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Estimating the optimal vegetation coverage for the dominant tree and shrub species over China's northwest drylands

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1500-1517页

作者： Zhongdian ZHANG Xiaoxu JiA Ping ZHU Mingbin HUANG Lidong ren Ming’an SHAO School of Geographic Sciences Xinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Yellow River Delta Modern Agricultural Engineering Laboratory Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Anthropogenic revegetation is an effective way to control soil erosion and restore degraded ecosystems in China's northwest drylands(NWD).However,excessive vegetation cover expansion has long been known to increase evapotranspiration,leading to reduced local water availability,which can in turn threaten the health and services of restored *** the optimal vegetation coverage(OVC)is critical for balancing the trade-off between plant growth and water consumption in water-stressed areas,yet quantitative assessments over the entire NWD are still *** this study,a modified Biome BioGeochemical Cycles(Biome-BGC)model was used to simulate the long-term(1961–2020)dynamics of actual evapotranspiration(ET_(a)),net primary productivity(NPP),and leaf area index(LAi)for the dominant non-native tree(*** and ***)and shrub(*** and ***)species at 246 meteorological sites over *** modified model incorporated the Richards equation to simulate transient unsaturated water flow in a multilayer soil module,and both soil and eco-physiological parameters required by the model were validated using field-observed ETadata for each *** distributions of OVC(given by the mean maximum LAi,LAi_(max))for the dominant species were determined within three hydrogeomorphic sub-areas(i.e.,the loess hilly-gully sub-area,the windy and sandy sub-area,and the desert sub-area).The modified Biome-BGC model performed well in terms of simulating ET_(a) dynamics for the four plant *** distributions of mean ET_a,NPP,and LAi_(max)generally exhibited patterns similar to mean annual precipitation(MAP).in the loess hilly-gully sub-area(MAP:210 to 710 mm),the OVC respectively ranged from 1.7 to 2.9 and 0.8 to 2.9 for *** and *** the windy and sandy sub-area(MAP:135 to 500 mm),the OVC ranged from 0.3 to 3.3,0.5 to 2.6 and 0.6 to 2.1for ***,*** and ***,*** the desert sub-

关键词： Optimal vegetation coverage Water balance Leaf area index Biome-BGC model Dryland

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Shear mechanical properties and frictional sliding responses of rough joint surfaces under dynamic normal displacement conditions

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第7期31卷 2393-2410页

作者： ZHU Qiang YiN Qian TAO Zhi-gang HE Man-chao ZHENG Bo-wen JiNG Hong-wen ren shu-lin ZHANG Qiang MENG Bo BAi Dong-feng WU Sai-sai WU Jiang-yu State Key Laboratory of intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering Xuzhou 221116China State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics&Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China CCCC First Highway Survey and Design Research institute Co. Ltd.Xi’an 710075China

A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic frictional characteristics in rock joints under high normal load and strong confinement is essential for ensuring the safety of deep engineering construction and mitigating geological *** study conducted shear experiments on rough rock joints under displacement-controlled dynamic normal loads,investigating the shear behaviors of joints across varying initial normal loads,normal loading frequencies,and normal loading *** results showed that the peak/valley shear force values increased with initial normal loads and normal loading frequencies but showed an initial increase followed by a decrease with normal loading *** normal loading can either increase or decrease shear strength,while this study demonstrates that higher frequencies lead to enhanced *** initial normal loading and normal loading frequency result in a gradual decrease in joint roughness coefficient(JRC)values of joint surfaces after *** correlations existed between frictional energy dissipation and peak shear forces,while post-shear joint surface roughness exhibited a negative correlation with peak shear forces through linear regression *** study contributes to a better understanding of the sliding responses and shear mechanical characteristics of rock joints under dynamic disturbances.

