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Flow field analyses of a porous membrane-separated,double-layered microfluidic chip for cell co-culture

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2020年第3期36卷 754-767页

作者： Shenbao Chen Jian Xue Jinrong Hu Qihan Ding luwen Zhou Shiliang Feng Yuhong Cui shouqin lu Mian Long Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Microgravity(National Microgravity Laboratory)Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiologyand CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System MechanicsInstitute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics(LNM) Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211ZhejiangChina Department of Mechanics Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Organs-on-chips composed of a porous membrane-separated,double-layered channels are used widely in elucidating the effects of cell co-culture and flow shear on biological functions.While the diversity of channel geometry and membrane permeability is applied,their quantitative correlation with flow features is still unclear.Immersed boundary methods(IBM)simulations and theoretical modelling were performed in this study.Numerical simulations showed that channel length,height and membrane permeability jointly regulated the flow features of flux,penetration velocity and wall shear stress(WSS).Increase of channel length,lower channel height or membrane permeability monotonically reduced the flow flux,velocity and WSS in upper channel before reaching a plateau.While the flow flux in lower channel monotonically increased with the increase of each factor,the WSS surprisingly exhibited a biphasic pattern with first increase and then decrease with increase of lower channel height.Moreover,the transition threshold of maximum WSS was sensitive to the channel length and membrane permeability.Theoretical modeling,integrating the transmembrane pressure difference and inlet flow flux with chip geometry and membrane permeability,was in good agreement with IBM simulations.These analyses provided theoretical bases for optimizing flow-specified chip design and evaluating flow microenvironments of in vivo tissue.

关键词： Immersed boundary method Porous membrane Wall shear stress Penetration velocity Microfluidic chip

Multi-scale molecular dynamics simulations and applications on mechanosensitive proteins of integrins

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第3期30卷 1-8页

作者：吕守芹丁奇寒张明焜龙勉 Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Microgravity(National Microgravity Laboratory)Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiologyand CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System MechanicsInstitute of MechanicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Chongqing Engineering Research Center of High-Resolution and 3D Dynamic Imaging Technology Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

Molecular dynamics simulation(MDS)is a powerful technology for investigating evolution dynamics of target proteins,and it is used widely in various fields from materials to biology.This mini-review introduced the principles,main preforming procedures,and advances of MDS,as well as its applications on the studies of conformational and allosteric dynamics of proteins especially on that of the mechanosensitive integrins.Future perspectives were also proposed.This review could provide clues in understanding the potentiality of MD simulations in structure–function relationship investigation of biological proteins.

关键词： molecular dynamics simulations mechanosensitive protein allosteric dynamics integrin

Collective Molecular Machines: Multidimensionality and Reconfigurability

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 309-340页

作者： Bin Wang Yuan lu Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Molecular machines are key to cellular activity where they are involved in converting chemical and light energy into efficient mechanical work.During the last 60 years,designing molecular structures capable of generating unidirectional mechanical motion at the nanoscale has been the topic of intense research.Effective progress has been made,attributed to advances in various fields such as supramolecular chemistry,biology and nanotechnology,and informatics.However,individual molecular machines are only capable of producing nanometer work and generally have only a single functionality.In order to address these problems,collective behaviors realized by integrating several or more of these individual mechanical units in space and time have become a new paradigm.In this review,we comprehensively discuss recent developments in the collective behaviors of molecular machines.In particular,collective behavior is divided into two paradigms.One is the appropriate integration of molecular machines to efficiently amplify molecular motions and deformations to construct novel functional materials.The other is the construction of swarming modes at the supramolecular level to perform nanoscale or microscale operations.We discuss design strategies for both modes and focus on the modulation of features and properties.Subsequently,in order to address existing challenges,the idea of transferring experience gained in the field of micro/nano robotics is presented,offering prospects for future developments in the collective behavior of molecular machines.

