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Effect of Different Fertilizer Treatments on Quantity of Soil Microbes and Structure of Ammonium Oxidizing Bacterial Community in a Calcareous Purple Paddy Soil

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第12期7卷 1481-1489页

作者： gu Yun-fu YUN xiang ZHANG xiao-ping TU Shi-hua SUN xi-fa Kristina Lindstrom College of Resource and Environment Sichuan Agricultural University Ya＇an 625014 P.R.China Soil and Fertilizer Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu 610066 P.R.China Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbial University of Helsinki SF-00014 Finland

The quantity of soil microbes and the structure of ammonium oxidizing bacterial （AOB） community were analyzed using the dilution plate counting and most probable number method （MPN）, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE）, respectively. Fertilizer application tended to increase the number of soil microbes and alter the AOB community compared to the control with no fertilizer application （CK）. Among the eight fertilizer treatments, soil samples from the treatments of mineral fertilizers （e.g., N, P, K） in combination with farmyard manure （M） had greater number.s of soil microbes and more complex structure of AOB community than those receiving mineral fertilizers alone. The principal component analyses （PCA） for ammonium oxidizing bacterial community structure showed that the eight fertilizer treatments could be divided into two PCA groups （PCA1 and PCA2）. For the soil sampled after rice harvest, PCA1 included NP, NM, NPM and NPKM fertilizer treatments, while PCA2 was consisted of CK, N, M and NPK fertilizer treatments. For soil samples collected after wheat harvest, PCA1 was consisted of M, NM, NPM and NPKM fertilizer treatments, while PCA2 was composed of CK, N, NP and NPK fertilizer treatments. For a given rotation, the richness of AOB community in PCA1 was greater than that in PCA2. In addition, AOB community structure was more complex in the soil after rice harvest than that after wheat harvest. The results indicated that different fertilizer treatments resulted in substantial changes of soil microbe number and AOB community. Furthermore, mineral fertilizers （N, NP, NPK） combined with farmyard manure were effective for increasing the quantity of soil microbes, enriching AOB community, and improving the soil biofertility.

关键词： long-term fertilization calcareous purple paddy soil DGGE soil microbes AOB community

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A Perspective for Developing Polymer-Based Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Composites

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第6期14卷 39-47页

作者： Yali Zhang Junwei gu Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072ShaanxiPeople’s Republic of China

The rapid development of aerospace weapons and equipment,wireless base stations and 5G communication technologies has put forward newer and higher requirements for the comprehensive performances of polymer-based electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding ***,most of currently prepared polymer-based EMI shielding composites are still difficult to combine high performance and *** response to this,based on the research works of relevant researchers as well as our research group,three possible directions to break through the above bottlenecks are proposed,including construction of efficient conductive networks,optimization of multi-interfaces for lightweight and multifunction compatibility *** future development trends in three directions are prospected,and it is hoped to provide certain theoretical basis and technical guidance for the preparation,research and development of polymer-based EMI shielding composites.

关键词： Polymer composites Electromagnetic interference shielding Conductive network Lightweight

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混合塑料发泡颗粒轻质土的强度特性评价方法

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中国公路学报 2007年第1期20卷 41-46页

作者：顾欢达顾熙苏州科技学院土木工程系江苏苏州215011

针对混合塑料发泡颗粒轻质土的特性,利用两相体模型提出了对其强度及变形等工程性质进行评价的方法;并运用该方法,在考虑构成轻质土两种不同材料性质的基础上,对轻质土的强度与变形特性进行了分析。结果表明:该方法可以比较合理地对塑... 详细信息

针对混合塑料发泡颗粒轻质土的特性,利用两相体模型提出了对其强度及变形等工程性质进行评价的方法;并运用该方法,在考虑构成轻质土两种不同材料性质的基础上,对轻质土的强度与变形特性进行了分析。结果表明:该方法可以比较合理地对塑料发泡颗粒轻质土的应力-应变特征及强度特性进行评价;轻质土强度随轻质填充料体积分数的增大而减小,随龄期的增长而提高。

