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Soil-Plant-Microbe Interactions in Stressed Agriculture Management:A Review

Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 177-192页

作者： shobhit raj vimal Jay Shankar SINGH Naveen Kumar ARORA Surendra SINGH Department of Environmental Microbiology Babashaeb Bhimrao Ambedkar (Central) University Lucknow 226025 (India) Department of Botany Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 (India)

The expected rise in temperature and decreased precipitation owing to climate change and unabated anthropogenic activities add complexity and uncertainty to agro-industry. The impact of soil nutrient imbalance, mismanaged use of chemicals, high temperature, flood or drought, soil salinity, and heavy metal pollutions, with regard to food security, is increasingly being explored worldwide. This review describes the role of soil-plant-microbe interactions along with organic manure in solving stressed agriculture problems. Beneficial microbes associated with plants are known to stimulate plant growth and enhance plant resistance to biotic （diseases） and abiotic （salinity, drought, pollutions, etc.） stresses. The plant growth-promoting rhizobemteria （PGPR） and mycorrhizae, a key component of soil microbiota, could play vital roles in the maintenance of plant fitness and soil health under stressed environments. The application of organic manure as a soil conditioner to stressed soils along with suitable microbial strains could further enhance the plant-microbe associations and increase the crop yield. A combination of plant, stress-tolerant microbe, and organic amendment represents the tripartite association to offer a favourable environment to the proliferation of beneficial rhizosphere microbes that in turn enhance the plant growth performance in disturbed agro-ecosystem. Agriculture land use patterns with the proper exploitation of plant-microbe associations, with compatible beneficial microbial agents, could be one of the most effective strategies in the management of the concerned agriculture lands owing to climate change resilience. However, the association of such microbes with plants for stressed agriculture management still needs to be explored in greater depth.

关键词： beneficial microbes fungi microbial agents rnycorrhiza organic manure pathogen plant health plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

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Hidden periodicity in Stripe 82 with Saraswati supercluster—a fractal analysis

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第1期73卷 71-77页

作者： vimal raj M S Swapna S Sankararaman Department of Optoelectronics University of KeralaTrivandrumKerala695581-India

The manuscript attempts to explore the periodicity in the distribution of galaxies in the recently reported Saraswati supercluster and the Stripe 82 region containing it as an *** report of 120 Mpc periodicity in the Abell galaxy clusters by power spectrum analysis is the motivation behind the *** power spectral analysis across the central part of the Stripe 82 region shows a periodic variation of 3.09°or 71 Mpc in fractal dimension whereas an average angular periodicity of 3.45°or 94 Mpc is observed across the Stripe 82 *** refers to the periodicity of complexity or cluster density of galaxy *** texture of the distribution pattern understood through lacunarity analysis indicates a near symmetric *** dimensions like box-counting dimension,information dimension and correlation dimension are also found through multifractal *** the information dimension tells about the distribution density of galactic points,the correlation dimension details the distribution of galaxies in the neighbourhood.

关键词： galaxy distribution fractal analysis multifractals lacunarity Saraswati supercluster Stripe 82

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Calcarea carbonica treatment rescues lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in human mononuclear cells via downregulation of inducible cyclooxygenase pathway

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第5期18卷 441-449页

作者： Swatantra Kumar vimal KMaurya Debadatta Nayak Anil Khurana raj KManchanda Srinivasulu Gadugu Madan LBBhatt Shailendra K.Saxena Centre for Advanced Research Faculy of MedicineKing George's Medical UniversityLucknow 226003India Central Council for Research in Homoeopathty.Ministry of Ayush.Janakpuri.New Delhi 10058 India Deparment of Medicine Jaisoorya and Potti Sreeramulu Government Medical Cllege.Hyderabad 500013India