关键词： dynamic normal displacement shear strength variations phase lag phenomenon stick-slip

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Reoxidation of liquid steel and evolution of inclusions during protective atmosphere electroslag remelting of Ce-containing heat-resistant stainless steel

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Journal of iron and Steel Research international 2024年第8期31卷 1923-1935页

作者： Yu Zhao Cheng-bin Shi Shijun Wang Peng ren Jing Li State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing 100083China

The evolution of Ce-containing inclusions and its correlation with the reoxidation of liquid steel during protective atmosphere electroslag remelting(ESR)of heat-resistant steel were *** reoxidation of liquid steel took place during the ESR,resulting in the oxygen pickup from 0.0014 to 0.0053 wt.%.The inclusions in the consumable electrode,liquid metal pool and remelted ingot are Ce_(2)O_(2)S and Ce_(2)O,inclusions *** inclusions in the remelted ingot are originated from three ways:(i)the original inclusions from the electrode;(il)the newly formed Ce_(2)O_(2)S and Ce_(2)O_(3) inclusions in the liquid metal pool by reoxidation remaining still in remelted ingot;(ili)the newly generated Ce2O2S and Ce_(2)O_(3) inclusions during cooling and solidification of liquid *** relative proportions of Ce_(2)O_(3) inclusions in liquid metal pool and remelted ingot are 41% and 76.5%,*** inclusions ranging from 2 to 5μm in the remelted ingot take up 55%,followed by the inclusions smaller than 2μm(43%of total inclusions).The number proportion of the Ce_(2)0,inclusions in the liquid metal pool which were removed by floating up into slag is 1.96×10-5%.

关键词： Non-metallic inclusion Electroslag remelting Rare earth cerium Reoxidation inclusion evolution

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基于单端分支系数的四端柔直环网线路保护方案

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高电压技术 2024年第2期50卷 683-692,I0014-I0016页

作者：束洪春任敏田鑫萃李涛昆明理工大学电力工程学院昆明650504

为提升直流线路保护在柔性直流环网中的速动性与可靠性,提出一种基于单端分支系数的保护方案。分析了不同故障位置下各换流阀提供的故障电流分量,并根据单端换流阀极线电流突变量构造分支系数,结果表明线路保护区内故障下的单端分支系... 详细信息

为提升直流线路保护在柔性直流环网中的速动性与可靠性,提出一种基于单端分支系数的保护方案。分析了不同故障位置下各换流阀提供的故障电流分量,并根据单端换流阀极线电流突变量构造分支系数,结果表明线路保护区内故障下的单端分支系数小于区外故障,利用该特征构造区内、外故障识别元件。在线路高阻接地致使主保护失效时,根据桥臂最大允许电流决定线路纵联后备保护的开放时限,以优化现有主、后备保护方案之间的时序配合方案,保障各种直流线路故障工况下,换流阀不间断运行。保护方案不依赖线路边界元件,算法简单,大量仿真结果表明,该方案有良好的耐受过渡电阻能力,能在换流阀闭锁前实现故障区域可靠识别。

关键词：柔性直流电网分支系数接地故障故障电流解析故障识别保护时序配合

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Uncertainty-Aware Deep Learning: A Promising Tool for Trustworthy Fault Diagnosis

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iEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1317-1330页

作者： Jiaxin ren Jingcheng Wen Zhibin Zhao Ruqiang Yan Xuefeng Chen Asoke K.Nandi School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Brunel University LondonKingston LaneUxbridgeUB83PHUK iEEE

Recently,intelligent fault diagnosis based on deep learning has been extensively investigated,exhibiting state-of-the-art ***,the deep learning model is often not truly trusted by users due to the lack of interpretability of“black box”,which limits its deployment in safety-critical applications.A trusted fault diagnosis system requires that the faults can be accurately diagnosed in most cases,and the human in the deci-sion-making loop can be found to deal with the abnormal situa-tion when the models *** this paper,we explore a simplified method for quantifying both aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty in deterministic networks,called *** SAEU,Multivariate Gaussian distribution is employed in the deep architecture to compensate for the shortcomings of complexity and applicability of Bayesian neural *** on the SAEU,we propose a unified uncertainty-aware deep learning framework(UU-DLF)to realize the grand vision of trustworthy fault ***,our UU-DLF effectively embodies the idea of“humans in the loop”,which not only allows for manual intervention in abnor-mal situations of diagnostic models,but also makes correspond-ing improvements on existing models based on traceability ***,two experiments conducted on the gearbox and aero-engine bevel gears are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of UU-DLF and explore the effective reasons behind.

关键词： Out-of-distribution detection traceability analysis trustworthy fault diagnosis uncertainty quantification.

