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Regulating the growth of lithium dendrite by coating an ultra-thin layer of gold on separator for improving the fast-charging ability of graphite anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 467-473页

作者： shuaishuai yan Xiaoxia Chen Pan Zhou Peican Wang Hangyu Zhou Weili Zhang Yingchun Xia Kai Liu The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

With the ever-growing application of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs), their fast-charging technology has attracted great interests of scientists. However, growth of lithium dendrites during fast charge of the bat teries with high energy density may pose great threats to the operation and cause serious safety issues Herein, we prepared a functional separator with an ultra-thin(20 nm) layer of Au nanoparticles deposited by evaporation coating method which could regulate growth direction and morphology of the lithium dendrites, owing to nearly zero overpotential of lithium meal nucleation on lithiated Au. Once the Li den drites are about to form on the graphite anode during fast charging(or lithiation), they plate predomi nantly on the Au deposited separator rather than on the graphite. Such selective deposition does no compromise the electrochemical performance of batteries under normal cycling. More importantly, i enables the better cycling stability of batteries at fast charge condition. The Li/Graphite cells with Au nanoparticles coated separator could cycle stably with a high areal capacity retention of 90.5% over 95 cycles at the current density of 0.72 m A cm^(-2). The functional separator provides an effective strategy to adjust lithium plating position at fast charge to ensure high safety of batteries without a compromise on the energy density of LIBs.

关键词： Fast-charging Functional separator Lithium-ion batteries Dendrites Safety

Zwitterionic Matrix with Highly Delocalized Anionic Structure as an Efficient Lithium Ion Conductor

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第7期5卷 1612-1622页

作者： shuaishuai yan yang Lu Fengxiang Liu Yingchun Xia Qiao Li Kai Liu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084

The leakage and volatilization of liquid electrolytes raise potential safety risks in the development of electrochemical energy storage devices with high energy density.Herein,novel solid-state zwitterionic materials containing sulfonyl imide as a highly delocalized anionic structure were synthesized for highly targeted lithium ion conducting matrices.The influences of the molecular structure characteristics on thermal behavior and electrochemical property were investigated comprehensively.Due to the weak Coulomb interaction between the sulfonyl imide moiety and cationic species,the rationally designed zwitterionic electrolytes showed a high conductivity of 0.44 mS cm^(-1).And the obtained high lithium ion transference number of 0.43 is four times higher than that of the widely employed sulfonate analogues.Additionally,excellent cycling stability of the lithium plating/stripping process and super resistance to electrochemical oxidation(up to 5.5 V)were observed.This molecular engineering strategy for lithium ion conductor advances new possibilities for developing solvent-free and non-migrating electrolyte matrix materials for lithium metal batteries.

关键词： zwitterion ion conductor energy storage electrolyte lithium battery

Recent Advances in Electrolytes for High-Voltage Cathodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2023年第2期29卷 120-135页

作者： Wenhui Hou yang Lu Yu Ou Pan Zhou shuaishuai yan Xi He Xuewen Geng Kai Liu Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Power International Development Limited Beijing 100084China

With the increasing scale of energy storage,it is urgently demanding for further advancements on battery technologies in terms of energy density,cost,cycle life and safety.The development of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)not only relies on electrodes,but also the functional electrolyte systems to achieve controllable formation of solid electrolyte interphase and high ionic conductivity.In order to satisfy the needs of higher energy density,high-voltage(>4.3 V)cathodes such as Li-rich layered compounds,olivine LiNiPO_(4),spinel LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4) have been extensively studied.However,high-voltage cathodebased LIBs fade rapidly mainly owing to the anodic decomposition of electrolytes,gradually thickening of interfacial passivation layer and vast irreversible capacity loss,hence encountering huge obstacle toward practical applications.To tackle this roadblock,substantial progress has been made toward oxidation-resistant electrolytes to block its side reaction with high-voltage cathodes.In this review,we discuss degradation mechanisms of electrolytes at electrolyte/cathode interface and ideal requirements of electrolytes for high-voltage cathode,as well as summarize recent advances of oxidation-resistant electrolyte optimization mainly from solvents and additives.With these insights,it is anticipated that development of liquid electrolyte tolerable to high-voltage cathode will boost the large-scale practical applications of high-voltage cathode-based LIBs.

