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Role of the globus pallidus in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1628-1643页

作者： Yimiao Jiang Zengxin qi Huixian zhu Kangli Shen Ruiqi Liu Chenxin Fang Weiwei Lou Yifan Jiang Wangrui Yuan Xin Cao Liang Chen qianxing zhuang Department of Physiology School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina National Center for Neurological Disorders ShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration ShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institute of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The globus pallidus plays a pivotal role in the basal ganglia circuit. Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra, which leads to dopamine deficiency in the brain that subsequently manifests as various motor and non-motor symptoms. This review aims to summarize the involvement of the globus pallidus in both motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease. The firing activities of parvalbumin neurons in the medial globus pallidus, including both the firing rate and pattern, exhibit strong correlations with the bradykinesia and rigidity associated with Parkinson's disease. Increased beta oscillations, which are highly correlated with bradykinesia and rigidity, are regulated by the lateral globus pallidus. Furthermore,bradykinesia and rigidity are strongly linked to the loss of dopaminergic projections within the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop. Resting tremors are attributed to the transmission of pathological signals from the basal ganglia through the motor cortex to the cerebellum-ventral intermediate nucleus circuit. The cortico–striato–pallidal loop is responsible for mediating pallidi-associated sleep disorders. Medication and deep brain stimulation are the primary therapeutic strategies addressing the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. Medication is the primary treatment for motor symptoms in the early stages of Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation has been clinically proven to be effective in alleviating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease,particularly for the movement disorders caused by levodopa. Deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus internus can improve motor function in patients with tremordominant and non-tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus externus can alter the temporal pattern of neural activity throughout the basal ganglia–thalamus network. Therefore, the comp

关键词： anxiety basal ganglia bradykinesia deep brain stimulation depression globus pallidus externus globus pallidus internus lateral globus pallidus medial globus pallidus neural circuit Parkinson's disease

Catalytic atroposelective synthesis of indolyl quinazolinones bearing N-N/C-C diaxes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Ning-Yi Wang shuo Gao zhu-Di shu Bei-Bei Cheng Chun Ma Yu-Chen Zhang Feng Shi Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University

The first catalytic atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives bearing N-N/C-C diaxes has been established by the strategy of de novo ring formation. By this strategy, various indolyl quinazolinones bearing vicinal N-N/C-C diaxes were synthesized in high yields with overall good diastereoselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities via chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed onepot asymmetric formal (5+1) cycloaddition/oxidation reaction. Moreover, such indolyl quinazolinones bearing vicinal N-N/CC diaxes have good configurational stability and could be converted into new chiral ligands with applications in asymmetric catalysis. Therefore, this work not only offered a new member for the family of diaxial atropisomers, but also provided a powerful strategy for catalytic asymmetric synthesis of atropisomers bearing N-N/C-C diaxes.

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Staged dendrite suppression for high safe and stable lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 674-683页

作者： Jun Jiang Zhenjie Lu Yanwen Ding shujun Liu Zhijie qi Tian Tang Yunfan Zhang Zhiyuan Ma Jingwen Sun Liang Xue Wenyao Zhang Pan Xiong Xin Wang Junwu zhu Yongsheng Fu Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Pylon Battery Co.Ltd

The unavoidable dendrite growth and shuttle effect have long been stranglehold challenges limiting the safety and practicality of lithium-sulfur ***,we propose a dual-action strategy to address the lithium dendrite issue in stages by constructing a multifunctional surface-negatively-charged nanodiamond layer with high ductility and robust puncture resistance on polypropylene （PP） *** uniformly loaded compact negative layer can not only significantly enhance electron transmission efficiency and promote uniform lithium deposition,but also reduce the formation of dendrite during early deposition *** importantly,under the strong puncture stress encountered during the deterioration of lithium dendrite growth under limiting current,the high ductility and robust puncture resistance（145.88 MPa） of as-obtained nanodiamond layer can effectively prevent short circuits caused by unavoidable lithium *** Li||Li symmetrical cells assembled with nanodiamond layer modified PP demonstrated a stable cycle of over 1000 h at 2 mA cm-2with a polarization voltage of only 29.3 ***,the negative charged layer serves as a physical barrier blocking lithium polysulfide ions,effectively mitigating capacity *** improved cells achieved a capacity decay of only 0.042%per cycle after 700 cycles at 3 C,demonstrating effective suppression of dendrite growth and capacity attenuation,showing promising prospect.