Objective: Prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is associated with severe side effects and toxicity. Therefore, we studied the anti-inflammatory role of Calcarea carbonica which had minimal toxicity at the low ***: THP-1 human mononuclear cells were treated with C. carbonica to evaluate the 50% cytotoxicity concentration(CC_(50)) and 50% effective concentration(EC_(50)). Cell survival was evaluated in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated C. carbonica-treated cells. Nitric oxide(NO) and tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a) were measured to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of C. carbonica. Cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) protein expression was determined by Western blotting analysis, and the interaction of C. carbonica with the COX-2 protein was evaluated using molecular docking ***: The CC_(50) and EC_(50) of C. carbonica were found to be 43.26 and 11.99 mg/mL, respectively. The cell survival assay showed a 1.192-fold(P = 0.0129), 1.443-fold(P = 0.0009) and 1.605-fold(P = 0.0004)increase in cell survival at 24, 48 and 72 h after initiating C. carbonica treatment, respectively. C. carbonica-treated cells showed a reduction in NO levels by 2.355 folds(P = 0.0001), 2.181 folds(P = 0.0001) and 2.071 folds(P = 0.0001) at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The treated cells also showed a reduction in TNFa levels by 1.395 folds(P = 0.0013), 1.541 folds(P = 0.0005) and 1.550 folds(P = 0.0005) at 24, 48 and72 h, respectively. In addition, a 1.193-fold reduction(P = 0.0126) in COX-2 protein expression was found in C. carbonica-treated cells. The molecular docking showed interaction of C. carbonica with the phenylalanine 367 residue present in active site of ***: C. carbonica exhibited anti-inflammatory properties in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells by significantly reducing NO production and TNF-a level through downregulation of the COX-2 protein. This effect is probably mediated through interaction of C. carbonica with the phenylalanine

关键词： Inflammation Calcarea carbonica Cyclooxygenase-2 Nitric oxide Tumor necrosis factor-a Anti-inflammatory

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Laser-induced thermal lens study of the role of morphology and hydroxyl group in the evolution of thermal diffusivity of copper oxide

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第6期30卷 588-593页

作者： Riya Sebastian M S Swapna vimal raj S Sankararaman Department of Optoelectronics University of KeralaTrivandrum 695581KeralaIndia

The paper explores the evolution of thermal behavior of the material by studying the variations in thermal diffusivity using the single beam thermal lens(TL) technique. For this purpose, the decomposition of Cu(OH)_(2) into CuO is studied in a time range up to 120 h, by subjecting the sample to morphological, structural, and spectroscopic characterizations. The time evolution of thermal diffusivity can be divided into three regions for demonstrating the dynamics of the reaction. When the reaction is complete, the thermal diffusivity is also found to be saturated. In addition to the morphological modifications,from rods to flakes, the variations in the amount of hydroxyl group are attributed to be responsible for the enhancement of base fluid's thermal diffusivity by 165%. Thus the study unveils the role of hydroxyl groups in the thermal behavior of CuO.

关键词： thermal diffusivity CuO thermal lens morphology hydroxyl group

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Hybrid Aortic Arch Replacement: A Novel Surgical Technique for a Difficult Problem

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Surgical Science 2011年第6期2卷 335-337页

作者： Ravi de Silva Simon Messer vimal raj Stephen Large Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Papworth Everard

Aneurysms of the aortic arch and descending aorta are invariably fatal if left to expand, but also represent considerable surgical challenges. The development of endovascular stent grafts in combination with aortic debranching has produced results at least comparable to the more traditional surgical approach, but with considerably less comorbidity. We describe a technique for debranching of the aortic arch without the use of circulatory support, and in doing so creating a landing zone for thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TE-VAR). Although this procedure has been described, innovative features of our technique include transection of the left hemisternum to produce excellent surgical exposure, and ligation of the debranched arch vessels to prevent Type II endoleaks following TEVAR. Additionally, by not using mechanical circulatory support, we remove the associated pathophysiological insult, inflammatory response, and coagulopathy that is synonymous with cardiopulmonary bypass. There is also no need for circulatory arrest, with its associated perils.

关键词： Aortic Arch Endovascular Procedures/Stents Off Pump Surgery

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