井生产规律。为此,通过动态驱替与核磁共振实验,结合前人研究成果,剖析了孔隙内原始气水分布、压裂液渗吸对通孔和盲孔内气体赋存的影响以及气井生产规律与压裂液渗吸的关系。... 详细信息

压裂液渗吸会改变储层内的原始气水赋存特征,进而影响页岩气井生产规律。为此,通过动态驱替与核磁共振实验,结合前人研究成果,剖析了孔隙内原始气水分布、压裂液渗吸对通孔和盲孔内气体赋存的影响以及气井生产规律与压裂液渗吸的关系。研究表明:孔隙内原始气水赋存类型与矿物种类、裂缝孔径及储层湿度有关,小孔隙、孔角处存在束缚水,大孔隙内甲烷吸附面积随储层湿度的增大而减小,吸附气含量受有机质孔隙占比及成熟度的影响;近裂缝区存在渗吸影响区,在影响区内压裂液渗吸可促进吸附气解吸,并驱替非均衡渗吸通孔中的游离气,压缩均衡渗吸通孔及盲孔中的游离气;非均衡渗吸通孔中被驱替出的气体是水力裂缝中游离气的主要来源之一,只有当井筒、裂缝及影响区内滞留的压裂液排出,各区域内部的气体才能产出,从而导致产气曲线滞后于产水曲线的现象,且裂缝排液阻力远小于基质孔隙排液阻力,是产气及产水曲线呈“L”形递减的主要因素。该研究成果聚焦于压裂液渗吸对气体赋存及产出的影响,可丰富页岩气储层保护理论,对气井高效开发具有指导作用。

关键词：页岩气压裂液渗吸孔隙气水赋存吸附

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Economic feasibility and efficiency enhancement approaches for in situ upgrading of low-maturity organic-rich shale from an energy consumption ratio perspective

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地学前缘 2023年第1期30卷 281-295页

作者： lu shuangfang WANG Jun LI Wenbiao CAO Yixin CHEN Fangwen LI Jijun XUE Haitao WANG Min Sanya Offshore Oil&Gas Research Institute Northeast Petroleum UniversitySanya 572025China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient Development Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing 163318China Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas School of GeosciencesChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China

The technical feasibility of in situ upgrading technology to develop the enormous oil and gas resource potential in low-maturity shale is widely ***,because of the large quantities of energy required to heat shale,its economic feasibility is still a matter of debate and has yet to be convincingly demonstrated *** on the energy conservation law,the energy acquisition of oil and gas generation and the energy consumption of organic matter cracking,shale heat-absorption,and surrounding rock heat dissipation during in situ heating were evaluated in this *** energy consumption ratios for different conditions were determined,and the factors that influence them were *** results show that the energy consumption ratio increases rapidly with increasing total organic carbon(TOC)*** oil-prone shales,the TOC content corresponding to an energy consumption ratio of 3 is approximately 4.2%.This indicates that shale with a high TOC content can be expected to reduce the project cost through large-scale operation,making the energy consumption ratio after consideration of the project cost greater than *** situ heating and upgrading technology can achieve economic *** main methods for improving the economic feasibility by analyzing factors that influence the energy consumption ratio include the following:(1)exploring technologies that efficiently heat shale but reduce the heat dissipation of surrounding rocks,(2)exploring technologies for efficient transformation of organic matter into oil and gas,i.e.,exploring technologies with catalytic effects,or the capability to reduce in situ heating time,and(3)establishing a horizontal well deployment technology that comprehensively considers the energy consumption ratio,time cost,and engineering cost.

