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The development and application of a multiplex short tandem repeat(STR)system for identifying subspecies,individuals and sex in tigers

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 376-388页

作者： Zheng-Ting ZOU Olga V.UPHYRKINA Pavel FOMENKO shu-jin luo College of Life Sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia World Wide Fund for Nature–Russia Amur Branch VladivostokRussia Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA.

Poaching and trans-boundary trafficking of tigers and body parts are threatening the world’s last remaining wild *** of an efficient molecular genetic assay for tracing the origins of confiscated specimens will assist in law enforcement and wildlife forensics for this iconic flagship *** developed a multiplex genotyping system“tigrisPlex”to simultaneously assess 22 short tandem repeat(STR,or microsatellite)loci and a gender-identifying SRY gene,all amplified in 4 reactions using as little as 1 ng of template *** DNA samples used for between-run calibration,the system generates STR genotypes that are directly compatible with voucher tiger subspecies genetic profiles,hence making it possible to identify subspecies via bi-parentally inherited *** applied“tigrisPlex”to 12 confiscated specimens from Russia and identified 6 individuals(3 females and 3 males),each represented by duplicated samples and all designated as Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)with high *** STR multiplex system can serve as an effective and versatile approach for genetic profiling of both wild and captive tigers as well as confiscated tiger products,fulfilling various conservation needs for identifying the origins of tiger samples.

关键词： Amur tiger genetic multiplex sexing short tandem repeat

Applying molecular genetic tools to tiger conservation

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 351-362页

作者： shu-jin luo Warren E.JOHNSON Stephen J.O’BRIEN School of Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijingChina Laboratory of Genomic Diversity National Cancer InstituteFrederickMDUSA

The utility of molecular genetic approaches in conservation of endangered taxa is now commonly *** the past decade,conservation genetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA sequencing and microsatellite genotyping have provided powerful tools to resolve taxonomy uncertainty of tiger subspecies,to define conservation units,to reconstruct phylogeography and demographic history,to examine the genetic ancestry of extinct subspecies,to assess population genetic status non-invasively,and to verify genetic background of captive tigers *** genetic status of tiger subspecies and populations and implications for developing strategies for the survival of this charismatic species both in situ and ex situ are discussed.

关键词： conservation genetics mitochondrial DNA microsatellite subspecies tiger

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荒漠猫的演化遗传、分类和保护研究进展

生物多样性 2022年第9期30卷 46-54页

作者：刘珂韩思成遇赫罗述金北京大学生命科学学院蛋白质与植物基因研究国家重点实验室北京100871 北京大学前沿交叉学科研究院北京大学-清华大学生命科学联合中心北京100871

荒漠猫(Felis bieti)是中国特有的野生猫科动物,也是世界上最鲜为人知的猫科动物之一,在IUCN濒危物种红色名录中列为易危(Vulnerable,VU),在我国被列为国家一级重点保护野生动物。本文对荒漠猫的野外分布现状、分类学地位、遗传多样性... 详细信息

