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Weighted Probability Density Estimator with Updated Bandwidths

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Journal of systems science & Complexity 2024年第2期37卷 886-906页

作者： WU Yi YU Wei WANG Xuejun PRAKAsA rao B L s school of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Chizhou UniversityChizhou 247000China school of Big Data and statistics Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China CR rao Advanced Institute of Mathematics Statistics and Computer ScienceHyderabad 500046India

In this paper,the authors study a class of weighted version of probability density estimator.It is shown that the weighted estimator contains some existing estimators of probability density,no matter they are recursive or non-recursive.some statistical results including weak consistency,strong consistency,rate of strong consistency,and asymptotic normality are established under some mild conditions.Moreover,the random weighted estimator is also investigated.some numerical simulations and a real data analysis are presented to study the numerical performances of the estimators.

关键词： Asymptotic normality consistency numerical simulation probability density real data analysis updated bandwidths weighted estimator

Enhanced Hybrid Equilibrium strategy in Fog-Cloud Computing Networks with Optimal Task scheduling

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2647-2672页

作者： Muchang rao Hang Qin school of Computer science Yangtze UniversityJingzhou434000China

More devices in the Intelligent Internet of Things(AIoT)result in an increased number of tasks that require low latency and real-time responsiveness,leading to an increased demand for computational resources.Cloud computing’s low-latency performance issues in AIoT scenarios have led researchers to explore fog computing as a complementary extension.However,the effective allocation of resources for task execution within fog environments,characterized by limitations and heterogeneity in computational resources,remains a formidable challenge.To tackle this challenge,in this study,we integrate fog computing and cloud computing.We begin by establishing a fog-cloud environment framework,followed by the formulation of a mathematical model for task scheduling.Lastly,we introduce an enhanced hybrid Equilibrium Optimizer(EHEO)tailored for AIoT task scheduling.The overarching objective is to decrease both the makespan and energy consumption of the fog-cloud system while accounting for task deadlines.The proposed EHEO method undergoes a thorough evaluation against multiple benchmark algorithms,encompassing metrics likemakespan,total energy consumption,success rate,and average waiting time.Comprehensive experimental results unequivocally demonstrate the superior performance of EHEO across all assessed metrics.Notably,in the most favorable conditions,EHEO significantly diminishes both the makespan and energy consumption by approximately 50%and 35.5%,respectively,compared to the secondbest performing approach,which affirms its efficacy in advancing the efficiency of AIoT task scheduling within fog-cloud networks.

关键词： Artificial intelligence of things fog computing task scheduling equilibrium optimizer differential evaluation algorithm local search

Enhancing lithium-sulfur battery performance with In_(2)O_(3)-In_(2)s_(3)@NsC heterostructures:synergistic effects of double barrier and catalytic transformation

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 105-114页

作者： Deqing He Chunyu Zhu Yutao Huo Zhonghao rao school of Energy and Environmental Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Hebei Key Laboratory of Thermal science and Energy Clean Utilization Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China school of Low-carbon Energy and Power Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

The sluggish redox reaction kinetics of lithium polysulfides(LiPss)are considered the main obstacle to the commercial application of lithium-sulfur(Li-s)batteries.To accelerate the conversion by catalysis and inhibit the shuttling of soluble LiPss in Li-s batteries,a solution is proposed in this study.The solution involves fabrication of N,s co-doped carbon coated In_(2)O_(3)/In_(2)s_(3)heterostructure(In_(2)O_(3)-In_(2)s_(3)@NsC)as a multifunctional host material for the cathode.The In_(2)O_(3)-In_(2)s_(3)@NsC composite can reduce the Gibbs free energy for the conversion reactions of LiPss,which results in superior performance.The synergy between different components in In_(2)O_(3)-In_(2)s_(3)@NsC and the unique 3D structure facilitate ion and electron transport in Li-s batteries.The In_(2)O_(3)-In_(2)s_(3)@NsC/Li 2 s 6 cathode exhibits excellent rate capacity,with a capacity of 599 mAh g−1 at 5.5 C,and good cycle stability,with a capacity of 436 mAh g^(−1)after 1000 cycles at 1 C.Overall,this study proposes a promising solution to improve the energy storage properties of Li-s batteries,which could potentially facilitate the commercialization of Li-s batteries.