关键词： shale gas content in situ upgrading energy consumption ratio high-efficiency heating efficient organic matter transformation

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页岩储集性与含油性的毫米级精细评价及意义——以松辽盆地青山口组一段为例

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石油学报 2024年第6期45卷 961-975页

作者：王鑫蒙启安白云风张金友王民刘召孙先达李进步许承武徐亮邓仔晓吴艳卢双舫深层油气全国重点实验室(中国石油大学(华东)) 山东青岛266580 大庆油田有限责任公司黑龙江大庆163318 东北石油大学黑龙江大庆163318

开展页岩储集性与含油性的毫米级精细评价对研究页岩油的富集特征具有重要意义。以松辽盆地古龙凹陷青山口组一段(青一段)中-高成熟页岩为研究对象,开展了微区X射线荧光光谱、岩石薄片观察、低温氮气吸附实验、高压压汞实验、岩石热解... 详细信息

开展页岩储集性与含油性的毫米级精细评价对研究页岩油的富集特征具有重要意义。以松辽盆地古龙凹陷青山口组一段(青一段)中-高成熟页岩为研究对象,开展了微区X射线荧光光谱、岩石薄片观察、低温氮气吸附实验、高压压汞实验、岩石热解分析和总有机碳含量测定等一系列分析实验。研究结果表明:古龙凹陷青一段重点勘探层段的纹层状和层状页岩中主要发育方解石+黏土矿物纹层、黏土矿物纹层、方解石纹层、长英质纹层、黏土矿物层、黄铁矿层和白云石+黏土矿物层;黏土矿物常与有机质构成有机-黏土矿物复合体,两者之间相互作用,使得黏土矿物纹层/层和方解石/白云石+黏土矿物纹层/层相对于方解石纹层、长英质纹层和黄铁矿层具有更大的孔体积和比表面积,即该类纹层/层中具有更大的页岩油赋存空间,且游离烃含量和轻烃的占比也相对更高。研究明确了黏土矿物和有机质含量是影响古龙凹陷青一段页岩储集性和含油性的主要因素,建议将富有机质、富黏土矿物页岩层段作为勘探首选对象。

关键词：页岩储集性含油性毫米级精细评价青山口组一段松辽盆地

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四川盆地仪陇—平昌地区侏罗系凉高山组页岩油地质特征及富集条件

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岩性油气藏 2024年第2期36卷 52-64页

作者：白雪峰李军辉张大智王有智卢双舫隋立伟王继平董忠良中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院山东青岛266580 多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室黑龙江大庆163712 中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院黑龙江大庆163712

基于钻井岩心的地球化学及其他实验分析结果,结合生产测试资料,对四川盆地仪陇—平昌地区侏罗系凉高山组页岩油地质特征及富集条件进行研究,并划分了勘探有利区。研究结果表明:(1)仪陇—平昌地区凉高山组为早侏罗世第3次湖盆扩张期的沉... 详细信息

基于钻井岩心的地球化学及其他实验分析结果,结合生产测试资料,对四川盆地仪陇—平昌地区侏罗系凉高山组页岩油地质特征及富集条件进行研究,并划分了勘探有利区。研究结果表明:(1)仪陇—平昌地区凉高山组为早侏罗世第3次湖盆扩张期的沉积产物,整体经历了凉下段滨湖—浅湖、凉上段中—下部深湖—半深湖及浅湖、凉上段上部三角洲前缘和浅湖的沉积环境变化。(2)研究区凉高山组页岩可分为长英质页岩、钙质页岩、黏土质页岩等3种;页岩有机质丰度高,TOC值为0.50%~3.39%,平均值为1.30%,有机质类型以Ⅱ_(1)和Ⅱ_(2)型为主,热演化程度高,镜质体反射率(Ro)为1.00%~1.90%,处于高—过成熟阶段。(3)凉高山组页岩物性较好,孔隙度为0.48%~7.17%,平均为3.61%,发育无机成因孔、有机孔和构造缝等储集空间类型;含油性较好,以轻质组分为主,整体呈零散状、点状分布,局部呈团块状富集;凉上段下部富有机质页岩更发育,是目前勘探的重点层位。(4)凉高山组页岩油气的富集受控于前陆盆地过渡期的弱沉降环境、大面积分布的深湖相沉积、较高的热演化程度以及普遍发育的微裂缝。中南部为页岩油气潜力区,页岩储层厚度一般大于15 m,TOC值大于1.50%,孔隙度大于4.00%,R_(o)大于1.30%;凉高山组页岩油资源量为26.75×10^(8)t、页岩气资源量为1.72×10^(12)m^(3),有望成为四川盆地石油产量增加的主力层系。

