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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 118-130页

作者： Zihan liu Han liu Jialing Cheng Hongliang Wang Yanfang Yang jun Ye Yuling liu State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China

Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a common progressive inflammatory disease whose incidence has increased rapidly in recent years,and can develop into colorectal cancer in severe cases.There are currently no adequate or effective treatments for UC due to the fact that some patients have found suboptimal results after repeated administration,while others have experienced adverse effects.With the rapid development of nanotechnology,developing innovative colon-targeting platforms is essential to improving efficacy,reducing side effects,and improving patient compliance.In this review,we summarize the pathophysiological characteristics of UC and the most recent status of numerous nanodrug delivery systems based on different targeting mechanisms in treating UC.Oral,intravenous,and rectal drug delivery nanoparticles targeting the colon are discussed,which can provide ideas for the design of colon-targeting nanoparticles for the treatment of colon diseases,especially for the treatment of UC.Last but not least,we provide a glimpse into the future of colon-targeted delivery systems,as well as future advancements in the field.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Physiological characteristics Colon-specific drug delivery Mechanisms of action Targeted therapy of UC

Comment on“Robotic surgery and liver transplantation:A single-center experience of 501 robotic donor hepatectomies”

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 109-110页

作者： Xiang-Yan liu Yun-Yang Xu Ze Xiang shu-Sen Zheng shulan(Hangzhou)Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang shuren University shulan International Medical College Hangzhou 310015China Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310009China

To the Editor:We read with great interest the article by Schulze et al.entitled“Robotic surgery and liver transplantation:A single-center experience of 501 robotic donor hepatectomies”[1].It is the first single-center report including over 500 fully robotic donor hepatectomies.For the donors,the overall complication rate was 6.4%(n=32).Postoperative self-limiting bleeding(0.4%)and bile leakage from the resection plane(1.8%)were rare.

关键词： robotic Robotic center

Intestinal flora: New perspective of type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1996-1999页

作者： Yan liu jun Chang Li-Ding Bai Department of Gastroenterology Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineTianjinTianjin 300100China First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300381China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300193China

Diabetes comprises a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia stemming from various factors.Current diabetes management primarily focuses on blood glucose control,yet it is inherently progressive,necessitating increased reliance on exogenous blood glucose control methods over time.Therefore,there is an urgent need to explore novel intervention strategies addressing both diabetes and its complications.The human intestinal microbiota,often referred to as the"second genome",exhibits significant diversity and plays a pivotal role in insulin resistance,glucose and lipid metabolism,and inflammatory response.Notably,Li and Guo have elucidated the involvement of intestinal flora in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and proposed a novel therapeutic approach targeting intestinal microbes.This advancement enhances our comprehension of the multifaceted and multi-target regulation of T2DM by intestinal microflora,thereby offering fresh avenues for understanding its pathogenesis and clinical management.This letter briefly summarizes the role of intestinal flora in T2DM based on findings from animal experiments and clinical studies.Additionally,it discusses the potential clinical applications and challenges associated with targeting intestinal flora as therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Microbial metabolites Intestinal flora Probiotics Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes

Unraveling role of double-exchange interaction in electrochemical water oxidation by external magnetic field

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 289-297页

作者： jun Li jun-Ming Li Hong Hong Dong-Xue liu Qing-Qi Cao Dun-Hui Wang National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China School of Electronics and Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Double-exchange(DE) interaction plays an important role in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction(OER).However,precise achievement of DE interaction often requires foreign dopants or vacancy engineering,leading to destabilization of the catalysts and deterioration of performance.By contrast,the utilization of environmentally friendly,contactless,and continuously adjustable magnetic fields to study the OER process is profitable to avoid aforementioned interference factors and further elucidate the direct relationship_(0.5)between DE interaction and OER activity.Here,by using cobalt hydroxide carbonate(Co(OH)(CO_(3))·xH_(2)O,CoHC) nanostructures as a proof-of-concept study,external magnetic fields are carefully implemented to verify the role of DE interaction during water oxidation reaction.Detailed studies reveal that external magnetic fields effectively enhance the reaction rate of the catalyst,the overpotential decreases from 386 to 355 mV(100 mA·cm^(-2)),while Tafel slopes drastically decline from 93 to 67 mV·dec^(-1)(1.0 T).Moreover,magnetic field increment exhibits robust durability.Through in situ Raman and impedance measurements under external field,it can be found that magnetic field promotes the electron migration between Co^(2+) and Co^(3+) in the CoHC catalysts with the assistance of DE interactions,thus boosting the OER efficiency.