关键词： Li-s battery Multifunctional host material synergy Heterostructures Energy storage properties

Recent advances in electrochemical performance of Mg-based electrochemical energy storage materials in supercapacitors:Enhancement and mechanism

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 35-58页

作者： Yuntao Xiao Xinfang Zhang Can Wang Jinsong rao Yuxin Zhang College of Materials science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The application of Mg-based electrochemical energy storage materials in high performance supercapacitors is an essential step to promote the exploitation and utilization of magnesium resources in the field of energy storage.Unfortunately,the inherent chemical properties of magnesium lead to poor cycling stability and electrochemical reactivity,which seriously limit the application of Mg-based materials in supercapacitors.Herein,in this review,more than 70 research papers published in recent 10 years were collected and analyzed.some representative research works were selected,and the results of various regulative strategies to improve the electrochemical performance of Mg-based materials were discussed.The effects of various regulative strategies(such as constructing nanostructures,synthesizing composites,defect engineering,and binder-free synthesis,etc.)on the electrochemical performance and their mechanism are demonstrated using spinelstructured MgX_(2)O_(4) and layered structured Mg-X-LDHs as examples.In addition,the application of magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide in electrode materials,MXene's solid spacers and hard templates are introduced.Finally,the challenges and outlooks of Mg-based electrochemical energy storage materials in high performance supercapacitors are also discussed.

关键词： supercapacitor Electrochemical energy storage Mg-based materials

Ground-layer Adaptive Optics for the 2.5 m Wide-field and High-resolution solar Telescope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 224-236页

作者： Ying Yang Lan-Qiang Zhang Nan-Fei Yan Jin-sheng Yang Zhen Li Teng-Fei song Xue-Jun rao Chang-Hui rao Key Laboratory on Adaptive Optics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China Institute of Optics and Electronics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China school of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering of the University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China school of Astronomy and space science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Modern A&A Ministry of EducationNanjing 210023China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216.China

The 2.5 m wide-field and high-resolution solar telescope(WeHosT)is currently under developing for solar observations.WeHosT aims to achieve high-resolution observations over a super-wide field of view(FOV)of5′×5′,and a desired resolution of 0.3″.To meet the scientific requirements of WeHosT,the ground-layer adaptive optics(GLAO)with a specially designed wave front sensing system is as the primary consideration.We introduce the GLAO configuration,particularly the wave front sensing scheme.Utilizing analytic method,we simulate the performance of both classical AO and GLAO systems,optimize the wave front sensing system,and evaluate GLAO performance in terms of PsF uniformity and correction improvement across whole FOV.The results indicate that,the classical AO will achieve diffraction-limited resolution;the suggested GLAO configuration will uniformly improve the seeing across the full 5′×5′FOV,reducing the FWHM across the axis FOV to less than0.3″(λ≥705 nm,r0≥11 cm),which is more than two times improvement.The specially designed wave front sensor schedule offers new potential for WeHosT’s GLAO,particularly the multi-FOV GLAO and the flexibility to select the detected area.These capabilities will significantly enhance the scientific output of the telescope.

关键词： instrumentation adaptive optics-instrumentation detectors-instrumentation high angular resolution-methods numerical-telescopes-sun activity

Representation of the stratospheric Circulation in CRA-40 Reanalysis:The Arctic Polar Vortex and the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第5期41卷 894-914页

作者： Zixu WANG shirui YAN Jinggao HU Jiechun DENG Rongcai REN Jian rao Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory for semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China state Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The representation of the Arctic stratospheric circulation and the quasi-biennial oscillation(QBO)during the period 1981–2019 in a 40-yr Chinese global reanalysis dataset(CRA-40)is evaluated by comparing two widely used reanalysis datasets,ERA-5 and MERRA-2.CRA-40 demonstrates a comparable performance with ERA-5 and MERRA-2 in characterizing the winter and spring circulation in the lower and middle Arctic stratosphere.specifically,differences in the climatological polar-mean temperature and polar night jet among the three reanalyses are within±0.5 K and±0.5 m s^(–1),respectively.The onset dates of the stratospheric sudden warming and stratospheric final warming events at 10 hPa in CRA-40,together with the dynamics and circulation anomalies during the onset process of warming events,are nearly identical to the other two reanalyses with slight differences.By contrast,the CRA-40 dataset demonstrates a deteriorated performance in describing the QBO below 10 hPa compared to the other two reanalysis products,manifested by the larger easterly biases of the QBO index,the remarkably weaker amplitude of the QBO,and the weaker wavelet power of the QBO period.such pronounced biases are mainly concentrated in the period 1981–98 and largely reduced by at least 39%in 1999–2019.Thus,particular caution is needed in studying the QBO based on CRA-40.All three reanalyses exhibit greater disagreement in the upper stratosphere compared to the lower and middle stratosphere for both the polar region and the tropics.