关键词：道路工程塑料发泡颗粒轻质土两相体模型强度特性评价方法

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Large eddy simulation of flow in a street canyon with tree planting under various atmospheric instability conditions

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 1928-1937页

作者： gu ZhaoLin1, ZHANG YunWei2 & LEI KangBin3 1 School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, xi’an Jiaotong University, xi’an 710049, China 1 School of Energy and Power Engineering, xi’an Jiaotong University, xi’an 710049, China 3 RIKEN Institute, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan 1. School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China2. School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China3. RIKEN Institute Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan

In this work, a large eddy simulation (LES) model, which includes momentum and heat source (or sink) inside the tree planting layer, is proposed for the simulation of flow in a street canyon with tree planting. Vegetation canopy layer simulation shows that this model can be used to simulate the velocity distribution and temperature variation inside the canopy layer. Effects of atmospheric instability on flow and pollutant distribution in a street canyon with tree planting of an aspect ratio of 0.5 are studied. Results show that compared with the canyon with no tree planting (or the exposed street canyon), the canyon with tree planting shows a reduced wind circulation and pollutant exchange rate (PER) at the top layer of the street canyon, which induces the increase in the pollutant concentrations near road surface, leeward wall and windward wall. When street canyon atmosphere is under a strongly unstable condition, wind velocity decreases while pollutant concentration is increased in the areas near the street canyon top, road surface, leeward and windward walls, compared with the wind velocity in the street canyon with the neutral stratification. When street canyon atmosphere is under a weakly unstable condition, wind velocity weakens near the street canyon top and windward wall, but strengthens near the road surface and leeward wall, and pollutant concentration is decreased near the leeward and windward walls and is increased between the two rows of trees. When the street canyon atmosphere is under an unstable condition, PER is lower than that under the neutral stratification.

关键词： street canyon flow tree planting atmospheric instability large eddy simulation pollutant concentration distribution

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Prediction of(n,2n)reaction cross-sections of long-lived fission products based on tensor model

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第10期35卷 208-221页

作者： Jia-Li Huang Hui Wang Ying-Ge Huang Er-xi xiao Yu-Jie Feng xin Lei Fu-Chang gu Long Zhu Yong-Jing Chen Jun Su Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China China Nuclear Data Center China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China

Interest has recently emerged in potential applications of(n,2n)reactions of unstable *** have arisen because of the scarcity of experimental cross-sectional *** study aims to predict the(n,2n)reaction cross-section of long-lived fission products based on a tensor *** tensor model is an extension of the collaborative filtering algorithm used for nuclear *** is based on tensor decomposition and completion to predict(n,2n)reaction cross-sections;the corresponding EXFOR data are applied as training *** reliability of the proposed tensor model was validated by comparing the calculations with data from EXFOR and different *** were made for long-lived fission products such as^(60)Co,^(79)Se,^(93)Zr,^(107)P,^(126)Sn,and^(137)Cs,which provide a predicted energy range to effectively transmute long-lived fission products into shorter-lived or less radioactive *** method could be a powerful tool for completing(n,2n)reaction cross-sectional data and shows the possibility of selective transmutation of nuclear waste.

关键词： (n,2n)Reaction cross-section Tensor model Machine learning Collaborative filtering algorithm Selective transmutation

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Coal analysis using the pulsed neutron generator

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2003年第4期14卷 265-267页

作者： JING Shi-Wei, LIU Lin-Mao, gu De-Shan, QIAO shuang, SANG Hai-Feng, ZHANG Yong-xiang, ZHANG Zhong-Hua,CAO xi-Zheng, TIAN Yu-Bing, CHI Yan-Tao, ZHAO xin-Hui (The Radiation Technology Institute of the Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024) The Radiation Technology Institute of the Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024

