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Root growth dynamics during recovery of tropical mountain forest in North-east India

Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第10期16卷 2335-2347页

作者： Chalthleng LALNUNZIRA Francis Q.BREARLEY shri kant tripathi Department of Forestry Mizoram UniversityAizawl 796 004India School of Science and the Environment Manchester Metropolitan UniversityChester StreetManchesterM1 5GDUK

Ever increasing pressures on tropical forests worldwide due to anthropogenic disturbances have greatly affected both above-and belowground functioning of these *** fine roots play major ecological roles in forests through assisting in nutrient and water uptake and returning elements to the soil environment,coarse roots play an important role in C *** studied changes in fine and coarse root biomass,production,turnover and carbon and nitrogen return to the soil in two regenerating forest stands(RFs)following stonemining that were 5 years(RF-5)and 15 years(RF-15)post-disturbance compared with a natural forest stand(NF)in Mizoram,North-east ***(<2mm)and coarse root(2-10 mm)biomass differed significantly among the forest stands and ranged from239(RF-5)to 415(NF)and 230(RF-5)to 436(NF)g m 2,*** root(fine+coarse)biomass increased during stand development but the proportion of very fine root(<0.5 mm)to total root production *** root biomass decreased with increasing soil *** and total root biomass showed strong seasonal correlations with soil moisture,more so than for rainfall and temperature,whereas these relationships were less clear for the coarse root *** amount of N(25-55 kg ha-1)and C(1.9-3.6t ha-1)stored in root biomass increased with stand age with a corresponding increase in production and turnover of C and N to the *** to these tropical forests negatively affected root dynamics,influenced their spatiotemporal patterns,and reduced the production,amount and availability of nutrients returned to the soil along with a strong reduction in the root biomass carbon pool and sequestration in carbon residence *** observed that root growth,especially fine roots,is dependent on abiotic variables,and plays a significant role in early stages of secondary succession by adding organic matter and nutrients through high turnover rates in these forests.

关键词： Total root biomass Element return Regenerating forest Root production and turnover Anthropogenic disturbance

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Effect of Ficus benghalensis Latex Based Combinatorial Formulations on Various Bio-Molecules in Indian White Termite Odontotermes obesus

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第4期11卷 82-102页

作者： Abhishek Kumar tripathi Ravi kant Upadhyay Department of Zoology Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur India

In present investigation, various bioassays were conducted to evaluate the alteration in levels of certain biomolecules, such as glycogen, protein, amino acid, DNA, RNA and lipids. For this purpose, worker termites were treated with sub-lethal dose 40% and 80% of 24 hrs LD50 values and observations were taken at 4 hrs interval up to 24 hrs. Crude latex and its combinatorial mixtures, like S-MLT-A, B-MLT-A, C-MLT-A, CU-MLT-A, AQ-MLT significantly altered level of bio-molecules in Odontotermes obesus. This effect was found time and dose dependent. Reduction or increase in biomolecules was calculated by using corresponding control. Maximum decrease in glycogen level was observed at 16 h when termites were treated with 80% of LD50 of Ficus benghalensis aqueous extract i.e. 56.88% at 16 h of treatment. A similar dose caused very slight decrease in lipid contents at 4 h of treatment but it was found further significantly (p > 0.05) decreased in other successive treatments. 40% and 80% of LD50 of C-MLT-B mixture caused significant (p > 0.05) decrease in DNA and RNA level at 16 h treatment. The level of DNA and RNA level was recorded 83.90%, 90.18% and 85.42% and 74.05% respectively. Similarly, total proteins were also found to be decreased with 40% and 80% of LD50 of C-MLT-B mixture i.e. 71.47% and 66.45% respectively. All these alterations found in levels of various bio-molecules confirm the action of latex ingredients on worker termites that was antifeedant or deterrent types. These ingredients can be used to control not only termites but also other phytophagous insects in a sustainable and eco-friendly way.

