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Cancer Incidence and Mortality in China,2007

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2012年第1期24卷 1-8页

作者： Wan-qing Chen Hong-mei Zeng Rong-shou Zheng Si-wei zhang jie He National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control/National Central Cancer Registry Cancer InstituteChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100021China

Objective： Cancer incidence and mortality data collected from population-based cancer registries were analyzed to present the overall cancer statistics in Chinese registration areas by age, sex and geographic area in 2007. Methods： In 2010, 48 cancer registries reported cancer incidence and mortality data of 2007 to National Central Cancer Registry of China. Of them, 38 registries＇ data met the national criteria. Incidence and mortality were calculated by cancer sites, age, gender, and area. Age-standardized rates were described by China and World population. Results： The crude incidence rate for all cancers was 276.16/100,000 （305.22/100,000 for male and 246.46/100,000 for female; 284.71/100,000 in urban and 251.07/100,000 in rural）. Age-standardized incidence rates by China and World population were 145.39/100,000 and 189.46/100,000 respectively. The crude mortality rate for all cancers was 177.09/100,000 （219.15/100,000 for male and 134.10/100,000 for female; 173.55/100,000 in urban and 187.49/100,000 in rural）. Age-standardized mortality rates by China and World population were 86.06/100,000 and 116.46/100,000, respectively. The top 10 most frequently common cancer sites were the lung, stomach, colon and rectum, liver, breast, esophagus, pancreas, bladder, brain and lymphoma, accounting for 76.12% of the total cancer cases. The top 10 causes of cancer death were cancers of the lung, liver, stomach, esophagus, colon and rectum, pancreas, breast, leukemia, brain and lymphoma, accounting for 84.37% of the total cancer deaths. Conclusion： Cancer remains a major disease threatening people＇s health in China. Prevention and control should be enhanced, especially for the main cancers.

关键词： Cancer registry Incidence Mortality China

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视觉富文档理解预训练综述

计算机科学 2025年第1期52卷 259-276页

作者：张剑李晖张晟铭吴杰彭滢西安电子科技大学网络与信息安全学院西安710071 中电科网络安全科技股份有限公司成都610095

视觉富文档指语义结构不仅由文本内容决定,还与排版格式和表格结构等视觉元素相关的文档。现实生活中的票据理解和证件识别等应用场景,都需要对视觉富文档进行自动化的阅读、分析和处理。这一过程即为视觉富文档理解,属于自然语言处理... 详细信息

视觉富文档指语义结构不仅由文本内容决定,还与排版格式和表格结构等视觉元素相关的文档。现实生活中的票据理解和证件识别等应用场景,都需要对视觉富文档进行自动化的阅读、分析和处理。这一过程即为视觉富文档理解,属于自然语言处理和计算机视觉的交叉领域。近年来,视觉富文档理解领域的预训练技术在打破下游任务的训练壁垒和提升模型表现上取得了重大的进展。然而,目前对现有的预训练模型的归纳总结和深入分析仍然有所欠缺。为此,对视觉富文档理解领域预训练技术的相关研究进行了全面总结。首先,介绍了预训练技术的数据预处理阶段,包括预训练数据集和光学字符识别引擎。然后,对预训练技术的模型预训练阶段进行了阐述,提炼出单模态表示学习、多模态特征融合和预训练任务3个关键的技术模块,并基于上述模块归纳了预训练模型之间的共性和差异。此外,简要介绍了多模态大模型在视觉富文档理解领域的应用。接着,对预训练模型在下游任务上的表现进行了对比分析。最后,探讨了预训练技术面临的挑战和未来的研究方向。

关键词：文档智能预训练模型自然语言处理计算机视觉深度学习

Influence of Freezing Layer on the Crystallization Kinetics of PCL on Oriented PE Film

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2023年第5期41卷 778-786,I0010页

作者： Hao zhang Ying-Xiao Song Na Li Shao-Juan Wang Jian Hu Rui Xin jie zhang Chun-Feng Song shou-Ke Yan Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-PlasticsQingdao University of Science&TechnologyQingdao 266042China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