A prototype of elemental analyzer for coal has been developed by using a PFTNA (pulse fast thermalneutron analysis) system. The PFTNA technology is based on the reactions such as (n, γ), (n, n'γ), (n, Pγ), etc. byexamining the characteristic gamma rays emitted. In our prototype a pulsed neutron generator provides 14 MeV pulseneutrons, which contribute to the separation of spectrum Ⅱ (the sum of capture and activation spectrum) fiom spec-trum Ⅰ (the sum of inelastic, capture and activation spectrum), and thus to the measurement of C and O contents incoal. Data management is completed by computer program using the least-square regression method. The experimentin Changshan Power Plant for 3 months showed that the precision of calorific value, whole water, volatile content andash content is 0.5 k J/kg, 1.0 wt%, 2.0 wt% and 1.5 wt%, respectively.

关键词：脉冲中子发生器煤 PFTNA gamma射线聚丙烯

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Whole-genome sequencing reveals rare off-target mutations in CRISPR/Cas9-edited grapevine

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 1352-1362页

作者： xianhang Wang Mingxing Tu Ya Wang Wuchen Yin Yu Zhang Hongsong Wu Yincong gu Zhi Li Zhumei xi xiping Wang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F University712100 YanglingShaanxiChina College of Enology Northwest A&F University712100 YanglingShaanxiChina Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F University712100 YanglingShaanxiChina Novogene Technologies Corporation 100000 BeijingChina OEbiotech Corporation 200000 ShanghaiChina

The CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-associated protein 9(Cas9)system is a powerful tool for targeted genome editing,with applications that include plant biotechnology and functional genomics ***,the specificity of Cas9 targeting is poorly investigated in many plant species,including fruit *** assess the off-target mutation rate in grapevine(Vitis vinifera),we performed whole-genome sequencing(WGS)of seven Cas9-edited grapevine plants in which one of two genes was targeted by CRISPR/Cas9 and three wild-type(WT)*** total,we identified between 202,008 and 272,397 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and between 26,391 and 55,414 insertions/deletions(indels)in the seven Cas9-edited grapevine plants compared with the three WT ***,3272 potential off-target sites were selected for further *** one off-target indel mutation was identified from the WGS data and validated by Sanger *** addition,we found 243 newly generated off-target sites caused by genetic variants between the Thompson Seedless cultivar and the grape reference genome(PN40024)but no true off-target *** conclusion,we observed high specificity of CRISPR/Cas9 for genome editing of grapevine.

关键词： Whole Sanger rare

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Peroxidase-like single Fe atoms anchored on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene as surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate for the simultaneous discrimination of multiple antioxidants

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 10053-10060页

作者： Hongyan xi Hongfei gu Yurui Han Tingting You Pengfei Wu Qingqing Liu Lirong Zheng Shuhu Liu Qiang Fu Wenxing Chen Yukun Gao Yuting Wang Penggang Yin Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Energy&Catalysis Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Chemical Physics School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100029China School of Future Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes)are emerging as promising alternatives to mimic natural enzyme,which is due to high atomic utilization efficiency,well-defined geometric,and unique electronic ***,Fe single atoms supported on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(Fe-SA/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x))with intrinsic peroxidase activity is developed,further constructing a sensitive Raman sensor array for sensing of five ***-SA/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)shows excellent peroxidase-like performance in catalyzing the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)with colorimetric reactions.X-ray adsorption fine structure(XAFS)reveals that the electron transport between the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)and Fe atoms occurs along Fe-O-Ti ligands,meanwhile the density functional theory(DFT)calculations confirm the spontaneous dissociation of H_(2)O_(2)and the formation of OH ***,the peroxidase-like Fe-SA/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)was used as surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)substrate of oxidized TMB(TMB+)and achieved satisfied signal amplification *** the blocking effects of free radical reactions,one-off identification of 5 antioxidants,including ascorbic acid(AA),uric acid(UA),glutathione(GSH),melatonin(Mel),and tea polyphenols(TPP),could be realized with this high identifiable catalytic *** principle could realize 100%distinguish accuracy combined with linear discriminant analysis(LDA)and heat map data analysis.A wide detection concentration ranges from 10^(-8)to 10^(-3)M for five antioxidants was also achieved.