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血清色氨酸、酪氨酸与阿尔茨海默病之间的关系

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生物化学与生物物理进展 2024年第2期51卷 435-446页

作者：任蜀江敬小钧张华重庆医科大学附属第一医院神经内科重庆400016

目的越来越多的研究表明,代谢物的失衡与阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)之间存在密切的联系。近年来,代谢组学的发展使研究AD周围代谢的特征性变化成为可能。有研究表明,血清色氨酸(tryptophan,Trp)、酪氨酸(tyrosine,Tyr)水平... 详细信息

目的越来越多的研究表明,代谢物的失衡与阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)之间存在密切的联系。近年来,代谢组学的发展使研究AD周围代谢的特征性变化成为可能。有研究表明,血清色氨酸(tryptophan,Trp)、酪氨酸(tyrosine,Tyr)水平与轻度认知功能障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCi)、AD相关。本文拟进一步阐明MCi和AD中色氨酸、酪氨酸水平的特征。方法将来自阿尔茨海默病神经影像学倡议1(Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging initiative-1,ADNi-1)队列的765位参与者,分为认知正常(cognitive normal,CN,n=207)、稳定性轻度认知功能障碍(stable mild cognitive impairments,sMCi,n=201)、进行性认知功能障碍(progressive mild cognitive impairments,pMCi,n=171)和AD所致痴呆(n=186)。分析血清色氨酸、酪氨酸对MCi、AD是否具有诊断价值。分析在不同诊断组中,血清色氨酸、酪氨酸分别与脑脊液生物标志物、脑结构、脑代谢及认知功能之间的关系。结果与CN组相比,sMCi、pMCi、AD组血清色氨酸水平偏低。pMCi组、AD组血清酪氨酸水平显著低于CN组。血清色氨酸对pMCi、AD有诊断价值。血清酪氨酸仅对AD有诊断价值。结论血清色氨酸、酪氨酸有助于AD的早期诊断。色氨酸、酪氨酸的检测可以为AD的病理学机制研究提供新思路。血清色氨酸、酪氨酸与AD核心标志物、认知功能、脑结构、脑代谢之间均无明显相关性,故血清色氨酸、酪氨酸可能不是AD较好的外周生物标志物。

关键词：阿尔茨海默病血清色氨酸血清酪氨酸轻度认知功能障碍

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Enhancing i0/i-Conversion Efficiency by Starch Confinement in Zinc-iodine Battery

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 118-124页

作者： Danyang Zhao Qiancheng Zhu Qiancheng Zhou Wenming Zhang Ying Yu shuo Chen Zhifeng ren institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology College of Physical Science and Technology Central China Normal University National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photoelectric Devices College of Physics Science and Technology Hebei University Department of Physics and Tc SUH University of Houston

The redox couple of i0/i-in aqueous rechargeable iodine-zinc（i2-Zn）batteries is a promising energy storage resource since it is safe and costeffective,and provides steady output ***,the cycle life and efficiency of these batteries remain unsatisfactory due to the uncontrolled shuttling of polyiodide（i3-and i5-） and side reactions on the Zn anode.

关键词： aqueous battery conversion efficiency iodine–zinc battery starch confinement

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Multi-omics joint analysis revealed the metabolic profile of retroperitoneal liposarcoma

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 375-393页

作者： Fu’an Xie Yujia Niu Lanlan Lian Yue Wang Aobo Zhuang Guangting Yan Yantao ren Xiaobing Chen Mengmeng Xiao Xi Li Zhe Xi Gen Zhang Dongmei Qin Kunrong Yang Zhigang Zheng Quan Zhang Xiaogang Xia Peng Li Lingwei Gu Ting Wu Chenghua Luo shu-Hai Lin Wengang Li Cancer Research Center Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen361102China State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Life SciencesFaculty of Medicine and Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen361102China Xiamen University Research Center of Retroperitoneal Tumor Committee of Oncology Society of Chinese Medical Association Xiamen UniversityXiamen361102China Department of Laboratory Medicine Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen361102China Department of Retroperitoneal Tumor Surgery Peking University International HospitalBeijing102206China School of Public Health Harvard UniversityBostonMA02115USA Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Department of Clinical LaboratoryFujian Medical University Cancer HospitalFuzhou350014China Surgery Department Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou350009China National institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine Xiamen UniversityXiamen361102China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen361102China

