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Insect Science 2011年第1期18卷 40-49页

作者： Meng Li Jian liu shu-sheng liu Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou China

To better understand the etiology of begomovirus epidemics in regions under invasion we need to know how indigenous and invasive whitefly vectors respond to virus infection. We investigated both direct and indirect effects of infection with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus （TYLCV） on the performance of the invasive Q biotype and the indigenous Asian ZHJ2 biotype of whitefly Bemisia tabaci. The Q biotype performed better than the ZHJ2 biotype on either uninfected or virus-infected tomato plants. However, virus-infection of host plants did not, or only marginally affected, the performance of either biotype of whiteflies in terms of fecundity, longevity, survival, development and population increase. Likewise, association of the vectors with TYLCV did not affect fecundity and longevity of the Q or ZHJ2 biotypes on cotton, a non-host of TYLCV. These results indicate that the alien Q biotype whitefly, but not the indigenous ZHJ2 biotype, is likely to become the major vector of TYLCV in the field and facilitate virus epidemics.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci performance tomato Tomato yellow leaf curl virus virusinfection

Crossing experiments and behavioral observations reveal reproductive incompatibility among three putative species of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci

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Insect Science 2010年第6期17卷 508-516页

作者： Peng Wang Yong-Ming Ruan shu-sheng liu Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua Zhejiang Province China

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci has a global distribution and extensive genetic diversity. Recent phylogenetic analyses as well as crossing experiments suggest that B. tabaci is a complex composed of 〉 20 cryptic species, but more crossing studies are required to examine the reproductive compatibility among the putative species and thus further clarify the systematics of this species complex. We conducted crossing experiments and behavioral observations to investigate the reproductive compatibility between the Mediterranean, Asia II 3, and Asia II 1 putative species ofB. tabaci collected from Zhejiang, China. Female progeny were never produced in inter-species crosses, demonstrating a lack of egg fertilization; while 55%-75% females were produced in all the intra-species treatments. Continuous behavioral observations showed that frequent courtship events occurred in both intra-species treatments and inter-putative species crosses. However, copulation events occurred only in the three intra-species treatments with one exception： that one copulation event occurred between Asia II 3 and Mediterranean in the crosses where two cohorts of females and males of different putative species were enclosed together in a small arena but were not allowed access to their intra-specific mates for a long period of time. These data demonstrated complete reproductive isolation between the Mediterranean, Asia II 3, and Asia II 1 putative species, and further showed that the isolation is due to lack of copulation. Demonstration of reproductive isolation between the Mediterranean and two indigenous putative species from China provides further evidence for the existence of cryptic species within the B. tabaci complex.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci behavioral observations crossing experiments genetic groups putative species reproductive incompatibility

Further insight into reproductive incompatibility between putative cryptic species of the Bemisia tabaci whitefly complex

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Insect Science 2016年第2期23卷 215-224页

作者： Li Qin Li-Long Pan shu-sheng liu Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius）（Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae）, with its global distribution and extensive genetic diversity, is now known to be a complex of over 35 cryptic species. However, a satisfactory resolution of the systematics of this species complex is yet to be achieved. Here, we designed experiments to examine reproductive compatibility among species with different levels of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I （mtCOI） divergence. The data show that putative species with mtCOI divergence of 〉 8% between them consistently exhibited complete reproductive isolation. However, two of the putative species, Asia II 9 and Asia II 3, with mtCOI divergence of 4.47% between them, exhibited near complete reproductive compatibility in one direction of their cross, and partial reproductive compatibility in the other direction. Together with some recent reports on this topic from the literature, our data indicates that, while divergence in the mtCOI sequences provides a valid molecular marker for species delimitation in most clades, more genetic markers and more sophisticated molecular phylogeny will be required to achieve adequate delimitation of all species in this whitefly complex. While many attempts have been made to examine the reproductive compatibility among genetic groups of the B. tabaci complex, our study represents the first effort to conduct crossing experiments with putative species that were chosen with considerations of their genetic divergence. In light of the new data, we discuss the best strategy and protocols to conduct further molecular phylogenetic analysis and crossing trials, in order to reveal the overall pattern of reproductive incompatibility among species of this whitefly complex.

关键词： crossing experiment genetic diversity mitochondrial COI reproductiveisolation systematics whitefly

Different headspace profiles in wild crucifer species in response to Plutella xylostella herbivory and exogenous jasmonic acid application

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Insect Science 2010年第1期17卷 29-37页

作者： Peng-Jun Zhang Jin-Ping shu Marcel Dicke shu-sheng liu Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands

Although exogenous treatment of plants withjasmonic acid （JA） may result in induced responses similar to plant defences induced by herbivory, few studies have compared the details of insect herbivory and JA-mimicked responses. We compared volatiles of two crucifer species, Cardamine impatiens and Lepidium virginicum, in response to Plutella xylostella larval feeding and exogenous application of JA, over the entire period of time when induced changes were detectable. Significant differences in the composition and timing of volatiles occurred between herbivory and JA treatments in both plants. The quantity ofnitrile and isothiocyanate released in response to herbivory was significantly larger than that upon JA treatment. In each of the two plant species, most volatile components were emitted immediately upon larval feeding and their quantity dropped rapidly once feeding ceased. In contrast, the emission of volatiles in response to JA treatment lasted for a longer period of time, and the maximum emission rate was recorded 2 and 3 days after JA treatment in L. virginicum and C. impatiens respectively. These findings are discussed in the context of signal-transduction pathways and mechanisms involved in induced emissions of plant volatiles, as well as induced defences mediated by plant volatiles.