关键词： Ductility

磁敏感成像在颅内钙化灶和铁沉积鉴别中的运用

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华中科技大学学报（医学版） 2009年第1期38卷 87-90页

作者：舒红格漆剑频朱文珍王承缘冯定义华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院放射科武汉430030

目的对比研究颅内钙化和铁沉积在磁敏感成像(SWI)序列中的信号特点,评价SWI技术在颅内病变诊断中的应用。方法分别收集14例颅内钙化患者和20例健康志愿者的头部MR资料(包括常规T1 WI、T2 WI、SWI)。所有钙化灶均经过头颅CT检查证实,CT值... 详细信息

目的对比研究颅内钙化和铁沉积在磁敏感成像(SWI)序列中的信号特点,评价SWI技术在颅内病变诊断中的应用。方法分别收集14例颅内钙化患者和20例健康志愿者的头部MR资料(包括常规T1 WI、T2 WI、SWI)。所有钙化灶均经过头颅CT检查证实,CT值>90 Hu。将20例健康志愿者纳入铁沉积的研究组。SWI采用高分辨率的3D-SPGR(3Dspoiled gradient echo)序列,同时得到幅度图和相位图,图像在工作站经Functool软件处理。对14例颅内钙化患者共计56个钙化灶和20例志愿者的黑质在SWI上的信号特点进行分析对比。在校正相位图上分别测量钙化灶、对照组的黑质和正常脑白质的校正相位(CP)值,并进行统计分析。结果55(98.2%,55/56)个钙化灶在SWI上得到良好显示,在校正相位图上表现为高信号或以高信号为主的混杂信号,在SWI重建图上表现为均匀的极低信号。40个黑质代表铁沉积,在SWI重建图和校正相位图上均表现为均匀的极低信号。钙化灶和正常脑白质校正相位值分别为(+0.734±0.073)、(+0.002±0.007),差异有极显著性意义(t=8.631,P<0.01)。黑质校正相位值为(-0.092±0.016),与脑白质内的校正相位值差异有极显著性意义(t=-5.329,P<0.01)。结论SWI对铁沉积和钙化的检出有高敏感性;利用钙化和铁沉积在校正相位图上的信号差异可以对两者进行鉴别。

关键词：磁敏感成像颅内钙化铁沉积

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帕金森病脑铁沉积的定量研究

华中科技大学学报（医学版） 2009年第4期38卷 527-530页

作者：舒红格漆剑频朱文珍王承缘胡军武冯定义华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院放射科武汉430030

目的探讨定量研究脑铁沉积的磁共振检查方法;研究帕金森病（Parkinson’s disease,PD）的发病和进展与脑铁沉积的关系。方法PD患者30名作为研究组,男22名,女8名,平均年龄57.7岁（38-74岁）,按Hoehn-Yahr分级量表将双侧症状患者20名作为P... 详细信息

目的探讨定量研究脑铁沉积的磁共振检查方法;研究帕金森病（Parkinson’s disease,PD）的发病和进展与脑铁沉积的关系。方法PD患者30名作为研究组,男22名,女8名,平均年龄57.7岁（38-74岁）,按Hoehn-Yahr分级量表将双侧症状患者20名作为PD组1,单侧症状PD患者10名作为PD组2。选取年龄和性别匹配的健康志愿者30名作为对照组。所有对象均进行常规MR头部平扫和SWI检查,经后处理在相位校正图上分别测量双侧黑质、红核、苍白球、壳核、尾状核和丘脑的相位校正值（CP）,并将所获得数据进行统计分析。结果CP值与铁含量呈负线性相关（r=-2.81,P〈0.05）。PD组1、PD组2与对照组在以下核团（黑质、红核、苍白球和壳核）的CP值差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,但是在丘脑和尾状核差异无统计学意义。PD组1和PD组2各兴趣区CP值之间差异无统计学意义。PD组2的症状同侧和对侧之间CP值无明显差异。结论①CP值与脑铁含量呈负线性相关联;②局部铁含量的增加与PD的发病有关,但与病情的严重程度无关;③在PD的亚临床期就有铁异常沉积;④PD铁异常沉积的部位包括黑质、红核、苍白球和壳核,与丘脑和尾状核无关。