The effect of freezing layer on the crystallization kinetics of poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL)thin and ultrathin films was investigated by monitor the growth process of it on oriented polyethylene(PE)and CaF_(2)with and without freezing layer,*** was found that the PCL films with similar thicknesses crystallize much faster on oriented PE than on CaF_(2)*** example,the crystallization rate constant of a 102 nm thick PCL film decreases tremendously by 3 orders of magnitude from 1.1×10^(-1) on PE substrate at 50℃to 7×10^(-4)on CaF_(2)surface at 40℃.Moreover,the crystallization of PCL accelerates on CaF_(2)surface while slows down at PE surface with increasing film *** ultrathin films of PCL with thickness less than 14 nm exhibits the fastest crystallization rate on oriented PE with a rate constant of about 3.5×10^(-1),which is 3 times higher than that of a ca.50 nm thick *** illustrates the great influence of freezing layer on the crystallization process of *** freezing layer thickness of PCL on PE is estimated to be in the range of 14-17 *** the radius of gyration(R_(g)~15.6 nm)of the used PCL material into account,the obtained results may imply the existence of a correlation between the R_(g)of PCL and its freezing layer thickness at PE substrate.

关键词： Poly(ε-caprolactone) Polyethylene Interface Freezing layer Crystallization kinetics

Tissue Extracts From Infarcted Myocardium of Rats in Promoting the Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Into Cardiomyocyte-like Cells

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2008年第2期21卷 110-117页

作者： XIAO-NING LIU Oi YIN HAO zhang HONG zhang SHEN-JUN ZHU YING-jie WEI SHENG-shou HU Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine Ministry of Health and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Cardiovascular Institute of Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences ＆ Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China Department of Thoracicand Cardiovascular Surgery FirstAffiliated Hospital Wenzhou Medical College Wenzhou 325000 Zhejiang China

Objective To investigate whether cardiac tissue extracts from rats could mimic the cardiac microenvironment and act as a natural inducer in promoting the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs） into cardiomyocytes. Methods Three kinds of tissue extract or cell lysate [infarcted myocardial tissue extract （IMTE）, normal myocardial tissue extract （NMTE） and cultured neonatal myocardial lysate （NML）] were employed to induce BMSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells. The cells were harvested at each time point for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） detection, immunocytochemical analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. Results After a 7-day induction, BMSCs were enlarged and polygonal in morphology. Myofilaments, striated sarcomeres, Z-lines, and more mitochondia were observed under transmission electron microscope. Elevated expression levels of cardiac-specific genes and proteins were also confirmed by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Moreover, IMTE showed a greater capacity of differentiating BMSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells. Conclusions Cardiac tissue extracts, especially IMTE, can effectively differentiate BMSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells.

关键词： Bone marrow stromal cells Cell differentiation Cardiac tissue extracts Myocardial infarction

Growth hormone stimulates remnant small bowel epithelial cell proliferation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第6期6卷 909-913页

作者： Xin Zhou Ning Li jie shou Li Medical School Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093Jiangsu ProvinceChina Research Institute of General Surgery Jinling HospitalNanjing 210002Jiangsu ProvinceChina

INTRODUCTIONCurrently the major treatment choices for shortbowel syndrome are parenteral nutrition and smallbowel *** therapies involvegreat fiscal challenge and recurring *** years have witnessed the promisingexperim... 详细信息

关键词： short bowel syndrome insulin-like growth factor I intestine small/surgery proliferation growth hormone intestinal mucosa rats

Effect of Power Ultrasonic on Solidification Structure of HT150 Gray Cast Iron

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2005年第6期12卷 33-36页

作者： QI Fei-peng ZHAI Qi-jie GAO shou-lei zhang Hai-bo DING Li Shanghai University Shanghai 200072 China

Power ultrasonic treatment is an efficient way to improve the solidification structure and mechanical properties of metals. The effect of 600 W power ultrasonic treatment on the solidification process and structure of... 详细信息

关键词： power ultrasonic HT150 gray cast iron graphite morphology solidification

新发展阶段大学生成长为新型职业农民的影响因素评价

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西北农林科技大学学报（社会科学版） 2025年第1期25卷 140-150页

作者：张成凤谢治国李洁西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院陕西杨凌712100 陕西省林业科学院西安710082

乡村振兴战略的总目标是农业农村现代化,涉农高校肩负着为国家发展战略提供人才支持的重要使命。基于563份问卷数据和30份访谈资料,运用层次分析法与Matlab软件对涉农高校大学生成长为新型职业农民影响因素进行建模并求解。结果显示,涉... 详细信息