关键词： Brassicaceae herbivory induced response jasmonic acid Plutella xylostella volatile emission

Transgenic plants expressing the AalT/GNA fusion protein show increased resistance and toxicity to both chewing and sucking pests

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Insect Science 2016年第2期23卷 265-276页

作者： shu-Min liu Jie Li Jin-Qi Zhu Xiao-Wei Wang Cheng-shu Wang shu-sheng liu Xue-Xin Chen sheng Li Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

The adoption of pest-resistant transgenic plants to reduce yield losses and de- crease pesticide use has been successful. To achieve the goal of controlling both chewing and sucking pests in a given transgenic plant, we generated transgenic tobacco, Arabidopsis, and rice plants expressing the fusion protein, AalT/GNA, in which an insecticidal scor- pion venom neurotoxin （Androctonus australis toxin, AalT） is fused to snowdrop lectin （Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, GNA）. Compared with transgenic tobacco and Arabidop- sis plants expressing AaIT or GNA, transgenic plants expressing AalT/GNA exhibited increased resistance and toxicity to one chewing pest, the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. Transgenic tobacco and rice plants expressing AalT/GNA showed increased resistance and toxicity to two sucking pests, the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, and the rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, respectively. Moreover, in the field, transgenic rice plants expressing AalT/GNA exhibited a significant improvement in grain yield when infested with N. lugens. This study shows that expressing the AalT/GNA fusion protein in transgenic plants can be a useful approach for controlling pests, particularly sucking pests which are not susceptible to the toxin in Bt crops.

关键词： AalT AalT/GNA chewing pest GNA fusion protein pest control resistance sucking pest toxicity transgenic plant

Impact of a novel Rickettsia symbiont on the life history and virus transmission capacity of its host whitefly(Bemisia tabaci)

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Insect Science 2021年第2期28卷 377-391页

作者： Teng Lei Jing Zhao Hua-Ling Wang Yin-Quan liu shu-sheng liu Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology Institute of Insect SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Rickettsia consists of some of the most prevalent symbionts of insects and often plays a significant role in the biology of its ***,a maternally inherited Torix group Rickettsia,provisionally named as RiTBt,was recorded in a species of notorious pest whitefly,tentatively named as Asia II 1,from the Bemisia tabaci *** role of this Rickettsia in the biology of its host is *** we investigated the impact of RiTBt on the performance and virus transmission capacity of Asia II *** did not significantly affect the life history parameters of the whitefly when the host insect was reared on tobacco,tomato,and cotton,three host plants with relatively low,medium and high suitability to the ***,RiTBt slightly enhanced whitefly transmission of cotton leaf curl Multan virus(CLCuMuV),a virus that is transmitted by the whitefly in the field and has caused extensive damage to cotton ***,compared with whiteflies without RiTBt,following a 48 h virus acquisition whiteflies with RiTBt had higher titer of virus and showed higher efficiency of virus transmission.A rickettsial secretory protein BtR242 was identified as a putative virus-binding protein,and was observed to interact with the coat protein of CLCuMuV in *** infection of the whitefly downregulated gene transcript levels of the BtR242 *** observations indicate that RiTBt has limited impact on the biology of the Asia II 1 whitefly,and whether this symbiont has functions in the biology of other host whiteflies warrants future investigation.

关键词： life history Rickettsia symbiont virus transmission whitefly

The presence of six cryptic species of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci complex in China as revealed by crossing experiments

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Insect Science 2011年第1期18卷 67-77页

作者： Peng Wang Di-Bing Sun Bao-Li Qiu shu-sheng liu Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou Department of Entomology South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China

Recent phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I （mtCOI） sequences ofBemisia tabaci worldwide indicates that the whitefly comprises at least 24 morphologically indistinguishable but genetically distinct cryptic species. While evidence of reproductive isolation has been reported for some of the putative species, more extensive crossing experiments are required to clarify the systematics of this species com- plex. In this study, we established laboratory cultures for six putative species ofB. tabaci collected in China. We conducted 22 inter-species crosses among the six putative species. The data and those reported previously were collated, and the combined dataset covered all the 30 possible inter-species crosses among the six putative species. Intra-species controls always produced female and male progeny and the proportions of females in the first gen- eration （F1） ranged from 56% to 70%. However, in inter-species crosses female progeny were rarely produced, and the few F1 females produced in four of the 30 inter-species crosses were either sterile or significantly weaker in viability. These results demonstrate a pattern of complete reproductive isolation among the six putative species and show that they are six cryptic species in the B. tabaci complex.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci biological invasion genetic diversity reproductive incompatibility systematics

Diversity of secondary endosymbionts among different putative species of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci

