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A general stabilizing strategy based on vitamin C for n-type organic semiconductors

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Science China Materials 2025年第01期 303-304页

作者： Hui huang College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Organic semiconductors (OSCs), as an emerging next-generation semiconductor material, hold promising prospects in fields such as flexible displays, electronic skins, smart healthcare,and the Internet of Things, due to their excellent flexibility,solution processability, and tunable band structures [1,2]. These molecules are often classified into n-type and p-type, depending on whether the prevalent charge carriers are electrons or holes[3].

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Efficient white-light-emitting lead-free halide double perovskites enabling full-spectrum pc-WLEDs

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Science China Materials 2025年第1期 305-306页

作者： Xiaoyong huang College of Physics and Optoelectronics Taiyuan University of Technology

With the rapid development of solid-state lighting, an important goal of phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (pc-WLEDs) is to provide a healthy and comfortable fullspectrum artificial light source with a co...

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Quickly obtaining densely dispersed coherent particles in steel matrix and its related mechanical property

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 111-118页

作者： Xiaoxiao Wang Qingsong huang School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Densely distributed coherent nanoparticles(DCN)in steel matrix can enhance the work-hardening ability and ductility of steel *** the routes to this end can be generally classified into the liquid-solid route and the solid-solid ***,the formation of DCN structures in steel requires long processes and complex *** far,obtaining steel with coherent particle enhancement in a short time remains a bottleneck,and some necessary steps remain ***,we show a high-efficiency liquid-phase refining process reinforced by a dynamic magnetic ***-Y-Mn-O particles had an average size of around(3.53±1.21)nm and can be obtained in just around 180 *** small nanoparticles were coherent with the matrix,implying no accumulated dislocations between the particles and the steel *** findings have a potential application for improving material machining capacity,creep resistance,and radiation resistance.

关键词： ferritic steels coherent particles microstructure compression test work hardening

Neuropeptide cholecystokinin:a key neuromodulator for hippocampal functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1991-1992页

作者： Fengwen huang Stephen Temitayo Bello Department of Neuroscience City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Regenerative Medicine and Health Hong Kong Institute of Science&InnovationChinese Academy of SciencesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Spatial memory is crucial for survival within external surroundings and wild *** hippocampus,a critical hub for spatial learning and memory formation,has received extensive investigations on how neuromodulators shape its functions(Teixeira et al.,2018;Zhang et al.,2024).However,the landscape of neuromodulations in the hippocampal system remains poorly understood because most studies focus on classical monoamine neuromodulators,such as acetylcholine,serotonin,dopamine,and *** neuropeptides,comprising the most abundant neuromodulators in the central nervous system,play a pivotal role in neural information processing in the hippocampal ***(CCK),one of the most abundant neuropeptides,has been implicated in regulating various physiological and neurobiological statuses(Chen et al.,2019).CCK-A receptor(CCK-AR)and CCK-B receptors(CCK-BR)are two key receptors mediating the biological functions of CCK,both of which belong to class-A sevenfold transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors(Nishimura et al.,2015).CCK-AR preferentially reacts to sulfated CCK,whereas CCK-BR binds both CCK and gastrin with similar affinities(Ding et al.,2022).The expression patterns of CCK-AR and CCK-BR are distinct,implying that CCK has various functions in target *** instance,CCK-AR is widely expressed in the GI and brain subregions and is hence implicated in the control of digestive function and satiety ***,CCK-BR is abundantly and widely distributed in the central nervous system,which majorly regulates anxiety,learning,and memory(Ding et al.,2022).However,the roles of endogenous CCK and CCK receptors in regulating hippocampal function at electrophysiological and behavioral levels have received less attention.

关键词： abundant functions modulator

The role of axon guidance molecules in the pathogenesis of epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1244-1257页

作者： Zheng Liu Chunhua Pan Hao huang Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Current treatments for epilepsy can only manage the symptoms of the condition but cannot alter the initial onset or halt the progression of the disease. Consequently, it is crucial to identify drugs that can target novel cellular and molecular mechanisms and mechanisms of action. Increasing evidence suggests that axon guidance molecules play a role in the structural and functional modifications of neural networks and that the dysregulation of these molecules is associated with epilepsy susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the essential role of axon guidance molecules in neuronal activity in patients with epilepsy as well as the impact of these molecules on synaptic plasticity and brain tissue remodeling. Furthermore, we examine the relationship between axon guidance molecules and neuroinflammation, as well as the structural changes in specific brain regions that contribute to the development of epilepsy. Ample evidence indicates that axon guidance molecules, including semaphorins and ephrins, play a fundamental role in guiding axon growth and the establishment of synaptic connections. Deviations in their expression or function can disrupt neuronal connections, ultimately leading to epileptic seizures. The remodeling of neural networks is a significant characteristic of epilepsy, with axon guidance molecules playing a role in the dynamic reorganization of neural circuits. This, in turn, affects synapse formation and elimination. Dysregulation of these molecules can upset the delicate balance between excitation and inhibition within a neural network, thereby increasing the risk of overexcitation and the development of epilepsy. Inflammatory signals can regulate the expression and function of axon guidance molecules, thus influencing axonal growth, axon orientation, and synaptic plasticity. The dysregulation of neuroinflammation can intensify neuronal dysfunction and contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy. This review delves into the mechanisms associated with