Retroperitoneal liposarcoma(RLPS)is the main subtype of retroperitoneal soft sarcoma(RSTS)and has a poor prognosis and few treatment options,except for *** proteomic and metabolic profiles of RLPS have remained *** aim of our study was to reveal the metabolic profile of ***,we performed proteomic analysis(n=10),metabolomic analysis(n=51),and lipidomic analysis(n=50)of retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma(RDDLPS)and retroperitoneal well-differentiated liposarcoma(RWDLPS)tissue and paired adjacent adipose tissue obtained during *** analysis mainly revealed that glycolysis,purine metabolism,pyrimidine metabolism and phospholipid formation were upregulated in both RDDLPS and RWDLPS tissue compared with the adjacent adipose tissue,whereas the tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle,lipid absorption and synthesis,fatty acid degradation and biosynthesis,as well as glycine,serine,and threonine metabolism were *** particular importance,the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose and pentose phosphate pathway(PPP)inhibitor RRX-001 significantly promoted the antitumor effects of the MDM2 inhibitor RG7112 and CDK4 inhibitor *** study not only describes the metabolic profiles of RDDLPS and RWDLPS,but also offers potential therapeutic targets and strategies for RLPS.

关键词： RLPS proteomics metabolomics lipidomics metabolism

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Calcium-based polymers for suppression of soil acidification by improving acid-buffering capacity and inhibiting nitrification

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 138-149页

作者： Fei Kang Yunshan Meng Yanning Ge Yun Zhang Haixiang Gao Xueqin ren Jie Wang shuwen Hu Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Applied Chemistry China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Soil acidification is a major threat to agricultural sustainability in tropical and subtropical *** and environmentally friendly materials,such as calcium lignosulfonate(CaLS),calcium poly(aspartic acid)(PASP-Ca),and calcium polyγ-glutamic acid(γ-PGA-Ca),are known to effectively ameliorate soil ***,their effectiveness in inhibiting soil acidification has not been *** study aimed to evaluate the effect of CaLS,PASP-Ca,andγ-PGA-Ca on the resistance of soil toward acidification as directly and indirectly(i.e.,via nitrification)caused by the application of HNO_(3)and urea,*** comparison,Ca(OH)_(2)and lignin were used as the inorganic and organic controls,*** the materials,γ-PGA-Ca drove the substantial improvements in the pH buffering capacity(pHBC)of the soil and exhibited the greatest potential in inhibiting HNO_(3)-induced soil acidification via protonation of carboxyl,complexing with Al~(3+),and cation exchange *** acidification induced by urea,CaLS was the optimal one in inhibiting acidification and increasing exchangeable acidity during ***,the sharp reduction in the population sizes of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)and ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)confirmed the inhibition of nitrification via CaLS ***,compared to improving soil pHBC,CaLS may play a more important role in suppressing indirect ***,γ-PGA-Ca was superior to PASP-Ca and CaLS in enhancing the soil pHBC and the its resistance to acidification induced by HNO_(3) addition,whereas CaLS was the best at suppressing urea-driven soil acidification by inhibiting *** conclusion,these results provide a reference for inhibiting soil re-acidification in intensive agricultural systems.

关键词： Calcium-based polymer Soil acidification pH buffering capacity Nitrification inhibition

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Enhancing Offensive Language Detection with Data Augmentation and Knowledge Distillation

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Research 2024年第2期6卷 29-40页

作者： Jiawen Deng Zhuang Chen Hao Sun Zhexin Zhang Jincenzi Wu Satoshi Nakagawa Fuji ren Minlie Huang The CoAl group DCSTInstitute for Artificial InteligenceState Key Lab of Intelligent Technology and SystemsBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Graduate School of information Science&Technology The University of Tokyo.Tokyo 1138654Japan School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan611731China

Offensive language detection has received important attention and plays a crucial role in promoting healthy communication on social platforms,as well as promoting the safe deployment of large language *** data is the basis for developing detectors;however,the available offense-related dataset in Chinese is severely limited in terms of data scale and coverage when compared to English *** significantly affects the accuracy of Chinese offensive language detectors in practical applications,especially when dealing with hard cases or out-of-domain *** alleviate the limitations posed by available datasets,we introduce AugCOLD(Augmented Chinese Offensive Language Dataset),a large-scale unsupervised dataset containing 1 million samples gathered by data crawling and model ***,we employ a multiteacher distillation framework to enhance detection performance with unsupervised *** is,we build multiple teachers with publicly accessible datasets and use them to assign soft labels to *** soft labels serve as a bridge for knowledge to be distilled from both AugCOLD and multiteacher to the student network,i.e.,the final offensive *** conduct experiments on multiple public test sets and our well-designed hard tests,demonstrating that our proposal can effectively improve the generalization and robustness of the offensive language detector.

关键词： COLD dealing limitations

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