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VPFL:A verifiable privacy-preserving federated learning scheme for edge computing systems

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数字通信与网络:英文版 2023年第4期9卷 981-989页

作者： Jiale Zhang Yue Liu Di Wu shuai lou Bing Chen Shui Yu School of Information Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot010018China Deakin Blockchain Innovation Lab School of Information TechnologyDeakin UniversityMelbourneVIC3125Australia College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing211106China School of Computer Science University of Technology SydneySydney2007Australia

Federated learning for edge computing is a promising solution in the data booming era,which leverages the computation ability of each edge device to train local models and only shares the model gradients to the central ***,the frequently transmitted local gradients could also leak the participants’private *** protect the privacy of local training data,lots of cryptographic-based Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning(PPFL)schemes have been ***,due to the constrained resource nature of mobile devices and complex cryptographic operations,traditional PPFL schemes fail to provide efficient data confidentiality and lightweight integrity verification *** tackle this problem,we propose a Verifiable Privacypreserving Federated Learning scheme(VPFL)for edge computing systems to prevent local gradients from leaking over the transmission ***,we combine the Distributed Selective Stochastic Gradient Descent(DSSGD)method with Paillier homomorphic cryptosystem to achieve the distributed encryption functionality,so as to reduce the computation cost of the complex ***,we further present an online/offline signature method to realize the lightweight gradients integrity verification,where the offline part can be securely outsourced to the edge *** security analysis demonstrates the proposed VPFL can achieve data confidentiality,authentication,and *** last,we evaluate both communication overhead and computation cost of the proposed VPFL scheme,the experimental results have shown VPFL has low computation costs and communication overheads while maintaining high training accuracy.

关键词： Federated learning Edge computing Privacy-preserving Verifiable aggregation Homomorphic cryptosystem

盐渍化耕地秸秆深埋配施氮对玉米根系及产量的影响

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中国土壤与肥料 2024年第1期 86-94页

作者：袁鹏伟杨树青张万锋娄帅刘红霞内蒙古农业大学内蒙古呼和浩特010018 内蒙古师范大学内蒙古呼和浩特010018 内蒙古自治区农牧业生态与资源保护中心内蒙古呼和浩特010010

为探究盐渍化耕地秸秆深埋下不同施氮水平对玉米根系形态和产量的影响,在河套灌区开展了为期两年的田间试验。试验设置对照(CK)、不施氮(N0)、施氮135 kg·hm^(-2)(N1)、施氮180 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(2))、施氮225 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(3))5个处理... 详细信息

为探究盐渍化耕地秸秆深埋下不同施氮水平对玉米根系形态和产量的影响,在河套灌区开展了为期两年的田间试验。试验设置对照(CK)、不施氮(N0)、施氮135 kg·hm^(-2)(N1)、施氮180 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(2))、施氮225 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(3))5个处理,分别在拔节期、吐丝期、成熟期采集玉米根系样品。结果表明,盐渍化耕地秸秆深埋下,适量施氮(N_(2))显著促进玉米根系生长,全生育期总根长、根表面积和根体积,相比N0处理分别增加67.65%、86.71%和62.95%,根干质量两年平均增加94.63%,根冠比平均增加16.43%。过量施氮(N_(3))虽对40~60 cm土层根系有促进作用,但总体上仍表现出抑制作用,相较于N_(2)处理,N_(3)处理生育期总根长、根表面积和根体积分别减少12.45%、17.48%和18.07%,根干质量两年平均减少11.68%,根冠比平均减少8.22%。相比CK处理,适量施氮(N_(2))处理两年平均增产4.96%。因此,建议河套灌区玉米适宜的施氮水平为180 kg·hm^(-2),研究成果可为优化盐渍化地区玉米施氮水平及提高秸秆资源化利用提供理论依据。

关键词：盐渍化耕地秸秆深埋氮配施根系产量玉米

Nickel Sulfide Modified NiCu Nanoalloy with Excellent Oxygen Evolution Reaction Properties Prepared through Electrospinning and Heat Treatment