关键词： CRA-40 ERA-5 MERRA-2 Arctic stratosphere the QBO

Detection of a temporal salient object benefits from visual stimulus-specific adaptation in avian midbrain inhibitory nucleus

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 288-306页

作者： Jiangtao WANG Xiaoping rao shuman HUANG Zhizhong WANG Xiaoke NIU Minjie ZHU songwei WANG Li sHI Department of Automation Zhengzhou University School of Electrical EngineeringZhengzhouChina state Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics National Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanKey Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological SystemsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Food and predators are the most noteworthy objects for the basic survival of wild animals,and both are often deviant in both spatial and temporal domains and quickly attract an animal’s attention.Although stimulus-specific adaptation(ssA)is considered a potential neural basis of salient sound detection in the temporal domain,related research on visual ssA is limited and its relationship with temporal saliency is uncertain.The avian nucleus isthmi pars magnocellularis(Imc),which is central to midbrain selective attention network,is an ideal site to investigate the neural correlate of visual ssA and detection of a salient object in the time domain.Here,the constant order paradigm was applied to explore the visual ssA in the Imc of pigeons.The results showed that the firing rates of Imc neurons gradually decrease with repetitions of motion in the same direction,but recover when a motion in a deviant direction is presented,implying visual ssA to the direction of a moving object.Furthermore,enhanced response for an object moving in other directions that were not presented ever in the paradigm is also observed.To verify the neural mechanism underlying these phenomena,we introduced a neural computation model involving a recoverable synaptic change with a“center-surround”pattern to reproduce the visual ssA and temporal saliency for the moving object.These results suggest that the Imc produces visual ssA to motion direction,allowing temporal salient object detection,which may facilitate the detection of the sudden appearance of a predator.

关键词： adaptation attention model pigeon saliency

Association between serum Ferritin Levels and Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease in Adults:a Cross-sectional study Based on the NHANEs

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Current Medical science 2024年第3期44卷 494-502页

作者： Jiang-hui LI Xue-yao MA Yun YI Lu-rao LI Zhi-yong XU Ying CHANG Department of Gastroenterology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases Wuhan430071China Endoscopy Center The People’s Hospital of YingshanHuanggang438799China

Objective Ferritin,initially acting as an iron-storage protein,was found to be associated with metabolic diseases.Our study was designed to investigate the association between serum ferritin and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination survey(NHANEs)of the United state of America.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted,enrolling a total of 2145 participants from the NHANEs in the 2017–2018 cycles.Hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis were assessed by ultrasound images and several non-invasive indexes.Multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the associations between serum ferritin concentration and MAFLD and liver fibrosis.Results The analysis revealed that participants with higher serum ferritin levels(Q3 and Q4 groups)had a higher prevalence of MAFLD than those with the lowest serum ferritin levels[Q3 vs.Q1:OR=2.17(1.33,3.53),Ps.Q1:OR=3.13(1.91,5.13),Ps with the highest serum ferritin levels(Q4 group)displayed a higher prevalence of liver fibrosis[Q4 vs.Q1:OR=2.59(1.19,5.62),Pstiffness measurement;OR=5.06(1.12,22.94),Psis-4 index],with significantly increased risk observed in participants with concomitant diabetes[OR=7.45(1.55,35.72),P=0.012].Conclusion Our study revealed that elevated serum ferritin levels are associated with a higher prevalence of MAFLD and advanced liver fibrosis in patients.Elevated serum ferritin levels combined with diabetes are important risk factors for liver fibrosis.

关键词： serum ferritin liver fibrosis metabolic-associated fatty liver disease National Health and Nutrition Examination survey

Fabricating AC/DC nanogenerators based on single ZnO nanowires by using a nanomanipulator in a scanning electron microscope

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第2期7卷 25-31页

作者： Mei Liu Mengfan He Aristide Djoulde Lingdi Kong Weilin su Xin Bai Jinbo Chen Jinjun rao Zhiming Wang shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics School of Mechatronic Engineering and AutomationShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

single zinc oxide nanowires(ZnO NWs)are promising for nanogenerators because of their excellent semiconducting and piezoelectric properties,but characterizing the latter efficiently is challenging.As reported here,an electrical breakdown strategy was used to construct single ZnO NWs with a specific length.With the high operability of a nanomanipulator in a scanning electron microscope,ZnO-NW-based twoprobe and three-probe structures were constructed for fabricating AC/DC nanogenerators,respectively.For a ZnO NW,an AC output of between−15.31 mV and 5.82 mV was achieved,while for a DC nanogenerator,an output of24.3 mV was realized.Also,the three-probe structure’s output method was changed to verify the distribution of piezoelectric charges when a single ZnO NW is bent by a probe,and DC outputs of different amplitudes were achieved.This study provides a low-cost,highly convenient,and operational method for studying the AC/DC output characteristics of single NWs,which is beneficial for the further development of nanogenerators.

关键词： Zinc oxide nanowire Piezoelectric properties Nanomanipulator sEM AC/DC nanogenerators