关键词： single atom catalyst Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene atomic interface site surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) antioxidants

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Molecular Analysis of Rice CIPKs Involved in Both Biotic and Abiotic Stress Responses

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Rice science 2011年第1期18卷 1-9页

作者： CHEN xi-feng gu Zhi-min LIU Feng MA Bo-jun ZHANG Hong-sheng State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China

Plant calcineurin B-like （CBL） proteins have been proposed as important Ca2＋ sensors and specifically interact with CBL-interacting protein kinases （CIPKs） in plant-specific calcium signaling. Here, we identified and isolated 15 CIPK genes in a japonica rice variety Nipponbare based on the predicted sequences of rice CIPK gene family. Gene structure analysis showed that these 15 genes were divided into intron-less and intron-rich groups, and OsCIPK3 and OsCIPK24 exhibited alternative splicing in their mature process. The phylogenetic analyses indicated that rice CIPKs shared an ancestor with Arabidopsis and poplar CIPKs. Analyses of gene expression showed that these OsCIPK genes were differentially induced by biotic stresses such as bacterial blight and abiotic stresses （heavy metal such as Hg2＋, high salinity, cold and ABA）. Interestingly, five OsCIPK genes, OsCIPK1, 2, 10, 11 and 12, were transcriptionally up-regulated after bacterial blight infection whereas four OsCIPK genes, OsCIPK2, 10, 11 and 14, were induced by all treatments, indicating that some of OsCIPK genes are involved in multiple stress response pathways in plants. Our finding suggests that CIPKs play a key role in both biotic and abiotic stress responses.

关键词： rice CBL-interacting protein kinase family gene expression biotic and abiotic stress bacterial blight

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A novel shark VNAR antibody-based immunotoxin targeting TROP-2 for cancer therapy

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ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B 2024年第11期14卷 4806-4818页

作者： xi, xiaozhi Wang, Yanqing An, guiqi Feng, Shitao Zhu, Qiumei Wu, Zhongqiu Chen, Jin Zuo, Zhicheng Wang, Qiang Wang, Ming-Wei gu, Yuchao Qingdao Univ Sci & Technol Coll Marine Sci & Biol Engn Qingdao 266042 Peoples R China Ocean Univ China Qingdao Marine Sci & Technol Ctr Sch Med & Pharm Lab Marine Drugs & Bioprod Qingdao 266003 Peoples R China Shandong Second Prov Gen Hosp Oncol Dept Jinan 250022 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Engn Sci Coll Chem & Chem Engn Shanghai 201620 Peoples R China Res Ctr Deepsea Bioresources Sanya Hainan 572025 Peoples R China

TROP-2, a tumor-associated antigen, has been implicated in the progression of various epithelial tumors. Due to its favorable expression profile, TROP-2 has emerged as a promising target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) based anti-tumor therapies. Although ADCs have shown efficacy in cancer treatment, their application in solid tumors is hindered by their high molecular weight, poor tumor penetration, and release of cytotoxic molecules. Therefore, a recombinant immunotoxin was developed based on a shark-derived variable domain of immunoglobulin new antigen receptor (VNAR) antibody. VNARs are only one-tenth the size of IgG antibodies and possess remarkable tissue penetration capabilities and high stability. In this study, a shark VNAR phage display library was created, leading to the identification of shark VNAR-5G8 that targets TROP-2. VNAR-5G8 exhibited a high affinity and cellular internalization ability towards cells expressing high levels of TROP-2. Epitope analysis revealed that VNAR-5G8 recognizes a hidden epitope consisting of CRD and TY-1 on TROP-2. Subsequently, VNAR-5G8 was fused with a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38) to create the recombinant immunotoxin (5G8-PE38), which exhibited significant anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Overall, this study highlights the promise of 5G8-PE38 as a valuable candidate for cancer therapy. 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Shark VNAR Immunotoxins TROP-2 Epitope identification Anti-tumor Pseudomonas exotoxin A Nanobody Breast cancer

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