关键词： Ficus benghalensis Odontotermes obesus Latexes Antifeedant or Deterrent Termiticides

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Toxic Effects of Ficus benghalensis Latex Based Combinatorial Formulations on Various Enzymatic Parameters in Indian White Termite Odontotermes obesus

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2023年第2期11卷 34-57页

作者： Abhishek Kumar tripathi Ravi kant Upadhyay Department of Zoology Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur India

In the present investigation, various bioassays were conducted to evaluate the alteration in levels of various enzymes i.e. alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase and acetylcholinesterase. For this purpose worker termites were treated with sub-lethal doses of 40% and 80% of 24 hrs LD50 of latex-based combinatorial formulations and observations were taken at 4 hours intervals up to 24 hours. Ficus benghalensis crude latex and its combinatorial mixtures, like C-MLT-A, CU-MLT-A, AQ-MLT, P-MLT and EA-MLT significantly altered the level of enzymes in Odontotermes obesus and this effect found time and dose-dependent. Reduction or increase in enzymes was calculated by using the corresponding control. The maximum decrease in acid phosphatase level was observed at 16 h when termites were treated with 80% of LD50 of B-MLT-B and P-MLT i.e. 82.84% at 16 h of treatment. A similar dose caused a very slight decrease in glutamate pyruvate transaminase at 4 h of treatment but with the increase in time. Further decrease was noted in other successive treatments that were significant at p > 0.05. Similarly, 40% and 80% of LD50 of the C-MLT-B mixture caused significant (p > 0.05) decrease in alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase level at 16 h treatment i.e. 93.42%, 89.46% and 95.89%, 88.17% respectively. The level of acetylcholinesterase was also found to be decreased when termites were treated with 40% and 80% of LD50 of C-MLT-B mixture i.e. 92.72% and 97.27% respectively. All the above alterations noted in levels of various enzymes confirm the action of latex ingredients on worker termites that were anti-feedant or deterrent types. These ingredients can be used to control not only termites but also other phytophagous insects.

关键词： Ficus benghalensis Enzymes Alteration Odontotermes obesus Latexes Anti-Feedant Termiticides

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High-energy ion treatments of amorphous As40Se60 thin films for optical applications

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2014年第3期24卷 239-246页

作者： Rashmi Chauhan Arvind tripathi Krishna kant Srivastava Department of Physic DAV College CSJM University Research Foundation for Education and Technology 3. Department of Physics DBS College CSJM University

The treatment of 100 MeV Ag swift-heavy ion(SHI) irradiation with five different fluences(3 1010, 1 1011, 3 1011, 1 1012, and3 1012ions/cm2) was used to design optical and structural properties of amorphous(a-) As40Se60 chalcogenide thin films. Swanepoel method was applied on transmission measurements to determine the changes in optical bandgap, Tauc parameter and linear optical parameters, i.e., linear optical absorption, extinction coefficient and linear refractive index. Dispersion of the material was determined by Wemple–DiDomenico *** in nonlinear optical parameters of third-order optical susceptibility and nonlinear refractive index were determined using semi-empirical relations. Changes in surface morphology of the films were investigated using SEM observation, which indicated that fluence 3 1012ions/cm2was upper threshold limit for these films for ion treatment. It is observed that optical bandgap reduces from 1.76 eV to 1.64 eV, and nonlinear refractive index increases from 1.31 10 10[esu] to 1.74 10 10[esu]. Linear refractive index initially increases from 2.80 to 3.52(for fluence3 1010ions/cm2) and then keeps decreasing. The observed changes in optical properties upon irradiation were explained in terms of structural rearrangements by Raman measurement. The study was compiled with the previous literature to propose SHI as an effective optical engineering technique to achieve desired changes according to the need of optical/photonic applications.

关键词： Amorphous chalcogenide thin films Ion irradiation Linear and nonlinear optical properties Swanepoel method Semi-empirical relations Raman measurements

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Linear and nonlinear optical changes in amorphous As2Se3 thin film upon UV exposure

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2011年第3期21卷 205-210页

作者： Rashmi CHAUHAN Amit Kumar SRIVASTAVA Arvind tripathi Krishna kant SRIVASTAVA Department of Physic DAV CollegeCSJM UniversityKanpur208001India Department of Physics DBS CollegeCSJM UniversityKanpur208006India Materials Science Programme 4. Research Foundation for Education and Technology 5. Department of Physics DBS CollegeCSJM University