关键词： High-voltage cathodes Oxidation resistance Electrolytes optimization Solvents Additives

A review of fire-extinguishing agent on suppressing lithium-ion batteries fire

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 262-280,I0006页

作者： Shuai Yuan Chongye Chang shuaishuai yan Pan Zhou Xinming Qian Mengqi Yuan Kai Liu State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100084China Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100081China

Safety issue of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)such as fires and explosions is a significant challenge for their large scale applications.Considering the continuously increased battery energy density and wider large-scale battery pack applications,the possibility of LIBs fire significantly increases.Because of the fast burning and the easy re-ignition characteristics of LIBs,achieving an efficient and prompt LIBs fire suppression is critical for minimizing the fire hazards.Different from conventional fire hazards,the LIBs fire shows complicated and comprehensive characteristics,and an effective and suitable fire-extinguishing agent particularly designed for LIBs is highly desirable.Considerable efforts have been devoted to this topic,to the best of our knowledge,a comprehensive review on this regard is still rare.Moreover,in practice,a guidance for the design and selections of a proper fire-extinguishing agent for LIBs is urgently needed.Herein,the special mechanisms and characteristics for LIBs fire and the corresponding design principles for LIBs fire-extinguishing agent were introduced.It is revealed that a fire-extinguishing agent developed for LIBs fire will most likely need a high heat capacity,high wetting,low viscosity and low electrical conductivity.After a comprehensive comparison of these agents in terms of these performances,water-based fire-extinguishing agents show best.Several typical fire-extinguishing agents such as gaseous agents,dry powders,water-based and aerosol fire-extinguishing agents were then introduced,and their fire extinguishment mechanisms were presented.Finally,their effectiveness in suppressing the fire were summarized.Water-based fire-extinguishing agents possess high cooling capacity and excellent anti-reflash performance for the fire.We believe this review could shed light on developing an efficient fire-extinguishing agent particularly designed for LIBs.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Battery safety Fire-extinguishing agent Fire suppression

A thermoresponsive composite separator loaded with paraffin@SiO_(2) microparticles for safe and stable lithium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 423-430,I0009页

作者： Hao Dong Peican Wang shuaishuai yan Yingchun Xia Baoguo Wang Xiaolin Wang Kai Liu The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinglma UniversityBeijing 100084China

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)-related accidents have been reported for years and safety issues are stumbling blocks for the practical applications of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with higher energy density. More effective strategies to shut down the battery at the early stage of thermal runaway with less side effects on the electrochemical performance are greatly desired. In this work, the core–shell structural paraffin@SiO_(2) microparticles were synthesized by in situ emulsion interfacial hydrolysis and polycondensation and the paraffin@SiO_(2)-loaded separator (PSS) was prepared by a facile filtration method. The introduction of hydrophilic silica shells in paraffin@SiO_(2) enhanced the wettability of carbonate electrolyte with the composite separator and improved the processability of soft paraffin. As a result, when used in LMBs at room temperature, the cell with PSS inside had a more uniform deposition of lithium, a much lower overpotential and a more stable electrochemical performance than the cell with the blank separator or the conventional pure paraffin-loaded separator inside. More significantly, when a heating stimulation (i.e. 115 ℃) was subjected to the cell with PSS inside, the paraffin in the core of paraffin@SiO_(2) could be released, blocking the gaps between particles and the pores in the separator and efficiently stopping the transportation of Li+ between two electrodes, resulting in the thermally-induced shutdown of the cell below the melting temperature of PE (~135 ℃) in the Celgard2325 separator. The core–shell structure of paraffin@SiO_(2) enables the maintaining of each component’s benefits while avoiding each one’s drawbacks by elaborating microstructural design. Therefore, the conventional dilemma between the electrochemcial performance and safety of LMBs could be solved in the future.

关键词： Thermally-induced shutdown Separator Paraffin@SiO_(2) Lithium batteries Safety Wettability

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低温锂电池电解液的研究与应用

储能科学与技术 2024年第7期13卷 2224-2242页

作者：陆洋闫帅帅马骁刘誌章伟立刘凯清华大学化学工程系北京100084

随着电动汽车和消费电子领域的快速发展,由锂电池主导的现代新能源市场对电化学储能技术的性能要求愈发多元化。锂电池的有效工作温度范围是影响其实际应用的关键性能之一,但是在低温环境下,商用碳酸酯基电解液的电导率明显下降,黏度上... 详细信息