关键词：页岩油轻质油湖盆扩张期前陆盆地弱沉降环境深湖相高—过成熟阶段微裂缝凉高山组侏罗系仪陇—平昌地区四川盆地

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Research progress on isotopic fractionation in the process of shale gas/coalbed methane migration

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2022年第5期49卷 1069-1084页

作者： LI Wenbiao lu shuangfang LI Junqian WEI Yongbo ZHAO Shengxian ZHANG Pengfei WANG Ziyi LI Xiao WANG Jun Sanya Offshore Oil&Gas Research Institute Northeast Petroleum UniversitySanya 572025China Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient Development Ministry of EducationNortheast Petroleum UniversityDaqing 163318China School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Co.Ltd. Daqing 163712China Shale Gas Research Institute of PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company Chengdu 610051China College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

The research progress of isotopic fractionation in the process of shale gas/coalbed methane migration has been reviewed from three aspects: characteristics and influencing factors, mechanism and quantitative characterization model, and geological application. It is found that the isotopic fractionation during the complete production of shale gas/coalbed methane shows a four-stage characteristic of “stable-lighter-heavier-lighter again”, which is related to the complex gas migration modes in the pores of shale/coal. The gas migration mechanisms in shale/coal include seepage, diffusion, and adsorption/desorption. Among them, seepage driven by pressure difference does not induce isotopic fractionation, while diffusion and adsorption/desorption lead to significant isotope fractionation. The existing characterization models of isotopic fractionation include diffusion fractionation model, diffusion-adsorption/desorption coupled model, and multi-scale and multi-mechanism coupled model. Results of model calculations show that the isotopic fractionation during natural gas migration is mainly controlled by pore structure, adsorption capacity, and initial/boundary conditions of the reservoir rock. So far, the isotope fractionation model has been successfully used to evaluate critical parameters, such as gas-in-place content and ratio of adsorbed/free gas in shale/coal etc. Furthermore, it has shown promising application potential in production status identification and decline trend prediction of gas well. Future research should focus on:(1) the co-evolution of carbon and hydrogen isotopes of different components during natural gas migration,(2) the characterization of isotopic fractionation during the whole process of gas generation-expulsion-migration-accumulation-dispersion, and(3) quantitative characterization of isotopic fractionation during natural gas migration in complex pore-fracture systems and its application.

关键词： shale gas coalbed methane diffusive fractionation adsorption/desorption fractionation isotope fractionation model natural gas migration

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Pore Types and Quantitative Evaluation of Pore Volumes in the Longmaxi Formation Shale of Southeast Chongqing, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第1期92卷 342-353页

作者： CHEN Fangwen lu shuangfang DING Xue Research Institute of Unconventional Oil & Gas and Renewable Energy China University of Petroleum (East China)

The common microscale to nanoscale pore types were introduced and divided into organic and inorganic pores to estimate their contributions to porosity in the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale of southeast Chongqing. Following the material balance principle, the organic porosity values, which changed with formation subsidence and thermal evolution, were calculated using chemical kinetics methods and corrected via the organic porosity correction coefficient, which was obtained from field emission scanning electron microscopy. Grain density values were determined using the contents and true densities of compositions in the shale samples. The total porosity was calculated based on the grain and bulk densities. The inorganic porosity was determined from the difference between the total porosity and organic porosity at the same depth. The results show that inorganic pores mainly contain microfractures, microchannels, clay intergranular pores, intercrystalline pores and intracrystalline pores in the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale of southeast Chongqing. Organic pores mainly include organopore and fossil pore. The total porosity, organic porosity and inorganic porosity of organic-rich shale samples can be quantitatively evaluated using this method. The total porosity, organic porosity and inorganic porosity values of the Longmaxi Formation shale samples from the well Pyl in southeast Chongqing lie in 2.75%-6.14%, 0.08%-2.52% and 1.41%-4.92% with average values of 4.34%, 0.95% and 3.39%, respectively. The contributions of the inorganic pores to the total porosity are significantly greater than those of the organic pores.

关键词： southeast Chongqing Longmaxi Formation shale total porosity organic porosity inorganicporosity

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