Amorphous As2Se3chalcogenide thin film was exposed to UV light(i line and g line) using mercury lamp for 30 min. XRD,UV/VIS spectroscopy and thickness measurements were taken for unexposed and exposed thin film for structural and optical *** optical constants(linear refractive index,extinction coefficient and linear optical absorption coefficient) of the film were calculated from transmission spectra using Swanepoel *** bandgap was determined using Tauc’s relation of indirect bandgap *** of the material was described by single-oscillator Wemple-DeDiDomenico model. Nonlinear optical constants(χ~((3)) and n2) were determined from linear optical parameters using semi-empirical relations in long wavelength *** changes in linear optical parameters(increase in refractive index,and extinction coefficient;reduction in optical bandgap),nonlinear optical parameter(increase inχ~((3))) are proposed for various photonic applications.

关键词： amorphous chalcogenide thin films UV exposure optical properties swanepoel method Wemple-DeDiDomenico model semi-empirical relations

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Photo-induced optical changes in GexAs40Se60-x thin films

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2010年第1期20卷 54-60页

作者： Rashmi CHAUHAN Amit Kumar SRIVASTAVA Arvind tripathi Krishna kant SRIVASTAVA Department of Physic DAV College Kanpur 208001India 2. Material Science Programme ⅡT Kanpur 208016India 3. Epsilonium Systems Commercial ComplexChunniganjKanpur 208001India 4. Department of Physics DBS CollegeKanpur 208006India

Ge-As-Se chalcogenide thin films show a wide range of photosensitivity,which is utilized for the fabrication of micro-optical elements for integrated *** photosensitivity of GexAs40Se60-x(x=0,15)chalcogenide thin films for UV light was *** that purpose,the bulk samples of GexAs40Se60-x(x=0,15)chalcogenide glasses were prepared using conventional melt quenching technique,and thin films were prepared using thermal evaporation *** thin films were exposed to UV light for two *** natures of bulk samples and thin films were verified by XRD and chemical compositions were verified by EDX *** thicknesses of the thin films were measured using a thickness *** optical analysis of these thin films was done using transmission spectra in wavelength range of 300-900 *** bandgap was determined by first peak of transmission derivative as well as extrapolation of Tauc’s plot.R~2 analysis was done using R software to ensure that the material is indirect bandgap *** is observed that two hours UV exposure causes photo-darkening along with photo-expansion in As40Se60thin films,while photo-bleaching and photo-densification for Ge15As40Se45thin ***,the amounts of photo-induced optical changes for Ge15As40Se45thin films are smaller than those for As40Se60thin *** changes in optical absorption,bandgap and thickness are understood based on the bonding rearrangement caused by UV exposure.

关键词： chalcogenide glasses thin films optical properties photo-induced effect optical band gap UV exposure R software

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Automated Identification Algorithm Using CNN for Computer Vision in Smart Refrigerators

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3337-3353页

作者： Pulkit Jain Paras Chawla Mehedi Masud Shubham Mahajan Amit kant Pandit Chandigarh University Mohali140413India Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia School of Electronics&Communication Engineering Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatra182320India

Machine Learning has evolved with a variety of algorithms to enable state-of-the-art computer vision *** particular the need for automating the process of real-time food item identification,there is a huge surge of research so as to make smarter *** to a survey by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),it has been found that 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted by consumers around the world due to either food spoilage or expiry and a large amount of food is wasted from homes and restaurants *** refrigerators have been very successful in playing a pivotal role in mitigating this problem of food *** a major issue is the high cost of available smart refrigerators and the lack of accurate design algorithms which can help achieve computer vision in any ordinary *** address these issues,this work proposes an automated identification algorithm for computer vision in smart refrigerators using InceptionV3 and MobileNet Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)*** designed module and algorithm have been elaborated in detail and are considerably evaluated for its accuracy using test images on standard fruits and vegetable datasets.A total of eight test cases are considered with accuracy and training time as the performance *** the end,real-time testing results are also presented which validates the system’s performance.