荒漠猫(Felis bieti)是中国特有的野生猫科动物,也是世界上最鲜为人知的猫科动物之一,在IUCN濒危物种红色名录中列为易危(Vulnerable,VU),在我国被列为国家一级重点保护野生动物。本文对荒漠猫的野外分布现状、分类学地位、遗传多样性、演化史以及致危因素等近期研究进展进行了综述和展望,以期为荒漠猫的保护提供科学依据。荒漠猫定名于1892年,其分类学地位长期存在争议。形态学证据支持其独立物种的划分,但分子遗传学研究则表明荒漠猫与亚洲野猫(Felissilvestris ornata)等野猫亚种之间的演化距离相当,建议将其归为野猫亚种(***)。然而研究也表明包括荒漠猫在内的各野猫支系之间的分歧时间已有100万年以上,因此解决野猫类群分类学争议的另一种可能是将所有野猫亚种提升为物种水平,从而维持荒漠猫的独立物种地位,不过这需要对所有野猫类群在全基因组层面深入全面地分析。最新的基因组学研究揭示荒漠猫与亚洲野猫(***)存在着古老的基因交流,与青藏高原同域家猫之间存在近期且广泛的基因渗透。该遗传杂交信号以荒漠猫到家猫为主并局限于荒漠猫分布区,时间尺度对应于20世纪中叶,可能与藏区社会经济的发展以及家猫种群在当地的增长有关。该发现也意味着青藏高原增长的家猫种群对于同域分布的野猫产生的遗传影响将是亟需关注的问题。IUCN最新评估结果显示,荒漠猫明确分布区域仅限于青藏高原东部,包括青海东部、四川西北部、甘肃西南部以及紧邻青海的西藏东南部局部区域。荒漠猫当前面临着包括鼠药施用造成的二次毒害、毛皮贸易、开发建设造成的栖息地的丧失和碎片化、路撞以及与同域家猫杂交等在内的直接或潜在威胁。对荒漠猫开展更全面的调查和深入的研究以及评估并制定有效的保护管理措施,是保护我国唯一的特有猫科动物的重要举措。

关键词：荒漠猫遗传演化基因交流分类野外分布致危因素保护

Effect of Nb-V microalloying on the hot deformation behavior of medium Mn steels

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 360-368页

作者： Yumeng Wang Qinyi Guo Bin Hu Haiwen luo School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The influence of Nb-V microalloying on the hot deformation behavior and microstructures of medium Mn steel(MMS)was investigated by uniaxial hot compression *** establishing the constitutive equations for simulating the measured flow curves,we successfully constructed deformation activation energy(Q)maps and processing maps for identifying the region of flow *** concluded the following consequences of Nb-V alloying for MMS.(i)The critical strain increases and the increment diminishes with the increasing deformation temperature,suggesting that NbC precipitates more efficiently retard dynamic recrystallization(DRX)in MMS compared with solute Nb.(ii)The deformation activation energy of MMS is significantly increased and even higher than that of some reported high Mn steels,suggesting that its ability to retard DRX is greater than that of the high Mn content.(iii)The hot workability of MMS is improved by narrowing the hot processing window for the unstable flow stress,in which fine recrystallized and coarse unrecrystallized grains are present.

关键词： medium manganese steel niobium-vanadium microalloying flow behavior dynamic recrystallization hot workability

Genomic Analysis Reveals a Cryptic Pangolin Species

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Genomic Analysis Reveals a Cryptic Pangolin Species

Exploring practical methods for detecting k-nonseparability in multipartite quantum states

第十六届全国野生动物生态与资源保护学术研讨会

作者： Tong-Tong Gu Hong Wu Feng Yang Philippe Gaubert Sean P. Heighton Ye-Yi-Zhou Fu Ke Liu shu-jin luo Hua-Rong Zhang jing-Yang Hu Li Yu State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in Yunnan School of Life Sciences Yunnan University Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS/UPS/IRD Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga??o Marinha e Ambiental Universidade do Porto Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix?es The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life Sciences

Eight extant species of pangolins are currently recognized. Recent studies found that two mitochondrial haplotypes identified in confiscations in Hong Kong could not be assigned to any known pangolin species, implying the existence of a previously unrecognized species. Here, we report that two additional mitochondrial haplotypes identified in independent confiscations from Yunnan align to the potential new species haplotypes, supporting the existence of this mysterious species/population. To verify the new species scenario, we performed a comprehensive analysis of scale characteristics and 138 whole genomes representing all recognized pangolin species and the cryptic new species, 98 of which were generated here. Our morphometric results clearly attributed this cryptic species to Asian pangolins(Manis sp.), and the genomic data provide robust and compelling evidence that it is a pangolin species distinct from those recognized previously, which separated from Philippine pangolin and Malayan pangolin over five million years ago. Our study provides a solid genomic basis for its formal recognition as the ninth pangolin species and the fifth Asian one, supporting a new taxonomic classification of pangolins. The effects of glacial climate changes and recent human activities driven by illegal trade are inferred to have caused its population decline with the genomic signatures showing low genetic diversity, a high level of inbreeding, and high genetic load. Our discovery greatly expands current knowledge of pangolin diversity and evolution, and has vital implications for conservation efforts to prevent the extinction of this enigmatic and endangered species from the wild.