随着电动汽车和消费电子领域的快速发展,由锂电池主导的现代新能源市场对电化学储能技术的性能要求愈发多元化。锂电池的有效工作温度范围是影响其实际应用的关键性能之一,但是在低温环境下,商用碳酸酯基电解液的电导率明显下降,黏度上升,电极和电解液中锂离子的迁移变得困难,导致电池放电容量下降,循环寿命缩短,严重限制了锂电池的实际应用范围,因此,设计高性能的低温电解液用于提高锂电池低温性能是拓宽锂电池实际应用范围的关键。本文针对性分析了锂电池低温性能衰退的原因,从传统电解液优化和新型低温电解液两个方面综述了低温电解液的研究发展现状,归纳总结了低温电解液中有关溶剂、溶质、添加剂和溶剂化结构的相关研究。本文着重介绍了优化锂离子去溶剂化过程在低温电解液设计中的指导性意义,强调了微观溶剂化结构对理解低温下的界面和锂离子的迁移行为的关键作用,旨在从更全面的角度、更有效地指导未来低温电解液的设计,为低温环境下大容量储能系统研究提供借鉴。

关键词：锂离子电池锂金属电池低温电解液溶剂化结构

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Two-Dimensional Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Reinforced Spinterface in Organic Spin Valves

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 208-217页

作者： Xiaoyu Song Chao Jin Hongliang Chen shuaishuai Ding Zhongyi Liu yang Li Xiaoli yan Wenbo Mi Long Chen Wenping Hu Department of Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai UniverisityYantaiShandong 264005 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Processing Technology School of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072 State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130012

Interface engineering in device fabrication is a significant but complicated issue.Although great successes have been achieved by conventional physical in situ or ex situ methods,it still suffers from complicated procedures.In this work,we present a facile method for fabricating phthalocyanine(Pc)-based two-dimensional conductive metal–organic framework(MOF)films.Based on PcM-Cu(M=Ni,Cu,H_(2))MOF films,spin valves with a vertical configuration of La_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_(3)/PcM-Cu MOFs/Co were constructed successfully,and exhibited notably high negative magnetoresistance(MR)up to -22% at 50 K.The penetrated Co atoms coordinated with the dehydrogenated hydroxy groups in the MOFs resulting in an antiferromagnetic layer of the PcM-Cu-Co hybrid structure.Interestingly,a significant exchange bias effect was demonstrated at the PcM-Cu MOF/Co interface,beneficial for the MR behavior.Thus,our present study provides new insights into developing high-performance organic spin valves via de novo molecular design.

关键词： two-dimensional conductive metal-organic framework two-dimensional polymer phthalocyanine spintronics organic spin valve

基于“15分钟社区生活圈”视角下的公众参与策略探析

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公共艺术 2022年第3期 50-57页

作者：严帅帅上海市城市规划设计研究院

随着我国城镇化发展水平的不断提高,居民更加关注生活品质的提升,对公共空间尤其是社区空间的品质有了更高的追求,市民需求作为推动城市发展的动力,在促使城市规划过程中公众的参与越来越受到重视。“15分钟社区生活圈”作为社区层面的... 详细信息

随着我国城镇化发展水平的不断提高,居民更加关注生活品质的提升,对公共空间尤其是社区空间的品质有了更高的追求,市民需求作为推动城市发展的动力,在促使城市规划过程中公众的参与越来越受到重视。“15分钟社区生活圈”作为社区层面的规划概念,更加贴近社区居民的日常生活,社区的空间属性和社群特征也决定了“15分钟社区生活圈”与公众有着更加紧密的联系。本文基于“15分钟社区生活圈理念”,通过梳理该社区生活圈在国内的发展进程,探讨公众参与的必要性和存在的问题,探寻公众参与的优化策略,以期为下一步工作的推进提供参考。

关键词： 15分钟社区生活圈公众参与社区规划,社区营造制度完善

公共艺术为媒,城市空间的“共栖”探索与实践:以第五届上海城市空间艺术季为例

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公共艺术 2023年第4期 28-37页

作者：严帅帅上海市城市规划设计研究院

公共艺术对于塑造和优化空间,增强空间的辨识度有着极为重要的作用。公共艺术作为一种媒介,成为连接人与空间的情感纽带和信息纽带,越来越多的案例表明,公共艺术向公众展示城市发展理念时更容易引起共鸣,从而吸引公众的关注和参与。本... 详细信息

公共艺术对于塑造和优化空间,增强空间的辨识度有着极为重要的作用。公共艺术作为一种媒介,成为连接人与空间的情感纽带和信息纽带,越来越多的案例表明,公共艺术向公众展示城市发展理念时更容易引起共鸣,从而吸引公众的关注和参与。本文以第五届上海城市空间艺术季为例,阐述其项目背景、阐释“共栖”主题、探讨上海城市空间艺术季如何以公共艺术为媒介,展示上海生态空间的特色,推广绿色生态相关理念,推动城市空间的共栖探索与实践。

关键词：上海城市空间艺术季 “共栖” 公共艺术媒介生态公共空间城市更新