乡村振兴战略的总目标是农业农村现代化,涉农高校肩负着为国家发展战略提供人才支持的重要使命。基于563份问卷数据和30份访谈资料,运用层次分析法与Matlab软件对涉农高校大学生成长为新型职业农民影响因素进行建模并求解。结果显示,涉农高校大学生成长为新型职业农民影响因素一级指标相关性排序为:社会因素>个体因素>家庭因素>学校因素;二级指标分析结果表明,职业收入、职业发展、家庭经济状况、职业人格特征、职业兴趣、职业价值观与专业背景对涉农高校大学生成长为新型职业农民的影响较大。基于此,提出建议。一是政府和社会要营造良好的舆论,改善工作环境及生产条件,提高新型职业农民经济收入;二是涉农高校应转变教育理念,以学生“个性发展”为取向,精准培养新型职业农民;三是家庭应优化教育环境,提升对乡村振兴战略的认识,支持大学生追求自己的职业理想;四是个人要提升乡村就业认识,存储就业创业知识,提高服务乡村振兴的能力。

关键词：涉农高校大学生新型职业农民影响因素评价

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诱变技术选育高产麦角硫因的榆黄菇菌株

核农学报 2025年第2期39卷 213-222页

作者：冉思婷张嘉琪王杰华南农业大学食品学院广东广州510642

麦角硫因是食用菌中的天然活性物质,具有抗氧化和螯合金属等作用。为进一步提高生物发酵法生产麦角硫因的产量,本研究利用紫外诱变(UV)、甲基磺酸乙酯诱变(EMS)、航天诱变(SFM)技术对榆黄菇菌株进行诱变处理,以菌丝生长速度和液态发酵... 详细信息

麦角硫因是食用菌中的天然活性物质,具有抗氧化和螯合金属等作用。为进一步提高生物发酵法生产麦角硫因的产量,本研究利用紫外诱变(UV)、甲基磺酸乙酯诱变(EMS)、航天诱变(SFM)技术对榆黄菇菌株进行诱变处理,以菌丝生长速度和液态发酵麦角硫因产量为评价指标,选育高产麦角硫因榆黄菇菌株。结果表明,UV诱变、EMS诱变和SFM诱变处理后分别得到了46、40、48株突变菌株,其中UV诱变产麦角硫因菌株的正突变率最高,为43.48%。UV诱变、EMS诱变和SFM诱变分别得到8、3、1株液态发酵麦角硫因产量极显著高于出发菌株的榆黄菇菌株(P<0.01)。在12株高产麦角硫因诱变菌株中,UV-30株产量最高,是出发菌株的2.16倍,UV-13的生长速度最快,是出发菌株的1.02倍。遗传距离分析表明SFM诱变菌株变异程度高于UV诱变菌株,且两者变异程度均高于EMS诱变菌株。本研究结果为麦角硫因生物合成途径基础研究提供了材料,同时为榆黄菇高产麦角硫因菌株诱变选育研究提供了参考依据。

关键词：麦角硫因榆黄菇诱变育种液态发酵

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Preparation, characterization and application of thiosemicarbazide grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes for solid-phase extraction of Cd(II),Cu(II) and Pb(II) in environmental samples

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期25卷 2331-2337页

作者： jie zhang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University

Thiosemicarbazide-grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes were prepared and employed to investigate the pre-concentration of Cd（Ⅱ）, Cu（Ⅱ） and Pb（Ⅱ） from aqueous solution prior to their determination by ICP-OES. The resulting material was characterized by FT-IR, TGA and SEM. Various factors influencing the separation and pre-concentration were investigated. The enrichment factor typically is 60. Under optimized experimental conditions, the maximum adsorption capacities of Cd（Ⅱ）, Cu（Ⅱ） and Pb（Ⅱ） were found to be 1.98, 10.94, 3.69 mg/g, and the relative standard deviations are 〈 3.5% （n = 6）. The new adsorbent shows superior reusability and stability. The procedure was successfully applied to the determination of trace quantities of Cd（Ⅱ）, Cu（Ⅱ） and Pb（Ⅱ） in water samples.

关键词： multiwalled carbon nanotubes solid-phase-extraction preconcentration heavy metal ions