关键词： axon guidance drug-resistant epilepsy epilepsy nerve regeneration nervous system diseases neural pathways neuroinflammatory diseases neuronal plasticity neurons synaptic remodeling

Glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the brain and its involvement in cognitive function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2520-2537页

作者： Chonglin Su Taiqi huang Meiyu Zhang Yanyu Zhang Yan Zeng Xingxing Chen Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and ControlSchool of MedicineWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulates the secretion of glucoco rticoids in response to environmental *** the brain,a nuclear receptor transcription fa ctor,the glucocorticoid recepto r,is an important component of the hypothalamicpituitary-a d renal axis's negative feedback loop and plays a key role in regulating cognitive equilibrium and *** glucoco rticoid receptor influences cognitive processes,including glutamate neurotransmission,calcium signaling,and the activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated pathways,through a combination of genomic and non-genomic *** interactions within the central nervous system can alter the expression and activity of the glucocorticoid receptor,there by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and stress-related cognitive *** appropriate level of glucocorticoid receptor expression can improve cognitive function,while excessive glucocorticoid receptors or long-term exposure to glucoco rticoids may lead to cognitive *** with cognitive impairment-associated diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease,aging,depression,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,stroke,and addiction,often present with dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid receptor *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the functions of the glucoco rticoid receptor in the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and cognitive *** emphasizes that appropriate glucocorticoid receptor signaling fa cilitates learning and memory,while its dysregulation can lead to cognitive *** provides clues about how glucocorticoid receptor signaling can be targeted to ove rcome cognitive disability-related disorders.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium signaling glucocorticoid receptor glucocorticoid glutamate transmission hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis long-term potentiation neurocognitive disorders neuroplasticity stress

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预训练模型在软件工程领域应用研究进展

软件学报 2025年第1期36卷 1-26页

作者：宫丽娜周易人乔羽姜淑娟魏明强黄志球南京航空航天大学计算机科学与技术学院高安全系统的软件开发与验证技术工信部重点实验室(南京航空航天大学) 中国矿业大学计算机科学与技术学院

近年来深度学习在软件工程领域任务中取得了优异的性能.众所周知,实际任务中优异性能依赖于大规模训练集,而收集和标记大规模训练集需要耗费大量资源和成本,这限制了深度学习技术在实际任务中的广泛应用.随着深度学习领域预训练模型(pre... 详细信息

近年来深度学习在软件工程领域任务中取得了优异的性能.众所周知,实际任务中优异性能依赖于大规模训练集,而收集和标记大规模训练集需要耗费大量资源和成本,这限制了深度学习技术在实际任务中的广泛应用.随着深度学习领域预训练模型(pre-trained model, PTM)的发布,将预训练模型引入到软件工程(software engineering, SE)任务中得到了国内外软件工程领域研究人员的广泛关注,并得到了质的飞跃,使得智能化软件工程进入了一个新时代.然而,目前没有研究提炼预训练模型在软件工程领域的成功和机遇.为阐明这一交叉领域的工作(pre-trained models for software engineering, PTM4SE),系统梳理当前基于预训练模型的智能软件工程相关工作,首先给出基于预训练模型的智能软件工程方法框架,其次分析讨论软件工程领域常用的预训练模型技术,详细介绍使用预训练模型的软件工程领域下游任务,并比较和分析预训练模型技术这些任务上的性能.然后详细介绍常用的训练和微调PTM的软件工程领域数据集.最后,讨论软件工程领域使用PTM面临的挑战和机遇.同时将整理的软件工程领域PTM和常用数据集发布在https://***/OpenSELab/PTM4SE.

关键词：软件仓库挖掘预训练模型程序语言模型

Dynamical complexity of Anosov systems driven by a quasi-periodic force

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第1期 89-136页

作者： Wen huang Zeng Lian Kening Lu Department of Mathematics University of Science and Technology of China School of Mathematics Sichuan University

Consider C2Anosov systems on a compact manifold driven by a quasi-periodic *** study their dynamical complexity on various levels from the perspectives of both path-wise dynamics and stochastic *** that these systems are non-wandering（i.e.,every point in the phase space is nonwandering）,we prove a set of results:（1） the existence of abundance of random periodic points;（2） a random Liv?ic theorem;（3） a random Ma?é-Bousch-Conze-Guivarc'h lemma;（4） the existence of strong random ***,a concrete example constructed on a 2-dimensional torus is also given to uncover some interesting phenomena of the systems.

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Local-contrastive-learning machine with both generalization and adversarial robustness: A statistical physics analysis

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 109-123页

作者： Mingshan Xie Yuchen Wang Haiping huang PMI Lab School of Physics Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices Sun Yat-sen University

Distinct from human cognitive processing, deep neural networks trained by backpropagation can be easily fooled by adversarial examples. To design a semantically meaningful representation learning, we discard backpropagation, and instead, propose a local contrastive learning, where the representations for the inputs bearing the same label shrink(akin to boson) in hidden layers,while those of different labels repel(akin to fermion). This layer-wise learning is local in nature, being biologically plausible.A statistical mechanics analysis shows that the target fermion-pair-distance is a key parameter. Moreover, the application of this local contrastive learning to MNIST benchmark dataset demonstrates that the adversarial vulnerability of standard perceptron can be greatly mitigated by tuning the target distance, i.e., controlling the geometric separation of prototype manifolds.

关键词： machine learning statistical mechanics adversarial robustness neural networks