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第2期39卷 320-326页

作者：李涛凌帅 ZHONG Shujie lou Qiongyue Department of Materials Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringChengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

Ni^(2+)/Cu^(2+)/SO_(4)^(2-)/polyvinyl alcohol precursor fibers with uniform diameters were prepared through ***-based composite nanoalloys containing Ni,Cu,and S were prepared through heat treatment in an Ar *** experimental results show that the main components of the prepared nanoalloys are NiCu,Ni_(3)S_(2),Ni,and *** nanoalloys exhibit fine grain sizes about 200-500 nm,which can increase with increasing heat treatment *** test results show that the nickel sulfidemodified NiCu nanoalloy composites exhibit excellent oxygen evolution reaction properties,and the oxygen evolution reaction properties gradually improve with the increasing heat treatment *** sample prepared at 1 000℃ for 40 min show a low overpotential of 423 mV and a small Tafel slope of 134 mV·dec^(-1) at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2).

关键词： NiCu nanoalloy Ni_(3)S_(2) structure transformation oxygen evolution reaction

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岱海水面蒸发与气象要素关系分析

广东水利水电 2024年第6期 62-68页

作者：杨宇高峰马鑫秦艳春薛宇乐宋日权娄帅郭建强内蒙古自治区水利科学研究院呼和浩特010050 乌兰察布水文水资源分中心内蒙古乌兰察布013570 内蒙古农业大学呼和浩特010018 内蒙古自治区水利水电勘测设计院有限公司呼和浩特010020

该文以岱海为研究对象,以乌兰察布市凉城县岱海镇三苏木水文站为依托,以水面蒸发物理成因为基础,根据蒸发实测资料,建立了20 cm口径蒸发器与E601型蒸发器与气温、相对湿度、水汽压、降水量、风速、地温、日照等气象要素的相关性分析,通... 详细信息

该文以岱海为研究对象,以乌兰察布市凉城县岱海镇三苏木水文站为依托,以水面蒸发物理成因为基础,根据蒸发实测资料,建立了20 cm口径蒸发器与E601型蒸发器与气温、相对湿度、水汽压、降水量、风速、地温、日照等气象要素的相关性分析,通过SPSS双侧相关性检验以及散点图趋势线分析,20 cm口径蒸发器监测蒸发量时更灵敏,与气象要素相关性更好,对于气象要素的变化反应更敏感;气象要素对蒸发量的影响中,对蒸发量影响最大的是最高地面温度,其次是日照时数、平均相对湿度和最高气温,最高地面温度、最高气温越高、日照时数越长、风速越高,蒸发量越大;平均相对湿度越大,环境中水汽含量越高,蒸发量越小。

关键词：岱海水面蒸发气温相对湿度水汽压降水量风速地温日照时数

Natural long-chain saturated fatty acids doped LNPs enabling spleen selective mRNA translation and potent cancer immunotherapy

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1804-1817页

作者： Fazhan Wang Meng Zhang Meiling Tian Jia lou Longze Pan Xiaoke Gao Lijing Zhang Xiaohan lou Linyu Zhu Yuqiao Sheng Ming Wang Rui Xue Wenjing Deng shuai Shao Zhihai Qin Medical Research Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Translational Medical Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Neuro-Intensive Care Unit The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Academy of Medical Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

Rationally tailored lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)with efficient and tunable delivery of mRNA in vivo are crucial for mRNA *** expression of antigenic protein in lymphoid tissues/organs could improve the immunostimulatory efficacy and safety of LNPs-based mRNA *** by the metabolic behavior that long-chain saturated fatty acids tending to enter lymphoid tissue rather than the liver,we developed fatty acid-doped LNPs capable of mediating differential protein expressions in the liver and spleen when administered *** the molar ratio of saturated fatty acid located 60%–70%,the doped LNPs achieved the spleen selective mRNA *** mechanism could be attributed to the different cellular uptake behaviors of saturated fatty acids in *** with a model antigen(ovalbumin)mRNA-loaded spleen selective LNPs,we observed enhanced antigen-specific T cell immune responses,and potent immunotherapeutic and immunoprophylactic efficacy in the mouse lymphoma *** natural long-chain saturated fatty acids metabolic characteristics-inspired design of LNPs for spleen-selective mRNA vaccines delivery will provide references for designing mRNA vaccines with high efficacy and safety for tumor immunotherapy.