关键词： Molecular machines Collective control Collective behaviors DNA Biomolecular motors

Soil inorganic amendments produce safe rice by reducing the transfer of Cd and increasing key amino acids in brown rice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 121-132页

作者： Fanyi Kong Shenggao lu Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem HealthMinistry of EducationCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The digestibility of cadmium(Cd)in brown rice is directly related to amino acid metabolism in rice and human health.In our field study,three kinds of alkaline calcium-rich soil inorganic amendments(SIAs)at three dosages were applied to produce safe rice and improve the quality of rice in Cd-contaminated paddy.With the increased application of SIA,Cd content in iron plaque on rice root significantly increased,the transfer of Cd from rice root to grain significantly decreased,and then Cd content in brown rice decreased synchronously.The vitro digestibility of Cd in brown rice was estimated by a physiologically based extraction test.Results showed that more than 70%of Cd in brown rice could be digested by simulated gastrointestinal juice.Based on the total and digestible Cd contents in brown rice to evaluate the health risk,the application of 2.25 ton SIA/ha could produce safe rice in acidic slightly Cd-contaminated paddy soils.The amino acids(AAs)in brown rice were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.The contents of 5 key AAs(KAAs)that actively respond to environmental changes increased significantly with the increased application of SIA.The structural equation model indicated that KAAs could be affected by the Cd translocation capacity from rice root to grain,and consequently altered the ratio of indigestible Cd in brown rice.The formation of indigestible KAAs-Cd complexes by combining KAAs(phenylalanine,leucine,histidine,glutamine,and asparagine)with Cd in brown rice could be considered a potential mechanism for reducing the digestibility of Cd.

关键词： Cadmium digestibility Soil inorganic amendments Safe rice Amino acid Priming effect Health risk

健康中国背景下连云港市群众体育生活化现状与对策研究

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连云港职业技术学院学报 2022年第2期35卷 44-47页

作者：陆守芹江苏海洋大学体育学院江苏连云港220005

体育生活化作为一种理念已经深入人心,以此为基础研究如何促进群众体育生活化,改善连云港市人民体育生活现状,具有重要的现实意义。运用问卷调查法、文献资料法、访谈法等研究方法,以连云港市市级机关工作人员为例,对其体育活动参与情... 详细信息

体育生活化作为一种理念已经深入人心,以此为基础研究如何促进群众体育生活化,改善连云港市人民体育生活现状,具有重要的现实意义。运用问卷调查法、文献资料法、访谈法等研究方法,以连云港市市级机关工作人员为例,对其体育活动参与情况进行调查和分析,探究健康中国背景下连云港市群众体育生活化存在的问题,并提出加强宣传引导、科学普及体育知识、优化体育社会环境等对策,使体育能真正贯穿群众生活,成为人们日常生活的一部分,从而不断提高人民的生活质量。

关键词：群众体育健康中国体育生活化

Light touch in quantum:an interview with Prof.Serge Haroche

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 10-16页

作者： Chao-Yang lu CAS Centre for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics HefeiChina NYU Shanghai NYU-ECNU Institute of PhysicsShanghaiChina University of Science and Technology of China Department of Modern PhysicsShanghaiChina

lu:Hello,Prof.Haroche,nice to see you again!Let us start the interview.In 2012,you and David Wineland won the Nobel Prize in Physics.Can you describe your work in simple terms to a general audience?And can you tell us how you were originally interested in this field and got into this study?Haroche:Maybe I should start with the second part of the question.I got interested in atomic physics when I was a student atÉcole Normale Supérieure(ENS)in Paris in the 1960s.

关键词： quantum interview Serge

Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is positively correlated with the autophagy level in colon cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 314-330页

作者： Lei Zheng Jia lu Da-lu Kong Department of Colorectal Cancer Surgery National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy of TianjinTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of TianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin 300060China Department of Infection Management National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy of TianjinTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of TianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin 300060China

BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 9(CDK9)expression and autophagy in colorectal cancer(CRC)tissues has not been widely studied.CDK9,a key regulator of transcription,may influence the occurrence and progression of CRC.The expression of auto-phagy-related genes BECN1 and drug resistance factor ABCG2 may also play a role in CRC.Under normal physiological conditions,autophagy can inhibit tumorigenesis,but once a tumor forms,autophagy may promote tumor growth.Therefore,understanding the relationship between autophagy and cancer,partic-ularly how autophagy promotes tumor growth after its formation,is a key motivation for this research.AIM To investigate the relationship between CDK9 expression and autophagy in CRC,assess differences in autophagy between left and right colon cancer,and analyze the associations of autophagy-related genes with clinical features and prognosis.METHODS We collected tumor tissues and paracarcinoma tissues from colon cancer patients with liver metastasis to observe the level of autophagy in tissues with high levels of CDK9 and low levels of CDK9.We also collected primary tissue from left and right colon cancer patients with liver metastasis to compare the autophagy levels and the expression of BECN1 and ABCG2 in the tumor and paracarcinoma tissues.RESULTS The incidence of autophagy and the expression of BECN1 and ABCG2 were different in left and right colon cancer,and autophagy might be involved in the occurrence of chemotherapy resistance.Further analysis of the rela-tionship between the expression of autophagy-related genes CDK9,ABCG2,and BECN1 and the clinical features and prognosis of colorectal cancer showed that the high expression of CDK9 indicated a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.CONCluSION This study laid the foundation for further research on the combination of CDK9 inhibitors and autophagy inhibitors in the treatment of patients with CRC.

关键词： Autophagy Tumorigenesis Tumor tissue Paracarcinoma tissue Expression Left/right colon cancer

Comprehensive study on the spatial distribution of heavy metals and their environmental risks in high-sulfur coal gangue dumps in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 486-497页

作者： Yingbo Dong Huan lu Hai Lin School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants Beijing 100083China

The accumulation of coal gangue(CG)from coal mining is an important source of heavy metals(HMs)in soil.Its spatial distribution and environment risk assessment are extremely important for the management and remediation of HMs.Eighty soil samples were collected from the high-sulfur CG site in northern China and analyzed for six HMs.The results showed that the soil was heavily contaminated by Mn,Cr and Ni based on the Nemerow index,and posed seriously ecological risk depended on the geo-accumulation index,potential ecological risk index and risk assessment code.The semi-variogram model and ordinary kriging interpolation accurately portrayed the spatial distribution of HMs.Fe,Mn,and Cr were distributed by band diffusion,Ni was distributed by core,the distribution of Cu had obvious patchiness and Zn was more uniform.The spatial autocorrelation indicated that all HMs had strong spatial heterogeneity.The BCR sequential extraction was employed to qualify the geochemical fractions of HMs.The data indicated that Fe and Cr were dominated by residual fraction;Cu,Ni and Zn were dominated by reducible and oxidizable fractions;Mn was dominated by reducible and acid-extractable(25.38%-44.67%)fractions.Pearson correlation analysis showed that pH was the main control factor affecting the non-residue fractions of HMs.Therefore,acid production from high sulfur CG reduced soil pH by 2-3,which indirectly promoted the activity of HMs.Finally,the conceptual model of HMs contamination at the CG site was proposed,which can be useful for the development of ecological remediation strategies.

关键词： High-sulfur coal gangue Soil contamination Heavy metals Spatial distribution Geochemical fractions Risk assessment

Analysis of photocatalytic degradation of polyamide microplastics in metal salt solution by high resolution mass spectrometry

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 473-482页

作者： Yunjin Zhong Lebing Zhuo Wangyang lu National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials&Processing Technology(Zhejiang) School of Materials Science&EngineeringZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Microplastic pollution has become one of the most concerned focuses in the world.Among many treatment methods,photocatalysis is considered to be one of the most environmentally friendly methods.In this work,the photodegradation behavior of polyamide microplastics is studied by using polyamide 6(PA6)as model microplastics and FeCl_(3) as catalyst.It is hoped that the PA6 fiber can be effectively degraded by utilizing the strong oxidizing active species that can be produced after FeCl_(3) is irradiated in water.The results shows that PA6 fiber can be almost completely degraded after 10 days of irradiation in FeCl_(3) aqueous solution,indicating that it is promising to use this new method to solve the problem of PA6type microplastics.In addition,the chain scission mechanism and degradation process of PA6 are analyzed in detail by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS),which provides a new insight for the study of polymer degradation mechanism.

关键词： FeCl_(3) Photocatalysis Polyamide 6 Chain scission