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Insect Science 2013年第2期20卷 194-206页

作者： Xiao-Li Bing Yong-Ming Ruan Qiong Rao Xiao-Wei Wang shu-sheng liu Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou College of Chemistry and Life Science Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua Zhejiang Province China

Endosymbionts are important components of arthropod biology. The white- fly Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius）（Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） is a cryptic species complex composed of 〉28 putative species. In addition to the primary endosymbiont Portiera aley- rodidarum, six secondary endosymbionts （S-endosymbionts）, Hamiltonella, Rickettsia, Wolbachia, Cardinium, Arsenophonus and Fritschea, have been identified in B. tabaci thus far. Here, we tested five of the six S-endosymbiont lineages （excluding Fritschea） from 340 whitely individuals representing six putative species from China. Harniltonella was detected only in the two exotic invaders, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 （MEAM 1） and Mediter- ranean （MED）. Rickettsia was absent in Asia II 1 and MED, scarce in Asia II 3 （13%）, but abundant in Asia II 7 （63.2%）, China 1 （84.7%） and MEAM1 （100%）. Wolbachia, Cardinium and Arsenophonus were absent in the invasive MEAM1 and MED but mostly abundant in the native putative species. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses revealed that some S-endosymbionts have several clades and different B. tabaci putative species can harbor different clades of a given S-endosymbiont, demonstrating further the complexity of S-endosymbionts in B. tabaci. All together, our results demonstrate the variation and diversity of S-endosymbionts in different putative species ofB. tabaci, especially between invasive and native whiteflies.

关键词： Arsenophonus Cardinium Hamiltonella Rickettsia whitefly Wolbachia

Gene expression profiling of the whitefly （Bemisia tabaci） Middle East- Asia Minor 1 feeding on healthy and Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus-infected tobacco

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Insect Science 2011年第1期18卷 11-22页

作者： Jun-Min Li Yong-Ming Ruan Fang-Fang Li shu-sheng liu Xiao-Wei Wang Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua Zhejiang Province China

Begomoviruses are exclusively transmitted by whitefly （Bemisia tabaci） in a circulative, non-propagative manner. The influences of begomoviruses on whitefly vector are complex with both direct and indirect effects. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood and the transcriptional profiles of whitefly on healthy and virus-infected plants have not yet been studied. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, we investigated the differentially expressed genes in whitefly Middle East - Asia Minor 1 feeding on healthy and Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus （TYLCCNV） infected tobacco. From the forward cDNA library, 124 differentially expressed expression sequence tags （ESTs） were obtained which represent up-regulated genes in the whiteflies feeding on the infected tobacco. From the reverse library, 112 ESTs were isolated which represent down-regulated genes. Among the up-regulated genes, we identified several genes that are probably involved in direct interaction between whitefly and TYLCCN~, including a 26/29-kDa proteinase that appears to participate in the elimination of foreign proteins, heparan sulfate proteoglycan which mediates the entry of several viruses into host cells and two genes of Rickettsia-a secondary endosymbiotic bacterium of whitefly. In addition, we identified a number of genes involved in metabolism, transcription and translation which might be the result of indirect effects of TYLCCNV on the whitefly via host plants. Collectively, our results suggest that TYLCCNV-infected tobacco changes the gene expression profiles of whitefly via both direct and indirect interactions. This study revealed a number of genes involved in whitefly-TYLCCNV-tobacco interactions and provided useful information for future study on this complex system.

关键词： begomovirus Bemisia tabaci suppression subtractive hybridization Tomatoyellow leaf curl China virus whitefly

Genomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal metabolic complementarity between whiteflies and their symbionts

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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 539-549页

作者： Dan-Tong Zhu Qiong Rao Chi Zou Fei-Xue Ban Juan-Juan Zhao shu-sheng liu Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Institute of Insect SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310029 China School of Agriculture and Food Science Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityLin'anHangzhou311300 China

Nutritional mutualism between insects and symbiotic bacteria is *** various sap-feeding whitefly species within the Bemisia tabaci complex associate with the same obligate symbiont(Portiera)and multiple secondary *** is often assumed that some of the symbionts residing in the whiteflies play crucial roles in the nutritional physiology of their insect *** effort has been made to understand the functions of the whitefly symbionts,the metabolic complementarity offered by these symbionts to the hosts is not yet well *** examined two secondary symbionts,Arsenophonus and Wolbachia,in two species of the *** whitefly complex,provisionally named as Asia II 3 and China *** sequence analyses revealed that Arsenophonus and Wolbachia retained genes responsible for the biosynthesis of B *** then conducted transcriptomic surveys of the bacteriomes in these two species of whiteflies together with that in another species named MED of this whitefly complex previously *** analyses indicated that several key genes in B vitamin syntheses from the three whitefly species were *** findings suggest that,similar to another secondary symbiont Hamiltonella,Arsenophonus and Wolbachia function in the nutrient provision of host *** phylogenetically distant species of symbionts are associated with their respective hosts,they have evolved and retained similar functions in biosynthesis of some B *** metabolic complementarity between whiteflies and symbionts represents an important feature of their coevolution.

关键词： symbiont B vitamins complement evolution whitefly