关键词： mRNA vaccine lipid nanoparticles spleen long-chain saturated fatty acid cancer immunotherapy

Effective transport network driven by tortuosity gradient enables high-electrochem-active solid-state batteries

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National Science Review 2023年第3期10卷 178-188页

作者： Qing-Song Liu Han-Wen An Xu-Feng Wang Fan-Peng Kong Ye-Cai Sun Yu-Xin Gong shuai-Feng lou Yi-Fan Shi Nan Sun Biao Deng Jian Wang Jia-Jun Wang Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(MIIT) Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology(HIT) Chongqing Research Institute of HIT Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Canadian Light Source Inc. University of Saskatchewan

Simultaneously achieving high electro chemical activity and high loading for solid-state batteries has been hindered by slow ion transport within solid electrodes,in particular with an increase in electrode *** transport governed by ’point-to-point’ diffusion inside a solid-state electrode is challenging,but still remains ***,synchronized electrochemical analysis using X-ray tomography and ptychography reve als new insights into the nature of slow ion transport in solid-state electrodes.’hickness-dependent delithiation kinetics are spatially probed to identify that low-delithiation kinetics originate from the high tortuous and slow longitudinal transport *** fabricating a tortuosity-gradient electrode to create an effective ion-percolation network,the tortuosity-gradient electrode architecture promotes fast charge transport,migrates the heterogeneous solid-state reaction,enhances electrochemical activity and extends cycle life in thick solid-state ele *** findings establish effective transport pathways as key design principles for realizing the promise of solid-state high-loading cathodes.

关键词： all-solid-state batteries thick electrodes lithiation/delithiation heterogeneity tortuosity gradient synchrotron techniques

LogPruner: detect, analyze and prune logging calls in Android apps

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第5期61卷 101-103页

作者： Xin ZHOU Kaidong WU Huaqian CAI shuai lou Ying ZHANG Gang HUANG School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University

Dear editor,Android is a popular mobile operating system that is accounted for more than 87%of all smartphone sales in the second quarter of *** number of available apps hosted in Google play store has reached to 3.5 M at the end of 2017 and is *** developing apps,developers usually use log messages for debugging and diagnosing their apps in order to fix bugs or locate the performance bottlenecks[1,2].At release stage,the logging messages should be muted for security consideration and higher ***,

关键词： LogPruner analyze and prune logging calls in Android apps detect Figure

磷石膏和碱蓬对盐渍化土壤水盐及细菌群落结构的影响

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环境科学 2023年第4期44卷 2325-2337页

作者：刘月杨树青张万锋娄帅内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院呼和浩特010018 内蒙古师范大学旅游学院呼和浩特010022

盐渍土改良是农田土壤环境不可忽视的重要问题,土壤盐分的改变势必会影响土壤细菌群落.试验基于河套灌区中度盐渍土,以当地无改良措施枸杞园为对照(CK),设施加磷石膏(LSG)、枸杞间种碱蓬(JP)及施加磷石膏和枸杞间种碱蓬(LSG+JP)的改良处... 详细信息