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 255-256页

作者： shunlong luo Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences

Quantum entanglement, referred to as “spooky action at a distance” by Einstein, is not only an intriguing and fascinating feature of quantum theory challenging our classical intuitions about locality and correlations, but also has practical and profound implications for quantum technologies. Initially described by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen, as well as by Schro¨dinger, entanglement now has become a basic and crucial ingredient for both foundational and experimental investigations of the quantum world.

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Tilting homeostatic and dyshomeostatic microglial balance in health and disease:transforming growth factor-beta1 as a critical protagonist

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2895-2897页

作者： Nicolas Hugues Yu luo Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Immunobiology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA

Adult microglia,by continuously sensing changes in their environment and communicating with nearly all brain cell types,are considered to be the immune sentinels of the *** the healthy central nervous system(CNS),microglia display a unique molecular homeostatic signature(i.e.,Tmem119,P2ry12,Sall1,Siglech,Gpr34,and Hexb)(Figure 1A).

关键词： Figure signature critical

Impact of ocean data assimilation on the seasonal forecast of the 2014/15 marine heatwave in the Northeast Pacific Ocean

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 24-31页

作者： Tiantian Tang Jiaying He Huihang Sun jingjia luo Institute for Climate and Application Research(ICAR)/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina

A remarkable marine heatwave,known as the“Blob”,occurred in the Northeast Pacific Ocean from late 2013 to early 2016,which displayed strong warm anomalies extending from the surface to a depth of 300 *** study employed two assimilation schemes based on the global Climate Forecast System of Nanjing University of Information Science(NUIST-CFS 1.0)to investigate the impact of ocean data assimilation on the seasonal prediction of this extreme marine *** sea surface temperature(SST)nudging scheme assimilates SST only,while the deterministic ensemble Kalman filter(EnKF)scheme assimilates observations from the surface to the deep *** latter notably improves the forecasting skill for subsurface temperature anomalies,especially at the depth of 100-300 m(the lower layer),outperforming the SST nudging *** excels in predicting both horizontal and vertical heat transport in the lower layer,contributing to improved forecasts of the lower-layer warming during the *** improvements stem from the assimilation of subsurface observational data,which are important in predicting the upper-ocean *** results suggest that assimilating ocean data with the EnKF scheme significantly enhances the accuracy in predicting subsurface temperature anomalies during the Blob and offers better understanding of its underlying mechanisms.

关键词： Seasonal forecast Ocean data assimilation Marine heatwave Subsurface temperature

P2Y1 receptor in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 440-453页

作者： Shan luo Yifei Wang Tatsuhiro Hisatsune Department of Integrated Biosciences The University of TokyoKashiwaJapan

Alzheimer’s disease is the most frequent form of dementia characterized by the deposition of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles consisting of hyperphosphorylated *** amyloid-beta plaques has been a primary direction for developing Alzheimer’s disease treatments in the last ***,existing drugs targeting amyloid-beta plaques have not fully yielded the expected results in the clinic,necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic *** evidence unravels that astrocyte morphology and function alter in the brain of Alzheimer’s disease patients,with dysregulated astrocytic purinergic receptors,particularly the P2Y1 receptor,all of which constitute the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s *** receptors are not only crucial for maintaining normal astrocyte function but are also highly implicated in neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s *** review delves into recent insights into the association between P2Y1 receptor and Alzheimer’s disease to underscore the potential neuroprotective role of P2Y1 receptor in Alzheimer’s disease by mitigating neuroinflammation,thus offering promising avenues for developing drugs for Alzheimer’s disease and potentially contributing to the development of more effective treatments.

关键词： astrocytes neuroinflammation P2Y1 receptor purinergic receptor