关键词： Magnetic field Double-exchange(DE)interaction Electrocatalysis Oxygen evolution reaction(OER) Cobalt hydroxide carbonate

The essential roles of m^(6)A modification in osteogenesis and common bone diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 335-345页

作者： Yuxi Gu Yidan Song Yihua Pan jun liu State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Department of OrthodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China

N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)is the most prevalent modification in the eukaryotic transcriptome and has a wide range of functions in coding and noncoding RNAs.It affects the fate of the modified RNA,including its stability,splicing,and translation,and plays an important role in post-transcriptional regulation.Bones play a key role in supporting and pro-tecting muscles and other organs,facilitating the movement of the organism,ensuring blood production,etc.Bone diseases such as osteoarthritis,osteoporosis,and bone tumors are serious public health problems.The processes of bone development and osteogenic differen-tiation require the precise regulation of gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms including histone,DNA,and RNA modifications.As a reversible dynamic epigenetic mark,m^(6)A modifications affect nearly every important biological process,cellular component,and molecular function,including skeletal development and homeostasis.In recent years,studies have shown that m^(6)A modification is involved in osteogenesis and bone-related diseases.In this review,we summarized the proteins involved in RNA m^(6)A modification and the latest progress in elucidating the regulatory role of m^(6)A modification in bone formation and stem cell direc-tional differentiation.We also discussed the pathological roles and potential molecular mech-anisms of m^(6)A modification in bone-related diseases like osteoporosis and osteosarcoma and suggested potential areas for new strategies that could be used to prevent or treat bone de-fects and bone diseases.

关键词： Bone diseases m^(6)A modification Osteogenesis Regulatory role Stem cells

Spatial distribution of shallow landslides caused by Typhoon Lekima in 2019 in Zhejiang Province, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1564-1580页

作者： CUI Yulong YANG liu XU Chong ZHENG jun School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China Department of Civil Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

In recent years, the coastal region of Southeast China has witnessed a significant increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events associated with landfalling typhoons. The hilly and mountainous terrain of this area, combined with rapid rainfall accumulation, has led to a surge in flash floods and severe geological hazards. On August 10, 2019, Typhoon Lekima made landfall in Zhejiang Province, China, and its torrential rainfall triggered extensive landslides, resulting in substantial damage and economic losses. Utilizing high-resolution satellite images, we compiled a landslide inventory of the affected area, which comprises a total of 2,774 rainfallinduced landslides over an area of 2965 km2. The majority of these landslides were small to mediumsized and exhibited elongated, clustered patterns. Some landslides displayed characteristics of high-level initiation, obstructing or partially blocking rivers, leading to the formation of debris dams. We used the inventory to analyze the distribution pattern of the landslides and their relationship with topographical, geological, and hydrological factors. The results showed that landslide abundance was closely related to elevation, slope angle, faults, and road density. The landslides were predominantly located in hilly and low mountainous areas, with elevations ranging from 150 to 300 m, slopes of 20 to 30 degrees, and a NE-SE aspect. Notably, we observed the highest Landslide Number Density(LND) and Landslide Area Percentage(LAP) in the rhyolite region. Landslides were concentrated within approximately 4 km on either side of fault zones, with their size and frequency negatively correlated with distances to faults, roads, and river systems. Furthermore, under the influence of typhoons, regions with denser vegetation cover exhibited higher landslide density, reaching maximum values in shrubland areas. In areas experiencing significantly increased concentrated rainfall, landslide density also showed a corresponding rise. In terms of spatial distribution

关键词： Typhoon rainfall Landslide characteristics Spatial distribution Southeast coastal region

Effect of early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation on function and quality of life in sepsis patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 729-736页

作者： Ming-Hui Zheng Wen-jun liu Juan Yang Division of Cardiovascular First Ward Departments of Internal Medicine Liyuan HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430077Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Respiratory Medicine PuRen Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology/Respiratory MedicineWuhan 430000Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Cardiology Huanggang Central HospitalHuanggang 438000Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Sepsis,as a non-limiting host infection disease,can be accompanied by serious complications such as organ failure,which seriously threatens patient quality of life.AIM To investigate the effect of early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation on cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in patients evacuated from mechanical ventilation with sepsis.METHODS A total of 80 patients with sepsis who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected and divided into the observation group(n=40)and the control group(n=40)according to the random number table method.The observation group was treated with early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation,and the control group was treated with a conventional treatment regimen.Cardiac function indexes(central venous pressure,cardiac troponin I,B-type brain natriuretic peptide),lung function indicators(diaphragmatic mobility,changes in central venous oxygen saturation,oxygenation index),and quality of life(Quality of Life Evaluation Scale)were compared between the two groups after treatment.RESULTS After treatment,the central venous pressure,diaphragm mobility,central venous oxygen saturation,oxygenation index,and Quality of Life Evaluation Scale scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The observation group was less than that of the control group for other parameters,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation can effectively enhance cardiac and pulmonary function and improve the quality of life in patients evacuated from mechanical ventilation with sepsis.