盐渍土改良是农田土壤环境不可忽视的重要问题,土壤盐分的改变势必会影响土壤细菌群落.试验基于河套灌区中度盐渍土,以当地无改良措施枸杞园为对照(CK),设施加磷石膏(LSG)、枸杞间种碱蓬(JP)及施加磷石膏和枸杞间种碱蓬(LSG+JP)的改良处理,探究枸杞生育期内不同改良方式对土壤水分、盐分、养分和细菌群落结构多样性的影响.结果表明,相较CK,在开花期至落叶期LSG+JP显著降低了土壤EC值和pH值(P<0.05),平均降低39.96%和7.25%;全生育期内LSG+JP显著提高了土壤有机质(OM)和速效磷(AP)含量(P<0.05),年平均提高81.85%和203.50%;开花期和落叶期LSG+JP显著提高了全氮(TN)含量(P<0.05),年平均提高48.91%.改良初期LSG+JP的Shannon指数较CK提高了3.31%和6.54%,Chao1指数较CK提高了24.95%和43.26%;土壤优势菌门为变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门和酸杆菌门,优势菌属为鞘脂单胞菌属.开花期至落叶期改良处理的变形菌门相对丰度较CK增加了0.50%~16.27%,改良处理的放线菌门相对丰度在开花期和盛果期较CK增加了1.91%~4.98%.冗余分析(RDA)结果表明pH值、含水率(WT)和AP是影响细菌群落组成的重要因素,相关性热图显示变形菌门和拟杆菌门与EC值呈极显著负相关(P<0.001),放线菌门和硝化螺菌与EC值呈显著负相关(P<0.01).综上,施用磷石膏和枸杞间种碱蓬(LSG+JP)能显著降低土壤盐分、提高养分和改善土壤细菌群落结构多样性,有利于河套灌区盐渍土长效改良和维护土壤生态健康.

关键词：磷石膏碱蓬细菌群落结构多样性盐碱地改良高通量测序

微咸水灌溉下微生物菌肥对盐渍土理化性质和细菌群落的影响

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环境科学 2023年第8期44卷 4585-4598页

作者：刘月杨树青张万锋娄帅内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院呼和浩特010018 内蒙古师范大学旅游学院呼和浩特010022

微生物菌肥改良盐渍土具有高效、绿色环保等优势,同时施加微生物菌肥是安全利用微咸水的有效方式.试验基于河套灌区中度盐渍土,以枸杞为指示植物,在微咸水灌溉条件下设置施加不同微生物菌肥量F1(4500 kg·km^(-2))、F2(7500 kg·km^(-2)... 详细信息

微生物菌肥改良盐渍土具有高效、绿色环保等优势,同时施加微生物菌肥是安全利用微咸水的有效方式.试验基于河套灌区中度盐渍土,以枸杞为指示植物,在微咸水灌溉条件下设置施加不同微生物菌肥量F1(4500 kg·km^(-2))、F2(7500 kg·km^(-2))、F3(10500 kg·km^(-2))和无菌肥(CK)这4个处理,研究枸杞4个关键生育期(开花期、果实膨大期、盛果期和落叶期)不同微生物菌肥施用量对土壤盐基离子、水分、pH值、养分和细菌群落的影响.结果表明,相较CK,F1仅显著降低了前2个生育期Na+含量(P<0.05),而F2和F3均显著降低全生育期Na+含量(P<0.05),平均降低33.66%和57.98%;F3显著提高了全生育期的土壤含水率(MC)、有机质(OM)、碱解氮(AN)和速效磷(AP)含量(P<0.05).枸杞生育旺盛期,F3的Shannon指数较CK提高了4.41%;土壤优势菌门为变形菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门,优势菌属为鞘脂单胞菌属和假单胞菌属.研究区细菌群落最丰富的功能是化学异养和需氧化学异养,平均相对丰度分别为15.07%和13.16%,施肥处理增加土壤细菌的几丁质分解功能和叶绿体功能,其中F2的增加程度最高.典型相关分析(CCA)结果表明,MC、Na+和OM是影响细菌群落组成的重要因素,相关性热图显示MC和浮霉菌门呈显著正相关(P<0.01),Gp6和AN呈显著正相关(P<0.01).相较CK,F3处理在生育期内增加了Gp6的相对丰度,优化了群落结构.综上,微咸水灌溉下施用10500 kg·km^(-2)的微生物菌肥(F3处理)可显著降低土壤盐分、提高养分和改善土壤细菌群落结构多样性,利于微咸水安全利用和维护土壤生态健康.

关键词：微咸水灌溉微生物菌肥盐渍土改良细菌群落高通量测序