关键词： CNN computer vision Internet of Things(IoT) radio frequency identification(RFID) graphical user interface(GUI)

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High-Efficiency Video Coder in Pruned Environment Using Adaptive Quantization Parameter Selection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1977-1993页

作者： Krishan Kumar Mohamed Abouhawwash Amit kant Pandit Shubham Mahajan Mofreh A.Hogo School of Electronics&Communication Engineering Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatra182320India Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing48824MIUSA Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringBenha UniversityBenha13518Egypt

The high-efficiency video coder(HEVC)is one of the most advanced techniques used in growing real-time multimedia applications ***,they require large bandwidth for transmission through bandwidth,and bandwidth varies with different video sequences/*** paper proposes an adaptive information-based variable quantization matrix(AIVQM)developed for different video formats having variable energy *** quantization method is adapted based on video sequence using statistical analysis,improving bit budget,quality and complexity ***,to have precise control over bit rate and quality,a multi-constraint prune algorithm is proposed in the second stage of the AI-VQM technique for pre-calculating K numbers of *** same should be handy to selfadapt and choose one of the K-path automatically in dynamically changing bandwidth availability as per requirement after extensive testing of the proposed algorithm in the multi-constraint environment for multiple paths and evaluating the performance based on peak signal to noise ratio(PSNR),bit-budget and time complexity for different videos a noticeable improvement in rate-distortion(RD)performance is *** the proposed AIVQM technique,more feasible and efficient video sequences are achieved with less loss in PSNR than the variable quantization method(VQM)algorithm with approximately a rise of 10%–20%based on different video sequences/formats.

关键词： Adaptive quantization high-efficient video coding(HEVC) quad-tree rate-distortion optimization(RDO) video compression variable quantization method(VQM) quantization parameter(QP)

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Covid-19 Detection from Chest X-Ray Images Using Advanced Deep Learning Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1541-1556页

作者： Shubham Mahajan Akshay Raina Mohamed Abouhawwash Xiao-Zhi Gao Amit kant Pandit School of Electronics&Communication Engineering Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatra182320India School of Electrical Engineering Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatra182320India Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing48824MIUSA School of Computing University of Eastern FinlandKuopio70210Finland

Like the Covid-19 pandemic,smallpox virus infection broke out in the last century,wherein 500 million deaths were reported along with enormous economic *** unlike smallpox,the Covid-19 recorded a low exponential infection rate and mortality rate due to advancement inmedical aid and *** analytics,machine learning,and automation techniques can help in early diagnostics and supporting treatments of many reported *** paper proposes a robust and efficient methodology for the early detection of COVID-19 from Chest X-Ray scans utilizing enhanced deep learning *** study suggests that using the Prediction and Deconvolutional Modules in combination with the SSD architecture can improve the performance of the model trained at this *** used a publicly open CXR image dataset and implemented the detectionmodelwith task-specific pre-processing and near 80:20 *** achieved a competitive specificity of 0.9474 and a sensibility/accuracy of 0.9597,which shall help better decision-making for various aspects of identification and treat the infection.

关键词： Machine learning deep learning object detection chest X-ray medical images Covid-19

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Deep Learning Based Automated Diagnosis of Skin Diseases Using Dermoscopy

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3145-3160页

作者： Vatsala Anand Sheifali Gupta Deepika Koundal Shubham Mahajan Amit kant Pandit Atef Zaguia Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityPunjabIndia Department of Systemics School of Computer ScienceUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradunUttrakhandIndia School of Electronics&Communication Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatra182320India Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

Biomedical image analysis has been exploited considerably by recent technology involvements,carrying about a pattern shift towards‘automation’and‘error free diagnosis’classification methods with markedly improved accurate diagnosis productivity and cost *** paper proposes an automated deep learning model to diagnose skin disease at an early stage by using Dermoscopy *** proposed model has four convolutional layers,two maxpool layers,one fully connected layer and three dense *** the convolutional layers are using the kernel size of 3∗3 whereas the maxpool layer is using the kernel size of 2∗*** dermoscopy images are taken from the HAM10000 *** proposed model is compared with the three different models of ResNet that are ResNet18,ResNet50 and *** models are simulated with 32 batch size and Adadelta *** proposed model has obtained the best accuracy value of 0.96 whereas the ResNet101 model has obtained 0.90,the ResNet50 has obtained 0.89 and the ResNet18 model has obtained value as ***,features obtained from the proposed model are more capable for improving the classification performance of multiple skin disease *** model can be used for early diagnosis of skin disease and can also act as a second opinion tool for dermatologists.

关键词： Dermoscopy images CNN deep learning classification optimizer ResNet diagnosis skin disease

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