关键词： Stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation Sepsis Evacuation of mechanical ventilation Cardiopulmonary function Quality of life

Switched-capacitor Based Seven-level Boost Inverter with a Reduced Number of Devices

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 381-391页

作者： Weijie Lin jun Zeng Bo Fu Zhixing Yan junfeng liu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China WISDRI Engineering&Research Incorporation Limited Wuhan 430074China Department of Energy Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark School of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

The conventional multilevel inverters(MLIs)have the disadvantages of numerous devices,incapacity of boost,unbalance for capacitor’s voltage,high complexity for control,and etc.Motivated by this issue,a seven-level boost inverter(7LBI)based on a switched capacitor is presented for singlephase applications in this paper.The proposed 7LBI using only seven transistors can achieve seven output levels,1.5 voltage gain,and natural balance of capacitors’voltages without sensors or other auxiliary methods,which illustrates its suitability for the applications of renewable energy generation.The configuration of topology and operating principles are illustrated in detail.The natural balance of capacitors and capacitance calculations are deduced as well.Moreover,the comparative study is conducted for different types of MLIs.The results illustrate the merits of the proposed 7LBI with respect to reduced devices,lower voltage stress,and less power loss.Finally,a simulation for the proposed 7LBI with PWM modulation is realized based on the theoretical analysis;an experimental prototype is also implemented,verifying multilevel output,boost ability,natural balance for switched capacitors,and performance of transient response.

关键词： Multilevel inverters voltage gain natural balance renewable energy generation reduced number of elements

Role of polarization evolution in the hysteresis effect of Pb-based antiferroelecrtics

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 516-519页

作者： Botao Gao He Qi Hui liu jun Chen Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Department of Physical ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201899China Hainan University Haikou 570228China

The electric field-induced irreversible domain wall motion results in a ferroelectric(FE) hysteresis. In antiferroelectrics(AFEs), the irreversible phase transition is the main reason for the hysteresis effects, which plays an important role in energy storage performance. Compared to the well-demonstrated FE hysteresis,the structural mechanism of the hysteresis in AFE is not well understood. In this work, the underlying correlation between structure and the hysteresis effect is unveiled in Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti)O_(3) AFE system by using in-situ electrical biasing synchrotron X-ray diffraction. It is found that the AFE with a canting dipole configuration, which shows a continuous polarization rotation under the electric field, tends to have a small hysteresis effect. It presents a negligible phase transition, a small axis ratio, and electric field-induced lattice changing, small domain switching. All these features together lead to a slim hysteresis loop and a high energy storage efficiency. These results offer a deep insight into the structure-hysteresis relationship of AFEs and are helpful for the design of energy storage material.

关键词： Antiferroelectric Hysteresis effect Structure refinement Perovskite In situ synchrotron radiation

A buffer overflow detection and defense method based on RiSC-V instruction set extension

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Cybersecurity 2024年第2期7卷 28-43页

作者： Chang liu Yan-jun Wu Jing-Zheng Wu Chen Zhao Intelligent Software Research Center Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Buffer overflow poses a serious threat to the memory security of modern operating systems.It overwrites the con-tents of other memory areas by breaking through the buffer capacity limit,destroys the system execution environ-ment,and provides implementation space for various system attacks such as program control flow hijacking.That makes it a wide range of harms.A variety of security technologies have been proposed to deal with system security problems including buffer overflow.For example,No eXecute(NX for short)is a memory management technology commonly used in Harvard architecture.It can refuse the execution of code which residing in a specific memory,and can effectively suppress the abnormal impact of buffer overflow on control flow.Therefore,in recent years,it has also been used in the field of system security,deriving a series of solutions based on NX technology,such as ExecShield,DEP,StackGuard,etc.However,these security solutions often rely too much on the processor archi-tecture so that the protection coverage is insufficient and the accuracy is limited.Especially in the emerging system architecture field represented by RiSC-V,there is still a lack of effective solutions for buffer overflow vulnerabilities.With the continuous rapid development of the system architecture,it is urgent to develop defense methods that are applicable to different system application environments and oriented to all executable memory spaces to meet the needs of system security development.Therefore,we propose BOP,A new system memory security design method based on RISC-V extended instructions,to build a RISC-V buffer overflow detection and defense system and deal with the buffer overflow threat in RIsC-V.According to this method,NX technology can be combined with program control flow analysis,and Nx bit mechanism can be used to manage the executability of memory space,so as to achieve a more granular detection and defense of buffer overflow attacks that may occur in RISC-V system environment.In addition,The memory management an

关键词： RISc-V Operating system security Buffer overflow Control flow hijacking Nx bit Xibop