关键词：帕金森病磁共振成像脑铁沉积

A WD-GA-LSSVM model for rainfall-triggered landslide displacement prediction

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第1期15卷 156-166页

作者： zhu Xing MA shu-qi XU qiang LIU Wen-de State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of Technology School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University

This paper proposes a WD-GA-LSSVM model for predicting the displacement of a deepseated landslide triggered by seasonal rainfall,in which wavelet denoising(WD)is used in displacement time series of landslide to eliminate the GPS observation noise in the original data,and genetic algorithm(GA)is applied to obtain optimal parameters of least squares support vector machines(LSSVM)*** model is first trained and then evaluated by using data from a gentle dipping(~2°-5°)landslide triggered by seasonal rainfall in the southwest of *** comparisons of WD-GA-LSSVM model with Back Propagation Neural Network(BPNN)model and LSSVM are presented,*** results indicate that the adoption of WD-GA-LSSVM model significantly improves the robustness and accuracy of the displacement prediction and it provides a powerful technique for predicting the displacement of a rainfall-triggered landslide.

关键词： WD-GA-LSSVM Landslide Rainfall Displacement prediction Wavelet denoising

Enantioselective reductive conjugate alkenylation of α,β-enones with keto alkenyl acetates by nickel catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 157-162页

作者： Rong-De He Yun-Lei Luo qiu-Quan Pan qi-Wei Yao Xing-Zhong shu State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University

Reactions involving alkenyl acetates offer cost-effective and environmentally friendly routes for alkene synthesis, yet their asymmetric variant remains elusive. Concurrently, asymmetric conjugate alkenylation predominantly centered on nucleophilic addition using alkenyl–M. This manuscript presents an asymmetric reductive conjugate alkenylation reaction involving alkenyl acetates. The method facilitates the enantioselective addition of keto alkenyl groups to α,β-enones, resulting in the formation of unsaturated diketones—a class of useful structural motifs that are challenging to access otherwise. The use of electron-rich Pyroxy ligand is essential for achieving both high reaction efficiency and enantioselectivity.

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Correlation analysis of cavitation-induced pressure pulsation and vibration in a bulb turbine

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2023年第6期35卷 1052-1063页

作者： Tian-shu Li Jian-jun Feng Guo-jun zhu Yun-zhe Li Xing-qi Luo State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region xi’an University of Technologyxi’an710048China

Cavitation is one of the main causes of deteriorating stability of bulb *** enhance their stability,this study examines the effects of runner cavitation on draft tube pressure fluctuation and vibration in bulb turbine through experimental *** varying cavitation coefficients,a synchronous test system,including a high-speed camera,vibration acceleration sensors and pressure pulsation sensors,is applied to obtain cavitation images of the runner,vibration and internal fluid pressure pulsation data of the draft *** results show that the correlated component of pressure pulsation signals during the cavitation process is the synchronous pressure pulsation of 16f_(n)With the development of cavitation,the amplitude of synchronous pressure pulsation increases first and then *** enhances the high-frequency vibration on the wall of runner *** root mean square(rms)of the vertical vibration component IMF3,the horizontal vibration components IMF2,IMF4 are linearly negatively correlated with the cavitation *** associated component between cavitation-induced vibration and pressure pulsation signal is 16f_(n)and its *** the process of cavitation,pressure pulsation plays a leading role in vibration.

关键词： Bulb turbine cavitation pressure fluctuation vibration correlation

Theoretical investigations on the thiol–thioester exchange steps of different thioesters

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第10期26卷 1259-1264页

作者： Xiao-Hui Sun Hai-zhu Yu shu-qi Pei Zhi-Min Dang Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials Anhui University

As the rate-determining step in native chemical ligation reactions, the thiol–thioester exchange step is important in determining the efficiency of the ligations of peptides. In the present study, systematic theoretical calculations were carried out on the relationships between the structure of different thioesters and the free energy barriers of the thiol–thioester exchange step. According to the calculation results, the thiol–thioester exchange step is disfavored by the steric hindrance around the carbonyl center, while the electronic effect（i.e. conjugation and hyper-conjugation effects） becomes important when the steric hindrance is insignificant.

关键词： Native chemical ligation Thiol–thioester exchange Density functional theory